Weakness (CWE)
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Source: MITRE CWE-120
3,303 results · Feed
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High 8.8
Netgear JWNR2000v2 check_language_file buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in Netgear JWNR2000v2 1.0.0.11. Affected is the function check_language_file. The manipulation of the argument host leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The vendor was co…
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High 7.3
PCMan FTP Server RENAME Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in PCMan FTP Server up to 2.0.7. Affected is an unknown function of the component RENAME Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK N150RT formWsc buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK N150RT 3.4.0-B20190525 and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /boafrm/formWsc. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated …
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK N150RT formWlwds buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK N150RT 3.4.0-B20190525 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /boafrm/formWlwds. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be initia…
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK N150RT formWdsEncrypt buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in TOTOLINK N150RT 3.4.0-B20190525. This affects an unknown part of the file /boafrm/formWdsEncrypt. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate …
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK N150RT formVlan buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in TOTOLINK N150RT 3.4.0-B20190525. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formVlan. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads to buffer overflow. The …
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK N150RT formStaticDHCP buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in TOTOLINK N150RT 3.4.0-B20190525. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /boafrm/formStaticDHCP. The manipulation of the argument Hostname leads to buffer overflow. The attack …
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High 8.8
TOTOLINK N150RT formPortFw buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in TOTOLINK N150RT 3.4.0-B20190525. Affected is an unknown function of the file /boafrm/formPortFw. The manipulation of the argument service_type leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the atta…
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High 8.0
GL.iNet GL-A1300 Slate Plus RPC plugins.so buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in GL.iNet GL-A1300 Slate Plus, GL-AR300M16 Shadow, GL-AR300M Shadow, GL-AR750 Creta, GL-AR750S-EXT Slate, GL-AX1800 Flint, GL-AXT1800 Slate AX, GL-B1300 Convexa-B, GL-B3000 Marble, GL-BE3600 Slate 7, GL-E…
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High 7.7
Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution
An unauthenticated attacker on the WAN interface, with the ability to intercept Dynamic DNS (DDNS) traffic between DDNS services and the modem, could manipulate specific responses to include code that forces a buffer overflow on the modem. Customers that have…
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High 7.7
SNORE Interface Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution
The device exposes a web interface on ports TCP/3030 and TCP/9882. This web service runs lighttpd, which implements the “SNORE” interface. This interface is affected by a stack buffer overflow vulnerability due to insecure path parsing. An attacker with acces…
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High 7.8
Xfig: xfig: stack-overflow allows possible code execution via local input manipulation
A flaw was found in xfig. This vulnerability allows possible code execution via local input manipulation via bezier_spline function.
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High 7.3
TOTOLINK A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, A950RG V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903, A3000RU V5.9c.5185_B20201128, and A3100R V4.1.2…
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High 7.3
TOTOLINK A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026 was found to contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in the downloadFile.cgi thr…
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High 7.3
TOTOLINK A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026 was found to contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in downloadFile.cgi through…
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High 7.3
TOTOLINK A800R V4.1.2cu.5137_B20200730 was found to contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in downloadFile.cgi through…
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High 7.3
TOTOLINK A800R V4.1.2cu.5137_B20200730 was found to contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in downloadFile.cgi through…
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High 7.3
TOTOLINK A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, A950RG V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903, A3000RU V5.9c.5185_B20201128, and A3100R V4.1.2…
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High 7.3
TOTOLINK A800R V4.1.2cu.5137_B20200730 was found to contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in the downloadFile.cgi com…
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High 8.0
H3C GR-3000AX HTTP POST Request aspForm Edit_List_SSID buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in H3C GR-3000AX up to V100R006. Affected is the function EnableIpv6/UpdateWanModeMulti/UpdateIpv6Params/EditWlanMacList/Edit_List_SSID of the file /goform/aspForm of the component HTTP POST Request…
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Critical 9.8
TOTOLINK A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026 was found to contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in the cstecgi.cgi
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High 7.3
markparticle WebServer buffer.cpp HasWritten buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in markparticle WebServer up to 1.0. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function Buffer::HasWritten of the file code/buffer/buffer.cpp. The manipulation of the argument writePos_ leads to buffer o…
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High 8.8
Tenda AC15 WifiExtraSet fromSetWirelessRepeat buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC15 up to 15.03.05.19 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function fromSetWirelessRepeat of the file /goform/WifiExtraSet. The manipulation of the argument mac leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be init…
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High 7.8
A buffer overflow vulnerability in Astrolog v7.70 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a Denial of Servi…
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Medium 5.3
SourceCodester Phone Management System Password main buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in SourceCodester Phone Management System 1.0. This affects the function main of the component Password Handler. The manipulation of the argument s leads to buffer overflow. Local access is required to app…
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High 7.3
PCMan FTP Server MPUT Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component MPUT Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The…
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Critical 9.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability inALFA WiFi CampPro router ALFA_CAMPRO-co-2.29 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitr…
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Critical 9.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in Netgear- R61 router V1.0.1.28 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via t…
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Critical 9.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability inALFA WiFi CampPro router ALFA_CAMPRO-co-2.29 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitr…
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Critical 9.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in ALFA_CAMPRO-co-2.29 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the newap_t…
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Medium 5.3
SourceCodester Simple Hotel Booking System login buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in SourceCodester Simple Hotel Booking System 1.0. This vulnerability affects the function Login. The manipulation of the argument uname leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack on the loca…
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High 7.3
PCMan FTP Server STATUS Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7. This affects an unknown part of the component STATUS Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has b…
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High 7.3
PCMan FTP Server CD Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component CD Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The e…
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High 7.3
PCMan FTP Server MIC Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component MIC Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remot…
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High 7.3
PCMan FTP Server DIR Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7. It has been classified as critical. Affected is an unknown function of the component DIR Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit…
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High 7.3
PCMan FTP Server MDTM Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7 and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component MDTM Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has …
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High 7.3
PCMan FTP Server SIZE Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component SIZE Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit …
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High 7.3
PCMan FTP Server PASV Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7. It has been classified as critical. This affects an unknown part of the component PASV Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit…
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High 7.3
PCMan FTP Server MODE Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component MODE Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exp…
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High 7.3
PCMan FTP Server LANG Command buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in PCMan FTP Server 2.0.7 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component LANG Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remote…