Weakness (CWE)
CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Requirements
Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Implementation
Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Operation
Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Source: MITRE CWE-120
3,303 results · Feed
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High 7.5
Tenda AC6V1.0 V15.03.05.19 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the time parameter in the fromSetSysTime fun…
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High 7.5
Tenda AC6V1.0 V15.03.05.19 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the time parameter in the setSmartPowerManag…
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High 7.5
Tenda AC6V1.0 V15.03.05.19 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the ssid parameter in the form_fast_setting_…
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High 7.5
Tenda AC6V1.0 V15.03.05.19 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the list parameter in the fromSetIpMacBind f…
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High 7.5
Tenda AC6V1.0 V15.03.05.19 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the endIp parameter in the formSetPPTPServer…
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High 7.5
Tenda i22 V1.0.0.3(4687) was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the index parameter in the formWifiMacFilterSe…
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Critical 9.1
Tenda AC6V1.0 V15.03.05.19 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the list parameter in the formSetVirtualSer …
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High 7.5
Tenda i22 V1.0.0.3(4687) was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the ping1 parameter in the formSetAutoPing fun…
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High 7.5
Tenda AC6V1.0 V15.03.05.19 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the wpapsk_crypto parameter in the fromSetWi…
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High 7.5
Tenda AC6V1.0 V15.03.05.19 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the page parameter in the fromNatStaticSetti…
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High 7.5
Tenda i22 V1.0.0.3(4687) was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the appData parameter in the formSetAppFilterR…
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High 7.5
Tenda AC6V1.0 V15.03.05.19 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the deviceId parameter in the formSetClientS…
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High 7.5
Tenda AC6V1.0 V15.03.05.19 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the firewallEn parameter in the formSetFirew…
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High 7.5
Tenda AC6V1.0 V15.03.05.19 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the limitSpeedUp parameter in the formSetCli…
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High 7.5
Tenda AC6V1.0 V15.03.05.19 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the devName parameter in the formSetDeviceNa…
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Medium 6.5
An integer overflow and buffer overflow issues were found in the ACPI Error Record Serialization Table (ERST) device of…
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Critical 9.8
AVS Audio Converter 10.3 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow.
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Medium 6.5
There is a buffer overflow vulnerability in ZTE MF286R. Due to lack of input validation on parameters of the wifi inter…
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC18 V15.03.05.19 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function addWifiMacFilter.
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC18 V15.03.05.19 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function fromSetRouteStatic.
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC18 V15.03.05.19 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function formSetWifiGuestBasic.
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC18 V15.03.05.19 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function formWifiWpsStart.
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC18 V15.03.05.19 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function R7WebsSecurityHandler.
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC18 V15.03.05.19 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function formSetMacFilterCfg.
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC18 V15.03.05.19 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow. via function formWifiWpsOOB.
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC18 V15.03.05.05 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function formSetDeviceName.
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Critical 9.8
Tenda AC18 V15.03.05.19 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via function form_fast_setting_wifi_set.
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Critical 9.8
D-Link DIR3060 DIR3060A1_FW111B04.bin is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow.
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High 7.1
Buffer overflow in `CONV_3D_TRANSPOSE` on TFLite
TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. The reference kernel of the `CONV_3D_TRANSPOSE` TensorFlow Lite operator wrongly increments the data_ptr when adding the bias to the result. Instead of `data_ptr += num_channels;` it should be `data_…
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Medium 5.5
A buffer overflow in Synthesia before 10.7.5567, when a non-Latin locale is used, allows user-assisted attackers to cau…
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High 8.4
Memory corruption in graphics due to buffer overflow while validating the user address in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon C…
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High 8.1CVE-2022-0324 Public exploit
Buffer Overflow in Dhcp6relay in Software for Open Networking in the Cloud (SONiC)
There is a vulnerability in DHCPv6 packet parsing code that could be explored by remote attacker to craft a packet that could cause buffer overflow in a memcpy call, leading to out-of-bounds memory write that would cause dhcp6relay to crash. Dhcp6relay is a c…
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High 7.7
A vulnerability in the SSL/TLS client of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Firepower Threat De…
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Critical 9.1
WAGO I/O-Check Service prone to Memory Overflow
In WAGO I/O-Check Service in multiple products an unauthenticated remote attacker can send a specially crafted packet containing OS commands to crash the iocheck process and write memory resulting in loss of integrity and DoS.
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Critical 9.8
Buffer overflow vulnerability in CLUSTERPRO X 5.0 for Windows and earlier, EXPRESSCLUSTER X 5.0 for Windows and earlier…
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High 7.0
sysstat Incorrect Buffer Size calculation on 32-bit systems results in RCE via buffer overflow
sysstat is a set of system performance tools for the Linux operating system. On 32 bit systems, in versions 9.1.16 and newer but prior to 12.7.1, allocate_structures contains a size_t overflow in sa_common.c. The allocate_structures function insufficiently ch…
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Medium 5.6
Azure RTOS FileX vulnerable to Buffer Offerflow
Azure RTOS FileX is a FAT-compatible file system that’s fully integrated with Azure RTOS ThreadX. In versions before 6.2.0, the Fault Tolerant feature of Azure RTOS FileX includes integer under and overflows which may be exploited to achieve buffer overflow a…
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High 7.5CVE-2022-43343 Public exploit
N-Prolog v1.91 was discovered to contain a global buffer overflow vulnerability in the function gettoken() at Main.c.
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High 7.8
A buffer overflow was discovered in NTFS-3G before 2022.10.3. Crafted metadata in an NTFS image can cause code executio…
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Critical 9.8
Azure RTOS USBX vulnerable to buffer overflow
Azure RTOS USBX is a USB host, device, and on-the-go (OTG) embedded stack, that is fully integrated with Azure RTOS ThreadX. Prior to version 6.1.12, the USB DFU UPLOAD functionality may be utilized to introduce a buffer overflow resulting in overwrite of mem…