Summary
Impact: Denial of Service. Microsoft rating: Important. Not known to be exploited — Exploitation Less Likely. Customer action: Required.
Details
According to the CVSS metric, a successful exploitation could lead to a scope change (S:C). What does this mean for this vulnerability?
A successful exploitation of this vulnerability via a medium integrity level exploit could allow an attacker to gain unauthorized access to system-level resources, potentially modify kernel memory, and execute arbitrary code with kernel-level privileges.
This could lead to a full compromise of the system’s integrity, confidentiality, and availability.
Are there any additional steps that I need to follow to be protected from this vulnerability?
The changes to address this vulnerability updated Virtual Secure Mode components. The policy described in Guidance for blocking rollback of Virtualization-based Security (VBS) related security updates has been updated to account for the latest changes. If you deployed this policy, then you'll need to redeploy using the updated policy.
Security updates
10.0.17763.6775 — https://support.microsoft.com/help/5050008
10.0.20348.3091 — https://support.microsoft.com/help/5049983
10.0.19044.5371 — https://support.microsoft.com/help/5049981
10.0.22621.4751 — https://support.microsoft.com/help/5050021
10.0.26100.2894 — https://support.microsoft.com/help/5050009
10.0.25398.1369 — https://support.microsoft.com/help/5049984
10.0.10240.20890 — https://support.microsoft.com/help/5050013
10.0.14393.7699 — https://support.microsoft.com/help/5049993
Vulnerabilities 1
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Medium 5.5
Windows Virtual Trusted Platform Module Denial of Service Vulnerability
Windows Virtual Trusted Platform Module Denial of Service Vulnerability
Revision history
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#1
Information published.
References
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CVE-2025-21280 Windows Virtual Trusted Platform Module Denial of Service Vulnerability - HTML
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21280
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Microsoft Exploitability Index
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/msrc/exploitability-index?rtc=1
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Microsoft Support Lifecycle
https://support.microsoft.com/lifecycle
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Common Vulnerability Scoring System
https://www.first.org/cvss