Weakness (CWE)
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
-
Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
-
Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
-
Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
-
Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
-
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
-
Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Source: MITRE CWE-120
3,303 results · Feed
-
Medium 6.7
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input (`Classic Buffer Overflow`) in Performance
Memory corruption while parsing IPC frequency table parameters for LPLH that has size greater than expected size.
-
Medium 6.5
The issue was addressed with improved bounds checks. This issue is fixed in iOS 17.7.1 and iPadOS 17.7.1, iOS 18.1 and …
-
Medium 6.5
The issue was addressed with improved bounds checks. This issue is fixed in iOS 17.7.1 and iPadOS 17.7.1, iOS 18.1 and …
-
Medium 6.5
The issue was addressed with improved bounds checks. This issue is fixed in iOS 17.7.1 and iPadOS 17.7.1, iOS 18.1 and …
-
Medium 6.5
An issue in the Bluetooth Low Energy implementation of Cypress Bluetooth SDK v3.66 allows attackers to cause a Denial o…
-
Medium 5.3
SourceCodester Airport Booking Management System details buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Airport Booking Management System 1.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function Details. The manipulation of the argument passport/name leads to buffer overflow. The attack needs to be appro…
-
High 7.8
Autodesk AutoCAD DWG File Parsing Memory Corruption Code Execution Vulnerability
A maliciously crafted DWG file when parsed in acdb25.dll through Autodesk AutoCAD can force a Memory Corruption vulnerability. A malicious actor can leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash, write sensitive data, or execute arbitrary code in the context o…
-
High 7.8
Autodesk AutoCAD CATPART File Parsing Memory Corruption Code Execution Vulnerability
A maliciously crafted CATPART file when parsed in AcTranslators.exe through Autodesk AutoCAD can force a Memory Corruption vulnerability. A malicious actor can leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash, write sensitive data, or execute arbitrary code in th…
-
Critical 9.8
Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 131, Firefox ESR 128.3, and Thunderbird 128.3. Some of these bugs showed evidence…
-
Medium 5.5
A buffer overflow was addressed with improved size validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 17.7.1 and iPadOS 17.7.1, iOS…
-
High 7.8
This issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in iOS 17.7.1 and iPadOS 17.7.1, iOS 18.1 and iPadOS…
-
High 7.5
The Spotify app 8.9.58 for iOS has a buffer overflow in its use of strcat.
-
Medium 6.3
SourceCodester Payroll Management System main login buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in SourceCodester Payroll Management System 1.0. This affects the function login of the file main. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
-
Medium 5.5
A heap-buffer-overflow vulnerability has been identified in the OpenDDLParser::parseStructure function within the Assim…
-
Medium 5.5
A segmentation fault (SEGV) was detected in the Assimp::SplitLargeMeshesProcess_Triangle::UpdateNode function within th…
-
Medium 6.2
A segmentation fault (SEGV) was detected in the SortByPTypeProcess::Execute function in the Assimp library during fuzz …
-
Critical 9.8
HTMLDOC v1.9.18 contains a buffer overflow in parse_pre function,ps-pdf.cxx:5681.
-
Critical 9.8
Buffer Overflow in coap_msg.c in FreeCoAP allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of servic…
-
High 7.5
Incorrect Access Control in GStreamer RTSP server 1.25.0 in gst-rtsp-server/rtsp-media.c allows remote attackers to cau…
-
Medium 5.5
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in IrfanView 32bit v.4.66 allows a local attacker to cause a denial of service via a craf…
-
Critical 9.6
A Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the local_app_set_router_wan function of Vilo 5 Mesh WiFi System <= 5.16.1.33 allows…
-
Critical 9.6
A Buffer Overflow in the Boa webserver of Vilo 5 Mesh WiFi System <= 5.16.1.33 allows remote, unauthenticated attackers…
-
Critical 9.6
A Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the local_app_set_router_wifi_SSID_PWD function of Vilo 5 Mesh WiFi System <= 5.16.1…
-
Critical 9.6
A Buffer Overflow vulnerabilty in the local_app_set_router_token function of Vilo 5 Mesh WiFi System <= 5.16.1.33 allow…
-
High 8.1CVE-2024-33453 Public exploit
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in esp-idf v.5.1 allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information via the externa…
-
High 7.5
Vulnerability in the Oracle WebLogic Server product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Console). Supported version…
-
Medium 6.5
In TP-Link TL-WDR7660 1.0, the rtRuleJsonToBin function handles the parameter string name without checking it, which ca…
-
Medium 6.5
In TP-Link TL-WDR7660 1.0, the wacWhitelistJsonToBin function handles the parameter string name without checking it, wh…
-
Medium 6.5
In TP-Link TL-WDR7660 1.0, the wlanTimerRuleJsonToBin function handles the parameter string name without checking it, w…
-
Medium 6.5
In TP-Link TL-WDR7660 v1.0, the guestRuleJsonToBin function handles the parameter string name without checking it, whic…
-
Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR-820L 1.05B03 has a stack overflow vulnerability in the sub_451208 function.
-
High 8.8
D-Link DIR-619L B1 formVirtualServ buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in D-Link DIR-619L B1 2.06. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formVirtualServ of the file /goform/formVirtualServ. The manipulation of the argument curTime leads to buffer overflow. The attack can …
-
High 8.8
D-Link DIR-619L B1 formSetWizardSelectMode buffer overflow
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in D-Link DIR-619L B1 2.06. Affected is the function formSetWizardSelectMode of the file /goform/formSetWizardSelectMode. The manipulation of the argument curTime leads to buffer overflow. It is possible t…
-
High 8.8
D-Link DIR-619L B1 formSetRoute buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-619L B1 2.06. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function formSetRoute of the file /goform/formSetRoute. The manipulation of the argument curTime leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated …
-
High 8.8
D-Link DIR-619L B1 formSetQoS buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-619L B1 2.06. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function formSetQoS of the file /goform/formSetQoS. The manipulation of the argument curTime leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be ini…
-
High 8.8
D-Link DIR-619L B1 formSetPortTr buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-619L B1 2.06. It has been classified as critical. This affects the function formSetPortTr of the file /goform/formSetPortTr. The manipulation of the argument curTime leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate …
-
High 8.8
D-Link DIR-619L B1 formSetPassword buffer overflow
A vulnerability was found in D-Link DIR-619L B1 2.06 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function formSetPassword of the file /goform/formSetPassword. The manipulation of the argument curTime leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be l…
-
High 8.8
D-Link DIR-619L B1 formSetMuti buffer overflow
A vulnerability has been found in D-Link DIR-619L B1 2.06 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formSetMuti of the file /goform/formSetMuti. The manipulation of the argument curTime leads to buffer overflow. The attack can…
-
Medium 5.5
D-Link DIR-619L B1 formSetMACFilter buffer overflow
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in D-Link DIR-619L B1 2.06. Affected is the function formSetMACFilter of the file /goform/formSetMACFilter. The manipulation of the argument curTime leads to buffer overflow. The exploit has been di…
-
Medium 5.5
A stack buffer overflow was addressed through improved input validation. This issue is fixed in Apple TV 1.5.0.152 for …