Weakness (CWE)
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
-
Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
-
Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
-
Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
-
Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
-
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
-
Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Source: MITRE CWE-120
782 results · Clear filters · Feed
-
Medium 6.9
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow'), Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overflow Variables and Tags.
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow'), Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Core Libraries) allows Overflow Variables and Tags. This issue affects Connext Professional: from 7.4.0 before 7.5.0…
-
Medium 6.6
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input (`Classic Buffer Overflow`) in Audio
Memory corruption while processing an IOCTL call to set mixer controls.
-
Medium 6.7
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input (`Classic Buffer Overflow`) in Camera
Memory corruption can occur during context user dumps due to inadequate checks on buffer length.
-
Medium 6.5
A buffer overflow was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in AirPlay audio SDK 2.7.1 and AirP…
-
Medium 5.5
Netgear JWNR2000v2 sub_41A914 buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Netgear JWNR2000v2 1.0.0.11. This affects the function sub_41A914. The manipulation of the argument host leads to buffer overflow. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not…
-
Medium 5.3
SourceCodester Phone Management System Password main buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in SourceCodester Phone Management System 1.0. This affects the function main of the component Password Handler. The manipulation of the argument s leads to buffer overflow. Local access is required to app…
-
Medium 5.3
SourceCodester Simple Hotel Booking System login buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in SourceCodester Simple Hotel Booking System 1.0. This vulnerability affects the function Login. The manipulation of the argument uname leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack on the loca…
-
Medium 4.6
Tenda AC10 V4.0si_V16.03.10.20 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in AdvSetMacMtuWan via serviceName2.
-
Medium 4.6
Tenda AC10 V4.0si_V16.03.10.20 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in AdvSetMacMtuWan via serverName2.
-
Medium 4.6
Buffer overflow vulnerability in the codec module Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect avai…
-
Medium 4.6
Buffer overflow vulnerability in the codec module Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect avai…
-
Medium 4.6
Buffer overflow vulnerability in the codec module Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect avai…
-
Medium 4.6
Buffer overflow vulnerability in the codec module Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect avai…
-
Medium 6.2
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in libheif 1.19.7 allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code via the SAO (Sample A…
-
Medium 5.5
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in gdal 3.10.2 allows a local attacker to cause a denial of service via the OGRSpatialRef…
-
Medium 6.2
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in libbpf 1.5.0 allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code via the bpf_object__ini…
-
Medium 5.5
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in compress_chunk_fuzzer with oss-fuzz on commit 16450518afddcb3139de627157208e49bfef6987…
-
Medium 5.3
code-projects Bus Reservation System Login Form login buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Bus Reservation System 1.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function Login of the component Login Form. The manipulation of the argument Str1 leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launc…
-
Medium 5.6
A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.4, macOS S…
-
Medium 5.9
An E-RAB Release Command packet containing a malformed NAS PDU will cause the Athonet MME to immediately crash, potenti…
-
Medium 4.5
A buffer copy without checking size of input ('classic buffer overflow') in Fortinet FortiMail webmail and administrati…
-
Medium 6.8
A buffer overflow in the GuitarPro1::read function of MuseScore Studio v4.3.2 allows attackers to to execute arbitrary …
-
Medium 5.9
Tenda AC9 v15.03.05.19(6318) was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the formWifiWpsOOB function.
-
Medium 6.3
HBS 3 Hybrid Backup Sync
A buffer overflow vulnerability has been reported to affect HBS 3 Hybrid Backup Sync. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow remote attackers to modify memory or crash processes. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version: HBS 3 Hyb…
-
Medium 6.5
Tenda TX3 setPptpUserList buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in Tenda TX3 16.03.13.11_multi and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /goform/setPptpUserList. The manipulation of the argument list leads to buffer overflow. The attac…
-
Medium 6.5
Tenda TX3 openSchedWifi buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda TX3 16.03.13.11_multi. Affected is an unknown function of the file /goform/openSchedWifi. The manipulation of the argument schedStartTime/schedEndTime leads to buffer overflow. It is possib…
-
Medium 6.5
Tenda TX3 SetNetControlList buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Tenda TX3 16.03.13.11_multi. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /goform/SetNetControlList. The manipulation of the argument list leads to buffer overflow. The attack may …
-
Medium 6.5
Tenda TX3 SetStaticRouteCfg buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Tenda TX3 16.03.13.11_multi. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /goform/SetStaticRouteCfg. The manipulation of the argument list leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotel…
-
Medium 6.5
Tenda TX3 setMacFilterCfg buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in Tenda TX3 16.03.13.11_multi. This affects an unknown part of the file /goform/setMacFilterCfg. The manipulation of the argument deviceList leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack…
-
Medium 5.3
Buffer overflow vulnerability exists in FutureNet AS series (Industrial Routers) and FA series (Protocol Conversion Mac…
-
Medium 5.3
rizinorg rizin pdb.c msf_stream_directory_free buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in rizinorg rizin up to 0.7.4. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function msf_stream_directory_free in the library /librz/bin/pdb/pdb.c. The manipulation of the argument -P leads to buffer overflow. Local access i…
-
Medium 5.3
SourceCodester Telecom Billing Management System Add New Record main.cpp addrecords buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Telecom Billing Management System 1.0. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function addrecords of the file main.cpp of the component Add New Record. The manipulation of the argument name/phonenumbe…
-
Medium 6.5
Tenda AC8 V16.03.34.06 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in the get_parentControl_list_Info function.
-
Medium 6.5
Tenda AC6 15.03.05.16_multi is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in the sub_452A4 function.
-
Medium 6.5
DCMTK v3.6.9+ DEV was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the component /dcmimgle/diinpxt.h.
-
Medium 5.3
A buffer overflow in DCMTK git master v3.6.9+ DEV allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted DCM…
-
Medium 5.3
GNU elfutils eu-readelf readelf.c print_string_section buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in GNU elfutils 0.192. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function dump_data_section/print_string_section of the file readelf.c of the component eu-readelf. The manipulation of the argument z/x le…
-
Medium 5.3
MicroWord eScan Antivirus USB Password sprintf buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in MicroWord eScan Antivirus 7.0.32 on Linux. It has been classified as critical. This affects the function sprintf of the component USB Password Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. An attack has to be approached loca…
-
Medium 5.3
GNU elfutils eu-readelf readelf.c process_symtab buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in GNU elfutils 0.192. This affects the function process_symtab of the file readelf.c of the component eu-readelf. The manipulation of the argument D/a leads to buffer overflow. Local access is requ…
-
Medium 4.9
A buffer overflow vulnerability was discovered in TP-Link TL-WR841ND V11 via the username and password parameters at /u…