Weakness (CWE)
CWE-121: Stack-based Buffer Overflow
The product writes past the end of a buffer that was allocated on the stack.
How to prevent it (5 mitigations)
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
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Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
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Implementation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Source: MITRE CWE-121
4,191 results · Feed
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Critical 10.0
Wavlink WL-WN530BE1-A Settings Export CGI ExportAllSettings.cgi strcpy stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was detected in Wavlink WL-WN530BE1-A 251117. This vulnerability affects the function strcpy of the file /cgi-bin/ExportAllSettings.cgi of the component Settings Export CGI. Performing a manipulation of the argument HTTP_COOKIE/X-Cmd results i…
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High 8.1
IBM Planning Analytics Local is affected by security vulnerabilities
IBM Planning Analytics 2.0, and 2.1 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to a stack-based buffer overflow.
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Medium 6.5
odhcpd: pre-auth remote DoS via size_t underflow in dhcpv6_ia_handle_IAs (stack BOF, canary-terminated)
odhcpd is the DHCPv6, DHCPv4, and router-advertisement server used by OpenWrt. In commit cfddd56 and earlier, an unauthenticated host on the same link can first obtain two bindings through normal DHCPv6 SOLICIT and REQUEST exchanges and then send a crafted RE…
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High 7.3
IBM Power Systems Firmware Buffer Overflow
IBM Power Systems Firmware FW1060.00 through FW1060.81 is affected by a vulnerability in host firmware configuration parsing. An attacker with authenticated service-level access to the service processor can write specially crafted configuration data, causing …
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High 8.2
IBM Power Systems Firmware Buffer Overflow
IBM Power Systems Firmware FW1060.00 through FW1060.81 is affected by a vulnerability in the service processor mailbox interface. An attacker with authenticated service-level access to the FSP can send a specially crafted mailbox message to overflow host firm…
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High 8.2
IBM Power Systems Firmware Buffer Overflow
IBM Power Systems Firmware FW1120.00 through FW1120.01, FW1110.00 through FW1110.31, and FW1060.00 through FW1060.81 is affected by a vulnerability in the host firmware boot process image validation path. An attacker with service access to the service process…
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High 8.2
IBM Power Systems Firmware Buffer Overflow
IBM Power Systems Firmware FW1060.00 through FW1060.81 is affected by a vulnerability in the service processor mailbox interface. An attacker with authenticated service-level access to the FSP can send a specially crafted mailbox message to overflow host firm…
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High 8.2
IBM Power Systems Firmware Buffer Overflow
IBM Power Systems Firmware FW1060.00 through FW1060.81 is affected by a vulnerability in host firmware configuration parsing. An attacker with authenticated service-level access to the FSP can write specially crafted configuration data to cause memory corrupt…
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Medium 5.5
IBM® Db2® Denial of Service
IBM Db2 11.5.0 through 11.5.9, and 12.1.0 through 12.1.5 is vulnerable to a denial of service when executing a specially crafted query with a Materialized Query Table
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Critical 9.9
Linksys E1700 setVlan stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was identified in Linksys E1700 up to 1.0.0.4.003. This issue affects the function setVlan of the file /goform/setVlan. Such manipulation of the argument vlan_set leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The e…
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Critical 10.0
Linksys E1700 Mac Filter ssid1MACFilter stack-based overflow
A vulnerability was determined in Linksys E1700 1.0.0.4.003. This vulnerability affects the function ssid1MACFilter of the file /goform/ssid1MACFilter of the component Mac Filter. This manipulation of the argument newap_text_%d causes stack-based buffer overf…
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High 8.3
Stack-based Buffer Overflow in Modem
In the modem OTA stack, there is a possible stack-based buffer overflow due to improper validation of scheduling information in SIB1 messages. This could lead to remote code execution or denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed.
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Medium 5.4
Stack buffer overflow in illumos reparsed nfs-basic plugin allows local users to crash the daemon
A stack-based buffer overflow in the illumos reparse point daemon (reparsed) allows a local user to crash the daemon. get_fs_locations() in usr/src/cmd/fs.d/nfs/rp_basic/libnfs_basic.c, part of the nfs-basic reparse plugin, copies the host and path components…
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High 8.1
Stack-based buffer overflow in FalkorDB _RdbLoadEntity via unbounded property count in crafted RDB
A stack-based buffer overflow in the _RdbLoadEntity function of the RDB graph decoders (src/serializers/decoders/*/decode_graph_entities.c) in FalkorDB before 4.18.4 allows a remote attacker who can issue Redis replication commands (for example, against an in…
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Medium 6.8
SumatraPDF: stack buffer overflow while processing EXIF Orientation metadata
SumatraPDF is a multi-format reader for Windows. In 3.6.1 and earlier, MaybeFlipBitmap() asks GDI+ to read the attacker-controlled PropertyTagOrientation size through GetPropertyItem() while supplying only a fixed 64-byte buf on the stack. Opening a crafted T…
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High 7.1
Unauthenticated RTSP Tunnel Denial-of-Service Vulnerability in TP-Link Tapo C325WB
An unauthenticated denial-of-service vulnerability exists in Tapo C325WB v2 in the RTSP streaming service on TCP port 554 when the Camera Account feature is enabled. A crafted pair of RTSP-over-HTTP tunneling requests can cause memory corruption and crash the…
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High 8.1
Multiple vulnerabilities affect the Sniffer component as part of IBM Guardium Data Protection
IBM Guardium Data Protection 12.0, 12.1, and 12.2 could allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code due to a stack-based buffer overflow.
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Medium 6.5
Poppler 0.42.0 through 26.10.0 Stack Buffer Overflow via Decrypt::revision6Hash()
Poppler 0.42.0 through 26.10.0 contains a stack-based buffer overflow in Decrypt::revision6Hash() that allows attackers controlling the password to overwrite stack memory when opening AESV3/R6 encrypted PDFs. Attackers can supply a password longer than 127 by…
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High 8.0
IBM DataPower Gateway Buffer Overflow
IBM DataPower Gateway 10.5.0.0 through 10.5.0.22, 10.6.1 through 10.6.6, 10.6.0.0 through 10.6.0.10, and 11.0.0.0 through 11.0.0.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to a buffer overflow.
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Medium 6.9
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the diagnostic execution utility of Brocade Fabric OS versions be…
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Medium 6.0
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the Internet Key Exchange (IKEv2) protocol handler on Brocade Fab…
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Medium 6.9
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the security library component of Brocade Fabric OS versions befo…
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High 8.7
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the SNMP daemon request handling of Brocade Fabric versions befor…
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High 8.6
Multiple stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the REST API management component of Brocade Fabric OS ve…
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Critical 9.8
Cisco Nexus 9000 Series Switches SRv6 OAM (NGOAM) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the Segment Routing over IPv6 (SRv6) Operation, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) feature of Cisco NX-OS Software, known as NGOAM, could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges or cause a…
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Critical 9.8
Cisco Nexus 3000 and 9000 Series Switches VXLAN OAM (NGOAM) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the VXLAN Operation, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) feature of Cisco NX-OS Software, known as NGOAM, could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges or cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS) on…
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Critical 9.8
Cisco Nexus 3000 and 9000 Series Switches VXLAN OAM (NGOAM) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the VXLAN Operation, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) feature of Cisco NX-OS Software, known as NGOAM, could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges or cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS) on…
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High 8.8
Bluetooth Mesh solicitation PDU stack buffer overflow via oversized advertisement
The Bluetooth Mesh On-Demand Private Proxy solicitation handler in subsys/bluetooth/mesh/solicitation.c copies a received Solicitation PDU into a fixed 17-byte stack buffer without bounding the source length. In sol_pdu_decrypt(), out is allocated as NET_BUF_…
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High 8.1
VMware Workstation and Fusion HGFS stack-based buffer-overflow vulnerability
VMware Workstation and Fusion contain a stack-based buffer-overflow vulnerability in HGFS. A malicious actor with local administrative privileges on a virtual machine may exploit this issue to execute code as the virtual machine's VMX process running on the h…
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Medium 5.3
wstrncat() unsigned integer underflow leads to an off-by-one null write in wolfSSH on non-Windows platforms
Unsigned integer underflow in wstrncat() in src/port.c in wolfSSL wolfSSH from v1.4.11 through v1.5.0 on non-Windows platforms allows an authenticated remote attacker to write one out-of-bounds null byte past the end of a stack buffer by sending a crafted SFT…
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Critical 9.3
A stack-based buffer overflow in the ASUS router modules allows an authenticated nearby user to execute arbitrary code …
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High 7.5
Security Advisory 0197
On affected Arista Wi-Fi access points, a memory corruption vulnerability exists in access point's wired uplink network endpoints. An unauthenticated attacker can crash the sensor service or potentially achieve remote code execution. Exploitation requires the…
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High 7.5
Security Advisory 0198
On affected Arista Wi-Fi access points, an unauthenticated attacker with network access to the capture service can send a crafted packet to cause the service to crash or potentially achieve remote code execution. This exploit requires an uncommonly used non-d…
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High 8.8
Security Advisory 0193
On affected Arista Wi-Fi access points with captive portal, or application firewall enabled on at least one SSID, a vulnerability in the wireless gateway service could allow an unauthenticated network-adjacent attacker to send a crafted packet that triggers a…
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Medium 6.5
Authenticated Buffer Overflow Vulnerabilities lead to Denial-of-Service in AOS-S
Buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the affected interface of AOS-S. Successful exploitation could allow an authenticated remote attacker to cause a denial-of-service condition on the affected system.
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Medium 6.8CVE-2026-104945 Public exploit
Authenticated ONVIF PTZ Out-of-Bounds Stack Write Denial of Service in TP-Link Tapo C500
TP-Link Tapo C500 v2.0 contains an out-of-bounds stack write vulnerability in its ONVIF PTZ SOAP handlers. An authenticated ONVIF client can submit an excessive number of preset-related elements, causing writes beyond the bounds of fixed-size stack arrays and…
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Critical 9.9
Tenda AC5 Wifi setWifi stack-based overflow
A vulnerability has been found in Tenda AC5 02.03.01.111_multi. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /goform/setWifi of the component Wifi Handler. Such manipulation of the argument wifiPwd leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It …
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Medium 6.7CVE-2025-71384 Public exploit
Dbit WIFI4 N300 1.0.0 devices allows administrators (from the local Wi-Fi network) to execute OS commands by leveraging…
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Critical 10.0
Totolink A3002MU QoS Rule formIpQoS stack-based overflow
A security vulnerability has been detected in Totolink A3002MU 1.0.0-B20230403.1455. This affects an unknown function of the file /boafrm/formIpQoS of the component QoS Rule Handler. The manipulation of the argument addQos/comment/entry_name leads to stack-ba…
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High 8.4
In Video HAL, there is a possible escalation of privilege due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escal…