Weakness (CWE)
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Source: MITRE CWE-120
3,303 results · Feed
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High 8.1
Multimedia Console
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect QNAP operating systems. If exploited, the vulnerability possibly allows remote users to execute code via unspecified vectors. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the…
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High 8.1
QTS
A buffer copy without checking size of input vulnerability has been reported to affect QNAP operating system. If exploited, the vulnerability possibly allows remote users to execute code via unspecified vectors. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the …
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High 8.8
Buffer Overflow in WebGL glGetProgramiv
Due to large allocation checks in Angle for glsl shaders being too lenient a buffer overflow could have occurred when allocating too much private shader memory on mac OS. *This bug only affects Firefox on macOS. Other operating systems are unaffected.* This v…
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High 7.8CVE-2023-39063 Public exploit
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in RaidenFTPD 2.4.4005 allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code via the Server n…
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High 7.5
hutool Buffer Overflow vulnerability
hutool v5.8.21 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the component JSONUtil.parse().
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Critical 9.8
hutool Buffer Overflow vulnerability
hutool v5.8.21 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the component jsonArray.
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Critical 9.8
hutool Buffer Overflow vulnerability
hutool v5.8.21 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the component jsonObject.putByPath.
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High 7.8
A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 16.6.1 and iPadOS 16.6.…
KEV Sep 11, 2023 -
High 7.8
A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3. An app …
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High 7.8
A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3. An app …
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High 7.8
A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3. An app …
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High 7.8
A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3. An app …
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High 7.8
A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3. An app …
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High 7.8
A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3. An app …
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High 7.8
A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3. An app …
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High 7.8
A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.3. An app …
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Critical 9.8
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input in QESL
Memory corruption while handling payloads from remote ESL.
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High 7.8
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input in WLAN HAL
Memory corruption in WLAN HAL while processing devIndex from untrusted WMI payload.
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High 7.8
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input in WLAN HAL
Memory corruption in WLAN FW while processing command parameters from untrusted WMI payload.
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High 7.8
Buffer Copy without Checking the Size of Input in WLAN Firmware
Memory corruption in WLAN while sending transmit command from HLOS to UTF handlers.
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High 7.8
Buffer Copy without Checking the Size of Input(Classic Buffer Overflow) in Core Platform
Memory Corruption in Core Platform while printing the response buffer in log.
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High 7.8
Buffer Copy without Checking the Size of Input(Classic Buffer Overflow) in Core Platform
Memory corruption in Core Platform while printing the response buffer in log.
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Medium 4.3
FreeRDP Global-Buffer-Overflow in ncrush_decompress
FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), released under the Apache license. In affected versions there is a Global-Buffer-Overflow in the ncrush_decompress function. Feeding crafted input into this function can trigger the overfl…
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Medium 4.4
Possible buffer overflow in portcfgfportbuffers in Brocade Fabric OS
In Brocade Fabric OS before v9.2.0a, a local authenticated privileged user can trigger a buffer overflow condition, leading to a kernel panic with large input to buffers in the portcfgfportbuffers command.
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Medium 5.3
On affected platforms running Arista EOS with VXLAN configured, malformed or truncated packets received over a VXLAN tunnel and forwarded in hardware can cause egress ports to be unable to forward packets
On affected platforms running Arista EOS with VXLAN configured, malformed or truncated packets received over a VXLAN tunnel and forwarded in hardware can cause egress ports to be unable to forward packets. The device will continue to be susceptible to the iss…
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Medium 5.5
Notepad++ heap buffer read overflow in FileManager::detectLanguageFromTextBegining
Notepad++ is a free and open-source source code editor. Versions 8.5.6 and prior are vulnerable to heap buffer read overflow in `FileManager::detectLanguageFromTextBegining `. The exploitability of this issue is not clear. Potentially, it may be used to leak …
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Medium 5.5
Notepad++ global buffer read overflow in nsCodingStateMachine::NextState
Notepad++ is a free and open-source source code editor. Versions 8.5.6 and prior are vulnerable to global buffer read overflow in `nsCodingStateMachine::NextStater`. The exploitability of this issue is not clear. Potentially, it may be used to leak internal m…
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Medium 5.5
Notepad++ global buffer read overflow in CharDistributionAnalysis::HandleOneChar
Notepad++ is a free and open-source source code editor. Versions 8.5.6 and prior are vulnerable to global buffer read overflow in `CharDistributionAnalysis::HandleOneChar`. The exploitability of this issue is not clear. Potentially, it may be used to leak int…
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High 7.8CVE-2023-40031 Public exploit
Notepad++ vulnerable to heap buffer write overflow in Utf8_16_Read::convert
Notepad++ is a free and open-source source code editor. Versions 8.5.6 and prior are vulnerable to heap buffer write overflow in `Utf8_16_Read::convert`. This issue may lead to arbitrary code execution. As of time of publication, no known patches are availabl…
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Medium 6.7
A potential vulnerability was discovered in LCFC BIOS for some Lenovo consumer notebook models that could allow a local…
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High 7.1
A vulnerability in TACACS+ and RADIUS remote authentication for Cisco NX-OS Software could allow an unauthenticated, lo…
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Critical 9.8
Second Stage Gecko Bootloader GBL Parser Buffer Overrun Vulnerability
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow'), Out-of-bounds Write, Download of Code Without Integrity Check vulnerability in Silicon Labs Gecko Bootloader on ARM (Firmware Update File Parser modules) allows Code Injection, Authentica…
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High 7.8
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in function LoadPixelDataRLE8 in PluginBMP.cpp in FreeImage 3.18.0 allows remote attacker…
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Low 3.3
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in function LoadRGB in PluginDDS.cpp in FreeImage 3.18.0 allows remote attackers to run a…
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Medium 6.5
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in FreeImage_Load function in FreeImage Library 3.19.0(r1828) allows attackers to cuase a…
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High 8.8
Buffer overflow vulnerability exists in ELECOM wireless LAN routers, which may allow an unauthenticated attacker to exe…
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR-868L fw_revA_1-12_eu_multi_20170316 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the param_2 parameter in…
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Medium 6.7
A buffer overflow has been identified in the SetupUtility driver in some Lenovo Notebook products which may allow an at…
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Medium 6.7
A buffer overflow has been identified in the BoardUpdateAcpiDxe driver in some Lenovo ThinkPad products which may allow…
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Medium 6.7
A buffer overflow has been identified in the SystemUserMasterHddPwdDxe driver in some Lenovo Notebook products which ma…