Weakness (CWE)
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Source: MITRE CWE-120
525 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Critical 9.9
Totolink A3002MU boa formPortFw buffer overflow
A flaw has been found in Totolink A3002MU Hh-B20211125.1046. The affected element is the function formPortFw of the file /boafrm/formPortFw of the component boa. This manipulation of the argument service_type causes buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate…
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Critical 9.9
Totolink A3002MU boa formNewSchedule buffer overflow
A vulnerability was detected in Totolink A3002MU Hh-B20211125.1046. Impacted is the function formNewSchedule of the file /boafrm/formNewSchedule of the component boa. The manipulation of the argument submit-url results in buffer overflow. The attack may be pe…
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Critical 9.9
Totolink A3002MU boa formIpv6Setup buffer overflow
A security vulnerability has been detected in Totolink A3002MU Hh-B20211125.1046. This issue affects the function formIpv6Setup of the file /boafrm/formIpv6Setup of the component boa. The manipulation of the argument static_ipv6 leads to buffer overflow. The …
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Critical 9.9
Totolink A3002MU boa formFilter buffer overflow
A weakness has been identified in Totolink A3002MU Hh-B20211125.1046. This vulnerability affects the function formFilter of the file /boafrm/formFilter of the component boa. Executing a manipulation of the argument ip6addr can lead to buffer overflow. The att…
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Critical 9.6
Behavioral Technology Group Pavlok Behavioral Conditioning Wearable Apple Notification Center Service Event buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in Behavioral Technology Group Pavlok Behavioral Conditioning Wearable up to 20260707. Impacted is an unknown function of the component Apple Notification Center Service Event Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. …
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Critical 10.0
Memory Corruption vulnerability in SAP Extended Passport (EPP) Processing
A memory safety vulnerability exists in the Extended Passport Protocol (EPP) processing library. Under specific conditions, an unauthenticated attacker could exploit a crafted network request containing a malformed EPP header, potentially resulting in undefin…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda HG10 formURL buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in Tenda HG10 300001138. This vulnerability affects the function formURL of the file /boaform/admin/formURL. Performing a manipulation of the argument Keywd/urlFQDN results in buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. Th…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda HG10 Boa Web Server formLogin buffer overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Tenda HG10 300001138. This issue affects the function formLogin of the file /boaform/formLogin of the component Boa Web Server. Executing a manipulation of the argument Username can lead to buffer overflow. The attack may be …
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Critical 9.9
TOTOLINK CP450 cstecgi.cgi buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK CP450 4.1.0. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. Performing a manipulation of the argument topicurl results in buffer overflow. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible.
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Critical 9.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in Shenzhen Jixiang Tengda Technology Co., Ltd. Tenda A18 v.15.13.07.09 allows a remote a…
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Critical 10.0
Tenda HG10 Boa Web Server formIPv6Routing buffer overflow
A weakness has been identified in Tenda HG10 300001138. Affected by this issue is the function formIPv6Routing of the file /boaform/admin/formIPv6Routing of the component Boa Web Server. This manipulation of the argument destNet causes buffer overflow. The at…
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Critical 9.8
Vulnerabilities in IBM AIX and PowerVM VIOS
IBM AIX 7.2, and 7.3 and IBM PowerVM VIOS 4.1 could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code due to a buffer overflow.
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Critical 9.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in SteelSeries GG (macOS) v.107.0.0 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code vi…
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Critical 9.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in SteelSeries GG (macOS) v.107.0.0 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code vi…
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Critical 9.9
Edimax EW-7478APC formWlSiteSurvey buffer overflow
A vulnerability was detected in Edimax EW-7478APC 1.04. Affected is the function formWlSiteSurvey of the file /goform/formWlSiteSurvey. Performing a manipulation of the argument selSSID results in buffer overflow. The attack is possible to be carried out remo…
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Critical 9.8
Unauthenticated Buffer Overflow in PROFINET Service
The device's PROFINET service is affected by a buffer overflow vulnerability that exists in the default configuration. An unauthenticated remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to reboot the device or execute arbitrary code.
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DWR-M961 Buffer Overflow via quicksetup.cgi
D-Link DWR-M961 devices with hardware version C1 and software version 1.1.2_C1_202602110044 contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in the quicksetup.cgi interface. A remote attacker can write overly long strings to the test4, ssid2, and username fields and e…
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DWR-M961 Buffer Overflow via app.cgi
D-Link DWR-M961 devices with hardware version C1 and software version 1.1.2_C1_202602110044 contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in the app.cgi interface. A remote attacker can write an overly long string to the netAcc.addlist[].name field and execute arbi…
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Critical 9.1
OpenSIPS: Global Buffer Overflow in construct_uri
OpenSIPS is a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) server implementation. In versions prior to 3.6.6 and 4.0.0-rc1, the construct_uri() function concatenates multiple URI components (protocol, username, domain, port, params) into a fixed 1024-byte global BSS buf…
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Critical 9.1
OpenSIPS: Buffer Overflow in Base64 Encode Transformation
OpenSIPS is a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) server implementation. Versions 3.4.0-beta through 3.6.5 and 4.0.0-beta contain a buffer overflow in the {s.b64encode} string transformation. The size check for {s.b64encode} only verifies that the input fits wi…
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Critical 9.8
A buffer overflow was addressed with improved size validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Tahoe 26.6. An app may be a…
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Critical 9.8
A buffer overflow was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.8, macOS Sequo…
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Critical 9.8
A buffer overflow was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.8, macOS Sonom…
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Critical 9.8
A buffer overflow was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.10 and iPadOS 18.7.10, i…
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Critical 9.1
Incorrect boundary conditions in the Audio/Video: Playback component
Incorrect boundary conditions in the Audio/Video: Playback component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 153 and Thunderbird 153.
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Critical 9.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in Tenda AC10 v3 (firmware V03.03.16.09) allows attackers to cause a permanent Denial of …
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Critical 9.2
CompactLogix ®, ControlLogix ®, Compact GuardLogix ® and GuardLogix ® Buffer Overflow
A denial-of-service issue exists in 5380/5480/5580 controllers boot firmware lower than version 1.072. This vulnerability could potentially allow a malicious user to write invalid file data to the controller, causing the device to enter a major non-recoverabl…
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Critical 9.2
CompactLogix ®, ControlLogix ®, Compact GuardLogix ® and GuardLogix ® Buffer Overflow
A denial-of-service issue exists in 5380/5480/5580 controllers. This vulnerability could potentially allow a malicious user to write invalid file data to the controller, causing the device to enter a major non-recoverable fault (MNRF).
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Critical 9.2
CompactLogix ®, ControlLogix ®, Compact GuardLogix ® and GuardLogix ® Buffer Overflow
A denial-of-service issue exists in 5370/5570 controllers. This vulnerability could potentially allow a remote user to load an invalid project, causing the device to enter a major non-recoverable fault (MNRF).
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Critical 9.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in OpenHTJ2K v.0.18.4 and before allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the ope…
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Critical 9.3
Electron: Buffer performs incorrect byte length calculations resulting in heap buffer under/overflow
Electron is a framework for writing cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML and CSS. From 42.3.1 until 42.3.3, Buffer performs incorrect byte length calculations resulting in heap buffer under/overflow. Most apps will crash and some may per…
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Critical 9.8
An issue was discovered in bitbank2 AnimatedGIF v2.2.0. A buffer overflow in the DecodeLZW function allows remote attac…
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Critical 9.8
Mobatek MobaXterm 12.1 Buffer Overflow via Sessions File
Mobatek MobaXterm 12.1 contains a structured exception handling (SEH) based buffer overflow vulnerability in the username field of session files that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. Attackers can craft a malicious MobaXterm sessions file wi…
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Critical 9.8
Buffer copy without checking size of input ('Classic Buffer Overflow') vulnerability in AdminCenter in Synology BeeStat…
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Critical 9.8
FastNetMon Community Edition through 1.2.9 contains a stack-based buffer overflow in the BGP NLRI (Network Layer Reacha…
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Critical 9.3
Buffer overflow for the Intel(R) Data Center Graphics Driver for VMware ESXi software before version 2.0.2 within Ring …
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DI-8100 POST Parameter url_rule.asp url_rule_asp buffer overflow
A security vulnerability has been detected in D-Link DI-8100 16.07.26A1. Affected by this vulnerability is the function url_rule_asp of the file /url_rule.asp of the component POST Parameter Handler. Such manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible …
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DI-8100 HTTP auto_reboot.asp sprintf buffer overflow
A weakness has been identified in D-Link DI-8100 16.07.26A1. Affected is the function sprintf of the file /auto_reboot.asp of the component HTTP Handler. This manipulation of the argument enable/time causes buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the atta…
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Critical 9.8
Totolink N300RH Parameter cstecgi.cgi loginauth buffer overflow
A security flaw has been discovered in Totolink N300RH 3.2.4-B20220812. Affected by this vulnerability is the function loginauth of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component Parameter Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument Password results in…
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Critical 9.8
Totolink WA300 POST Request cstecgi.cgi loginauth buffer overflow
A security flaw has been discovered in Totolink WA300 5.2cu.7112_B20190227. The affected element is the function loginauth of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument http_host results in buffer ove…