Weakness (CWE)
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
-
Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
-
Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
-
Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
-
Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
-
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
-
Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Source: MITRE CWE-120
782 results · Clear filters · Feed
-
Medium 4.0
Kernel subsystem in kernel_liteos_a has a kernel stack overflow vulnerability when call SysTimerGettime.
Kernel subsystem within OpenHarmony-v3.1.4 and prior versions in kernel_liteos_a has a kernel stack overflow vulnerability when call SysTimerGettime. 4 bytes padding data from kernel stack are copied to user space incorrectly and leaked.
-
Medium 4.0
Kernel subsystem in kernel_liteos_a has a kernel stack overflow vulnerability when call SysClockGettime.
Kernel subsystem within OpenHarmony-v3.1.4 and prior versions in kernel_liteos_a has a kernel stack overflow vulnerability when call SysClockGettime. 4 bytes padding data from kernel stack are copied to user space incorrectly and leaked.
-
Medium 5.5
In sprd_sysdump driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local…
-
Medium 6.3
Modbus Tools Modbus Poll mbp File mbpoll.exe buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in Modbus Tools Modbus Poll up to 9.10.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file mbpoll.exe of the component mbp File Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack…
-
Medium 6.3
Modbus Tools Modbus Slave mbs File mbslave.exe buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in Modbus Tools Modbus Slave up to 7.5.1 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file mbslave.exe of the component mbs File Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow…
-
Medium 6.7
Memory corruption in camera due to buffer copy without checking size of input in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, S…
-
Medium 6.5
Buffer Overflow in xrdp
xrdp is an open source project which provides a graphical login to remote machines using Microsoft Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). xrdp < v0.9.21 contain a buffer over flow in xrdp_login_wnd_create() function. There are no known workarounds for this issue. Use…
-
Medium 5.6
In JetBrains IntelliJ IDEA before 2022.2.4 a buffer overflow in the fsnotifier daemon on macOS was possible.
-
Medium 6.8
The appspawn and nwebspawn services were found to be vulnerable to buffer overflow vulnerability due to insufficient input validation.
The appspawn and nwebspawn services within OpenHarmony-v3.1.2 and prior versions were found to be vulnerable to buffer overflow vulnerability due to insufficient input validation. An unprivileged malicious application would be able to gain code execution with…
-
Medium 4.0
Kernel subsystem in kernel_liteos_a has a kernel stack overflow vulnerability when call SysClockGetres.
Kernel subsystem within OpenHarmony-v3.1.4 and prior versions in kernel_liteos_a has a kernel stack overflow vulnerability when call SysClockGetres. 4 bytes padding data from kernel stack are copied to user space incorrectly and leaked.
-
Medium 5.3
Multiple vulnerabilities in the Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) functionality of Cisco ATA 190 Series Analog Telep…
-
Medium 5.5
In wlan driver, there is a possible missing bounds check, This could lead to local denial of service in wlan services.
-
Medium 6.5
An integer overflow and buffer overflow issues were found in the ACPI Error Record Serialization Table (ERST) device of…
-
Medium 6.5
There is a buffer overflow vulnerability in ZTE MF286R. Due to lack of input validation on parameters of the wifi inter…
-
Medium 5.5
A buffer overflow in Synthesia before 10.7.5567, when a non-Latin locale is used, allows user-assisted attackers to cau…
-
Medium 5.6
Azure RTOS FileX vulnerable to Buffer Offerflow
Azure RTOS FileX is a FAT-compatible file system that’s fully integrated with Azure RTOS ThreadX. In versions before 6.2.0, the Fault Tolerant feature of Azure RTOS FileX includes integer under and overflows which may be exploited to achieve buffer overflow a…
-
Medium 4.4
A buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the ArubaOS command line interface. Successful exploitation of this vulnerabi…
-
Medium 6.2
Stack Buffer Overflow in iowow
IOWOW is a C utility library and persistent key/value storage engine. Versions 1.4.15 and prior contain a stack buffer overflow vulnerability that allows for Denial of Service (DOS) when it parses scientific notation numbers present in JSON. A patch for this …
-
Medium 6.8
STM32 USB Host Library Buffer Overflow
A buffer overflow vulnerability in stm32_mw_usb_host of STMicroelectronics in versions before 3.5.1 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code when the descriptor contains more endpoints than USBH_MAX_NUM_ENDPOINTS. The library is typically integrated when …
-
Medium 5.5
In sensor driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denia…
-
Medium 5.5
In sensor driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denia…
-
Medium 5.5
In sensor driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denia…
-
Medium 6.5
OTFCC commit 617837b was discovered to contain a global buffer overflow via /release-x64/otfccdump+0x718693.
-
Medium 6.3
There is an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in vmwgfx driver
An out-of-bounds(OOB) memory access vulnerability was found in vmwgfx driver in drivers/gpu/vmxgfx/vmxgfx_kms.c in GPU component in the Linux kernel with device file '/dev/dri/renderD128 (or Dxxx)'. This flaw allows a local attacker with a user account on the…
-
Medium 6.5
Realtek Linux/Android Bluetooth Mesh SDK - Buffer Overflow
Realtek Linux/Android Bluetooth Mesh SDK has a buffer overflow vulnerability due to insufficient validation for segmented packets’ link parameter. An unauthenticated attacker in the adjacent network can exploit this vulnerability to cause buffer overflow and …
-
Medium 6.5
Realtek Linux/Android Bluetooth Mesh SDK - Buffer Overflow
Realtek Linux/Android Bluetooth Mesh SDK has a buffer overflow vulnerability due to insufficient validation for the length of segmented packets’ shift parameter. An unauthenticated attacker in the adjacent network can exploit this vulnerability to cause buffe…
-
Medium 6.5
Realtek Linux/Android Bluetooth Mesh SDK - Buffer Overflow
Realtek Linux/Android Bluetooth Mesh SDK has a buffer overflow vulnerability due to insufficient validation for broadcast network packet length. An unauthenticated attacker in the adjacent network can exploit this vulnerability to disrupt service.
-
Medium 6.5
Realtek Linux/Android Bluetooth Mesh SDK - Buffer Overflow
Realtek Linux/Android Bluetooth Mesh SDK has a buffer overflow vulnerability due to insufficient validation for the size of segmented packets’ reference parameter. An unauthenticated attacker in the adjacent network can exploit this vulnerability to cause buf…
-
Medium 4.7
Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers Remote Command Execution and Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device or cause the device to restart unexp…
-
Medium 4.7
Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers Remote Command Execution and Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device or cause the device to restart unexp…
-
Medium 4.7
Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers Remote Command Execution and Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device or cause the device to restart unexp…
-
Medium 4.7
Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers Remote Command Execution and Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device or cause the device to restart unexp…
-
Medium 4.7
Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers Remote Command Execution and Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device or cause the device to restart unexp…
-
Medium 4.7
Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers Remote Command Execution and Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device or cause the device to restart unexp…
-
Medium 4.7
Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers Remote Command Execution and Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device or cause the device to restart unexp…
-
Medium 4.7
Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers Remote Command Execution and Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device or cause the device to restart unexp…
-
Medium 4.7
Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers Remote Command Execution and Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device or cause the device to restart unexp…
-
Medium 4.7
Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers Remote Command Execution and Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device or cause the device to restart unexp…
-
Medium 4.7
Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers Remote Command Execution and Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device or cause the device to restart unexp…
-
Medium 4.7
Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers Remote Command Execution and Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on an affected device or cause the device to restart unexp…