Weakness (CWE)
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Source: MITRE CWE-120
1,826 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 7.8
A CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input (Classic Buffer Overflow) vulnerability exists that could cause u…
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High 8.1
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the urvpn_client http_connection_readcb functionality of Milesigh…
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High 7.8
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input in WLAN HOST
Memory Corruption in WLAN HOST while parsing QMI response message from firmware.
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High 7.8
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input in WLAN HOST
Memory Corruption in WLAN HOST while processing WLAN FW request to allocate memory.
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High 8.8
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High 7.5
TP-Link TL-WR940N V4, TL-WR841N V8/V10, TL-WR940N V2/V3 and TL-WR941ND V5/V6 were discovered to contain a buffer overfl…
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High 7.7
TP-Link TL-WR940N V2/V3/V4, TL-WR941ND V5/V6, TL-WR743ND V1 and TL-WR841N V8 were discovered to contain a buffer overfl…
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High 7.5
Configuration defects in the secure OS module.Successful exploitation of this vulnerability will affect availability.
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High 8.8
libtiff 4.5.0 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via extractContigSamplesBytes() at /libtiff/tools/tiffcrop.c:3215.
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High 8.1
AMI BMC contains a vulnerability in the IPMI handler, where an attacker with the required privileges can cause a buffer…
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High 8.8
In Sogou Workflow v0.10.6, memcpy a negtive size in URIParser::parse , may cause buffer-overflow and crash.
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High 7.5
Controller 6000 buffer overflow via upload feature in web interface
Controller 6000 is vulnerable to a buffer overflow via the Controller diagnostic web interface upload feature. This issue affects Controller 6000: before vCR8.80.230201a, before vCR8.70.230201a, before vCR8.60.230201b, before vCR8.50.230201a, all versions of …
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High 7.5
The video framework has memory overwriting caused by addition overflow. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability m…
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High 7.5
The video framework has memory overwriting caused by addition overflow. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability m…
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High 7.5
The video framework has memory overwriting caused by addition overflow. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability m…
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High 7.5
The video framework has memory overwriting caused by addition overflow. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability m…
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High 7.5
The video framework has memory overwriting caused by addition overflow. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability m…
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High 7.5
The video framework has memory overwriting caused by addition overflow. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability m…
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High 8.8
Buffer overflow vulnerability in the multiple setting pages of SolarView Compact SV-CPT-MC310 versions prior to Ver.8.1…
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High 7.0
In Eclipse Openj9 before version 0.38.0, in the implementation of the shared cache (which is enabled by default in Open…
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High 8.6CVE-2023-20160 EPSS 11%
Cisco Small Business Series Switches Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based user interface of certain Cisco Small Business Series Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition or execute arbitrary code with root privileges on an affected…
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High 8.6
Cisco Small Business Series Switches Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based user interface of certain Cisco Small Business Series Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition or execute arbitrary code with root privileges on an affected…
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High 8.6
Cisco Small Business Series Switches Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based user interface of certain Cisco Small Business Series Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition or execute arbitrary code with root privileges on an affected…
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High 8.6CVE-2023-20161 EPSS 11%
Cisco Small Business Series Switches Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based user interface of certain Cisco Small Business Series Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition or execute arbitrary code with root privileges on an affected…
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High 8.6CVE-2023-20189 EPSS 12%
Cisco Small Business Series Switches Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based user interface of certain Cisco Small Business Series Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition or execute arbitrary code with root privileges on an affected…
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High 8.6
Cisco Small Business Series Switches Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based user interface of certain Cisco Small Business Series Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition or execute arbitrary code with root privileges on an affected…
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High 8.6
Cisco Small Business Series Switches Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based user interface of certain Cisco Small Business Series Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition or execute arbitrary code with root privileges on an affected…
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High 8.6CVE-2023-20159 EPSS 11%
Cisco Small Business Series Switches Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based user interface of certain Cisco Small Business Series Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition or execute arbitrary code with root privileges on an affected…
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High 8.6
Cisco Small Business Series Switches Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based user interface of certain Cisco Small Business Series Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition or execute arbitrary code with root privileges on an affected…
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High 8.2
Buffer overflow in some Intel(R) Server Board BMC firmware before version 2.90 may allow a privileged user to enable es…
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High 7.5
Buffer Overflow vulnerability found in En3rgy WebcamServer v.0.5.2 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of servic…
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High 7.8
Catdoc v0.95 was discovered to contain a global buffer overflow via the function process_file at /src/reader.c.
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High 7.5
A buffer overflow in the component /Enclave.cpp of Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute ShieldStore co…
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High 7.1
A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3. An app …
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High 7.8
A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3. Process…
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High 8.8
A memory initialization issue was addressed. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, macOS Monterey 12.6.4. A remote…
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High 8.8
The issue was addressed with improved bounds checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3, macOS Monterey 12.6.4, …
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High 7.8
A buffer overflow in the component /proc/ftxxxx-debug of FiiO M6 Build Number v1.0.4 allows attackers to escalate privi…
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High 7.5
A buffer overflow vulnerability in the Zyxel NBG-418N v2 firmware versions prior to V1.00(AARP.14)C0 could allow a remo…
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High 7.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability found in ByronKnoll Cmix v.19 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code and cause a de…