Weakness (CWE)
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Source: MITRE CWE-120
3,303 results · Feed
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK X15 HTTP POST Request formIpv6Setup buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK X15 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /boafrm/formIpv6Setup of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK N300RH HTTP POST Message formPortFw buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK N300RH 6.1c.1390_B20191101 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formPortFw of the component HTTP POST Message Handler. The manipulation of the argument servi…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK X15 HTTP POST Request formIPv6Addr buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in TOTOLINK X15 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. Affected is an unknown function of the file /boafrm/formIPv6Addr of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads t…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK A702R/A3002R/A3002RU/EX1200T HTTP POST Request formIPv6Addr buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK A702R, A3002R, A3002RU and EX1200T 3.0.0-B20230809.1615/4.0.0-B20230531.1404/4.0.0-B20230721.1521/4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713. It has been classified as critical. Affected is an unknown function of the file /boafrm/formIPv6Add…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK A3002R/A3002RU HTTP POST Request formTmultiAP buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK A3002R and A3002RU 3.0.0-B20230809.1615/4.0.0-B20230531.1404. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formTmultiAP of the component HTTP POST Reques…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX1200T HTTP POST Request formTmultiAP buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK EX1200T 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713. It has been classified as critical. Affected is an unknown function of the file /boafrm/formTmultiAP of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url …
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High 7.8
A missing length check in `ogs_pfcp_subnet_add` function from PFCP library, used by both smf and upf in open5gs 2.7.2 a…
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High 7.1
A missing length check in `ogs_pfcp_dev_add` function from PFCP library, used by both smf and upf in open5gs 2.7.2 and …
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK X15 HTTP POST Request formTmultiAP buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK X15 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /boafrm/formTmultiAP of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url …
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK A3002R HTTP POST Request formMultiAP buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK A3002R 4.0.0-B20230531.1404. It has been classified as critical. This affects an unknown part of the file /boafrm/formMultiAP of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads t…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK A3002RU HTTP POST Request formMultiAP buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK A3002RU 3.0.0-B20230809.1615 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formMultiAP of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument su…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX1200T HTTP POST Request formMultiAP buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK EX1200T 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formMultiAP of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of th…
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High 8.2
TP-Link TL-WR940N, TL-WR841N WanSlaacCfgRpm.htm buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in TP-Link TL-WR940N V4 and TL-WR841N V11. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /userRpm/WanSlaacCfgRpm.htm, which may lead to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. This vulnerability …
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK X15 HTTP POST Request formMultiAP buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in TOTOLINK X15 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formMultiAP of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument subm…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK A3002R HTTP POST Request formSysLog buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in TOTOLINK A3002R 4.0.0-B20230531.1404. Affected is an unknown function of the file /boafrm/formSysLog of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads to buff…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK A3002RU HTTP POST Request formSysLog buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK A3002RU 3.0.0-B20230809.1615. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /boafrm/formSysLog of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-ur…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK A702R HTTP POST Request formSysLog buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK A702R 4.0.0-B20230721.1521. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /boafrm/formSysLog of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url …
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK X15 HTTP POST Request formSysLog buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK X15 1.0.0-B20230714.1105. It has been classified as critical. This affects an unknown part of the file /boafrm/formSysLog of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads to bu…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX1200T HTTP POST Request formSysLog buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK EX1200T 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formSysLog of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument s…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX1200T HTTP POST Request formSysCmd buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK EX1200T 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formSysCmd of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX1200T HTTP POST Request formNtp buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in TOTOLINK EX1200T 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713. Affected is an unknown function of the file /boafrm/formNtp of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads …
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK T10 HTTP POST Request cstecgi.cgi setWizardCfg buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in TOTOLINK T10 4.1.8cu.5207. Affected by this vulnerability is the function setWizardCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument ssid5g lea…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK T10 HTTP POST Request cstecgi.cgi setWiFiScheduleCfg buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in TOTOLINK T10 4.1.8cu.5207. Affected is the function setWiFiScheduleCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument desc leads to buffer …
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX1200T HTTP POST Request formStats buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in TOTOLINK EX1200T 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /boafrm/formStats of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX1200T HTTP POST Request formSaveConfig buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in TOTOLINK EX1200T 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /boafrm/formSaveConfig of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url lea…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX1200T HTTP POST Request formWirelessTbl buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in TOTOLINK EX1200T 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713. This affects an unknown part of the file /boafrm/formWirelessTbl of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads to…
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High 8.8
Tenda FH1203 AdvSetLanip fromadvsetlanip buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda FH1203 2.0.1.6. Affected is the function fromadvsetlanip of the file /goform/AdvSetLanip. The manipulation of the argument lanMask leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the att…
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High 8.8
Tenda FH1205 AdvSetLanip fromadvsetlanip buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Tenda FH1205 2.0.0.7. This issue affects the function fromadvsetlanip of the file /goform/AdvSetLanip. The manipulation of the argument lanMask leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be in…
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Critical 9.8
UTT 进取 750W API setSysAdm strcpy buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in UTT 进取 750W up to 5.0. It has been classified as critical. This affects the function strcpy of the file /goform/setSysAdm of the component API. The manipulation of the argument passwd1 leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to i…
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High 8.8
H3C GR-3000AX aspForm UpdateIpv6Params buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in H3C GR-3000AX V100R007L50. It has been classified as critical. Affected is the function UpdateWanParamsMulti/UpdateIpv6Params of the file /routing/goform/aspForm. The manipulation of the argument param leads to buffer overflow. It…
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High 8.8
H3C GR-5400AX aspForm UpdateIpv6params buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in H3C GR-5400AX V100R009L50 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function UpdateWanparamsMulti/UpdateIpv6params of the file /routing/goform/aspForm. The manipulation of the argument param leads to buffer overflow. The …
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Critical 9.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in TOTOLINK N600R v4.3.0cu.7866_B2022506 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary co…
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High 7.5
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in Tenda AC6 v.15.03.05.16 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via the …
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX1200T HTTP POST Request formDMZ buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK EX1200T up to 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formDMZ of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation leads to buffe…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX1200T HTTP POST Request formWsc buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK EX1200T up to 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formWsc of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation lea…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX1200T HTTP POST Request formReflashClientTbl buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in TOTOLINK EX1200T up to 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713. Affected is an unknown function of the file /boafrm/formReflashClientTbl of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation leads to buffe…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX1200T HTTP POST Request formIpQoS buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in TOTOLINK EX1200T up to 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /boafrm/formIpQoS of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation leads to …
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK EX1200T HTTP POST Request formFilter buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in TOTOLINK EX1200T up to 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /boafrm/formFilter of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. Th…
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High 8.8CVE-2025-5905 EPSS 12%
TOTOLINK T10 POST Request cstecgi.cgi setWiFiRepeaterCfg buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK T10 4.1.8cu.5207. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function setWiFiRepeaterCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument Password …
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High 8.8CVE-2025-5904 EPSS 12%
TOTOLINK T10 POST Request cstecgi.cgi setWiFiMeshName buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK T10 4.1.8cu.5207. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function setWiFiMeshName of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument d…