Weakness (CWE)
CWE-121: Stack-based Buffer Overflow
The product writes past the end of a buffer that was allocated on the stack.
How to prevent it (5 mitigations)
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
-
Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
-
Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
-
Implementation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Source: MITRE CWE-121
4,196 results · Feed
-
High 7.2
Authenticated Stack-Based Buffer Overflow in PAPI Services
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in several underlying management service components accessed through the command-line interface of the AOS-8 and AOS-10 Operating Systems. An authenticated attacker with administrative privileges could exploit…
-
High 7.2
Authenticated Stack-Based Buffer Overflow in PAPI Services
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in several underlying management service components accessed through the command-line interface of the AOS-8 and AOS-10 Operating Systems. An authenticated attacker with administrative privileges could exploit…
-
High 7.2
Authenticated Stack-Based Buffer Overflow in PAPI Services
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in several underlying management service components accessed through the command-line interface of the AOS-8 and AOS-10 Operating Systems. An authenticated attacker with administrative privileges could exploit…
-
High 7.2
Authenticated Stack-Based Buffer Overflow in PAPI Services
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in several underlying management service components accessed through the command-line interface of the AOS-8 and AOS-10 Operating Systems. An authenticated attacker with administrative privileges could exploit…
-
High 7.2
Authenticated Stack-Based Buffer Overflow in PAPI Services
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in several underlying management service components accessed through the command-line interface of the AOS-8 and AOS-10 Operating Systems. An authenticated attacker with administrative privileges could exploit…
-
Critical 9.8
Windows Netlogon Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Stack-based buffer overflow in Windows Netlogon allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
-
High 7.8
Windows TCP/IP Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows TCP/IP allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 7.8
A vulnerability has been identified in Solid Edge SE2026 (All versions < V226.0 Update 5). The affected applications co…
-
High 7.5
A buffer overflow was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.7, macOS Tahoe…
-
Medium 6.2
A buffer overflow was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.9 and iPadOS 18.7.9, iO…
-
High 7.5
A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.10 and iPadOS 18.7…
-
High 7.5
A buffer overflow was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.9 and iPadOS 18.7.9, iOS…
-
Medium 5.5
ImageMagick: Stack buffer overflow in XTileImage
ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to 7.1.2-21 and 6.9.13-46, a malicious MIFF file could trigger an overflow when a user opens it in the display tool and right-clicks a tile to invoke the Load…
-
Medium 5.3
Squirrel sqstdstring.cpp validate_format stack-based overflow
A flaw has been found in Squirrel up to 3.2. Impacted is the function validate_format in the library sqstdlib/sqstdstring.cpp. Executing a manipulation can lead to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can only be executed locally. The exploit has been publ…
-
High 8.8
EFM ipTIME A8004T WifiBasicSet formWifiBasicSet stack-based overflow
A security vulnerability has been detected in EFM ipTIME A8004T 14.18.2. This vulnerability affects the function formWifiBasicSet of the file /goform/WifiBasicSet. The manipulation of the argument security_5g leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack m…
-
High 8.1
PgBouncer buffer overflow in SCRAM
The SCRAM code in PgBouncer before 1.25.2 did not check the return value of strlcat() correctly when building the contents of the SCRAM client-final-message. A malicious backend that sends a SCRAM server-final-message with a long nonce can trigger a stack ove…
-
Medium 6.9
Integer underflow in crypto_sign_open() leads to buffer overflow
CROSS implementation contains reference and optimized implementations of the CROSS post-quantum signature algorithm. Prior to commit fc6b7e7, there is a buffer overflow in crypto_sign_open() caused by an underflow of the integer mlen. This issue has been patc…
-
Critical 9.8
libceph: define and enforce CEPH_MAX_KEY_LEN
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: libceph: define and enforce CEPH_MAX_KEY_LEN When decoding the key, verify that the key material would fit into a fixed-size buffer in process_auth_done() and generally has a sane length. The…
-
High 8.8
Tenda CX12L SetPptpServerCfg” formSetPPTPServer stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was found in Tenda CX12L 16.03.53.12. This issue affects the function formSetPPTPServer of the file /goform/SetPptpServerCfg”. The manipulation results in stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been m…
-
High 8.2
nanoMODBUS through v1.22.0 has a stack-based buffer overflow in recv_read_registers_res() in nanomodbus.c. When a clien…
-
High 7.5
An issue was discovered in kosma minmea 0.3.0. The minmea_scan functions format specifier copies NMEA field data to a c…
-
High 7.1
Stack-based Buffer Overflow in WatchGuard Agent Discovery Service on Windows Causes Denial of Service - Variant B
Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the WatchGuard Agent discovery service on Windows allows Overflow Buffers. An unauthenticated attacker on the same local network could exploit this vulnerability to crash the agent service.
-
High 7.1
Stack-based Buffer Overflow in WatchGuard Agent Discovery Service on Windows Causes Denial of Service - Variant A
Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the WatchGuard Agent discovery service on Windows allows Overflow Buffers. An unauthenticated attacker on the same local network could exploit this vulnerability to crash the agent service.
-
High 8.8
Sandboxie-Plus NamedPipeServer OpenHandler stack overflow via unterminated server field
Sandboxie-Plus is an open source sandbox-based isolation software for Windows. In versions 1.17.2 and earlier, NamedPipeServer::OpenHandler copies the server field from NAMED_PIPE_OPEN_REQ into a fixed WCHAR pipename[160] stack buffer using wcscat without ver…
-
High 7.3
Sandboxie-Plus ProcessServer boxname stack buffer overflows via unterminated wide string copy
Sandboxie-Plus is an open source sandbox-based isolation software for Windows. In versions 1.17.2 and earlier, several ProcessServer handlers (KillAllHandler, SuspendAllHandler, and RunSandboxedHandler) copy a WCHAR boxname[34] field from request structures i…
-
High 7.3
Sandboxie-Plus SbieIniServer RunSbieCtrl stack buffer overflow allows local privilege escalation
Sandboxie-Plus is an open source sandbox-based isolation software for Windows. In versions 1.17.2 and earlier, the SbieIniServer RunSbieCtrl handler contains a stack buffer overflow. The MSGID_SBIE_INI_RUN_SBIE_CTRL message is handled before normal sandbox an…
-
High 8.8
Sandboxie-Plus sandbox escape via uninitialized memory leak and stack overflow in GetRawInputDeviceInfoSlave
Sandboxie-Plus is an open source sandbox-based isolation software for Windows. In versions 1.17.2 and earlier, the SbieSvc proxy service's GetRawInputDeviceInfoSlave handler contains two vulnerabilities that can be chained for sandbox escape. First, when a sa…
-
High 7.2
D-Link DI-8100 yyxz.asp sprintf stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was identified in D-Link DI-8100 16.07.26A1. This affects the function sprintf of the file yyxz.asp. The manipulation of the argument ID leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit is pu…
-
Critical 9.8
EFM ipTIME NAS1dual misc_main.cgi get_csrf_whites stack-based overflow
A security vulnerability has been detected in EFM ipTIME NAS1dual 1.5.24. This issue affects the function get_csrf_whites of the file /cgi/advanced/misc_main.cgi. Such manipulation leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The…
-
High 8.3
WDR201A WiFi Extender Stack-Based Buffer Overflow via firewall.cgi
WDR201A WiFi Extender (HW V2.1, FW LFMZX28040922V1.02) contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the firewall.cgi and makeRequest.cgi binaries that allows unauthenticated attackers to overwrite the saved return address by sending a POST request …
-
Critical 9.8
ip6_tunnel: clear skb2->cb[] in ip4ip6_err()
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ip6_tunnel: clear skb2->cb[] in ip4ip6_err() Oskar Kjos reported the following problem. ip4ip6_err() calls icmp_send() on a cloned skb whose cb[] was written by the IPv6 receive path as struc…
-
High 7.8
Bluetooth: hci_sync: fix stack buffer overflow in hci_le_big_create_sync
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: hci_sync: fix stack buffer overflow in hci_le_big_create_sync hci_le_big_create_sync() uses DEFINE_FLEX to allocate a struct hci_cp_le_big_create_sync on the stack with room for 0x…
-
Critical 10.0
JS8Call through 2.3.1 and JS8Call-improved before 3.0 have a stack-based buffer overflow via a radio transmission of @A…
-
Critical 9.8
Totolink NR1800X lighttpd find_host_ip stack-based overflow
A security vulnerability has been detected in Totolink NR1800X 9.1.0u.6279_B20210910. The impacted element is the function find_host_ip of the component lighttpd. Such manipulation of the argument Host leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be e…
-
High 8.4
flipperzero-firmware commit ad2a80 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the "Main" function.
-
High 8.6
Buffer overflow vulnerability in Open Vehicle Monitoring System 3 (OVMS3) 3.3.005. In canformat_canswitch.cpp the parse…
-
High 7.5
AGL agl-service-can-low-level contains a stack buffer overflow in the uds-c library. The send_diagnostic_request functi…
-
High 7.5
A stack-based buffer overflow in mangle_to_hex_lower() and mangle_to_hex_upper() in src/rp_cpu.c in hashcat v7.1.2 allo…
-
High 8.8
Buffer overflow vulnerability in Open Vehicle Monitoring System 3 (OVMS3) 3.3.005. In canformat_pcap.cpp , the parser's…
-
Critical 10.0
Buffer overflow vulnerability in Open Vehicle Monitoring System 3 (OVMS3) 3.3.005. In canformat_gvret.cpp, the length f…