Weakness (CWE)
CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow
The product writes past the end of a buffer that was allocated on the heap.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.
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Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
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Implementation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.
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Operation
Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.
Source: MITRE CWE-122
2,892 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 7.8
Microsoft Scripting Engine Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Scripting Engine allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Integer overflow or wraparound in Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows DWM Core Library Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows DWM Core Library allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol (SSTP) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol (SSTP) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.8
Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Use after free in Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 7.0
Windows Graphics Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Graphics Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.0
Reliable Multicast Transport Driver (RMCAST) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Reliable Multicast Transport Driver (RMCAST) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Winlogon Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Winlogon allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.5
Windows Reliable Multicast Transport Driver (RMCAST) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Reliable Multicast Transport Driver (RMCAST) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over an adjacent network.
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High 7.8
Windows Hyper-V Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Hyper-V allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Graphics Component Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Win32K - GRFX allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Direct Composition Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Direct Composition allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Graphics Component Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Win32K - GRFX allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.8
Windows UI Immersive Server API Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows UI Immersive Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Direct Composition Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Direct Composition allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Remote Desktop Protocol Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Remote Desktop Protocol allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Microsoft Windows Search Component Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Search Component allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Servicing Stack Updates Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Servicing Stack Updates allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.8
Windows Event Tracing Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Event Tracing allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 7.8
Windows exFAT File System Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows exFAT File System allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows COM+ Event System Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows COM+ Event System Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.5
Windows Internet Key Exchange (IKE) Extension Denial of Service Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows IKE Extension allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.
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High 7.8
Microsoft Windows Search Component Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Search Component allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.8
Windows SMB Client Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows SMB Client allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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High 7.8
Windows Management Instrumentation Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Management Instrumentation allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.8
Windows Bluetooth Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Bluetooth Service allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges over an adjacent network.
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High 8.8
Microsoft Internet Messaging API Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Internet Messaging API allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 7.8
Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Win32K allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.0
Windows Error Reporting Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Windows Error Reporting allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.8
Windows Hyper-V Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Hyper-V allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.
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High 8.8
Microsoft Windows Search Component Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Search Component allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 7.0
Windows Management Instrumentation Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Management Instrumentation allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Client-Side Caching (CSC) Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Client-Side Caching (CSC) Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows NTLM Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows NTLM allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.0
Windows Installer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Installer allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.0
Windows Installer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in Windows Installer allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows USB Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows USB Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Sensor Data Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Sensor Data Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows NTFS Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.
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High 7.8
Windows USB Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows USB Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.