Microsoft Office SharePoint Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

I am running SharePoint Server 2016. Do the updates for SharePoint Enterprise Server 2016 also apply to the version I am running?
Yes. The same KB number applies to both SharePoint Server 2016 and SharePoint Enterprise Server 2016. Customers running either version should install the security update to be protected from this vulnerability.

There are multiple update packages available for some of the affected software. Do I need to install all the updates listed in the Security Updates table for the software?
Yes. Customers should apply all updates offered for the software installed on their systems. If multiple updates apply, they can be installed in any order.

How could an attacker exploit this vulnerability?
An authenticated attacker with permission to edit page content on a SharePoint site could submit specially crafted page markup that bypasses a control-safety check, causing the server to load a code library from a remote network location under the attacker's control. Successful exploitation could allow the attacker to execute code on the SharePoint server. Network access and authentication are required; user interaction is not required.

Security updates
16.0.20326.20074 — https://support.microsoft.com/help/5002908