Microsoft SharePoint Server Spoofing Vulnerability

I am running SharePoint Server 2016. Do the updates for SharePoint Enterprise Server 2016 also apply to the version I am running?
Yes. The same KB number applies to both SharePoint Server 2016 and SharePoint Enterprise Server 2016. Customers running either version should install the security update to be protected from this vulnerability.

There are multiple update packages available for some of the affected software. Do I need to install all the updates listed in the Security Updates table for the software?
Yes. Customers should apply all updates offered for the software installed on their systems. If multiple updates apply, they can be installed in any order.

How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?
An authenticated attacker with permissions to add or modify content on an affected SharePoint page could store malicious script content in the page. The script could run in the security context of another user when that user views and interacts with the affected content, potentially allowing the attacker to access or modify SharePoint data available to that user.

Security updates
16.0.5565.1001 — https://support.microsoft.com/help/5002905
16.0.5565.1001 — https://support.microsoft.com/help/5002906
16.0.10417.20198 — https://support.microsoft.com/help/5002894
16.0.10417.20198 — https://support.microsoft.com/help/5002896
16.0.19725.20522 — https://support.microsoft.com/help/5002893