Weakness (CWE)
CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow
The product writes past the end of a buffer that was allocated on the heap.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
-
Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.
-
Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
-
Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
-
Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
-
Implementation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.
-
Operation
Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.
Source: MITRE CWE-122
2,892 results · Clear filters · Feed
-
High 7.0
Windows Biometric Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Biometric Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 7.0
Windows Defender Firewall Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Defender Firewall Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 7.8
HEVC Video Extensions Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Codecs Library allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
-
High 8.2
Windows Hello Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Hello allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 8.1
Windows Text Shaping Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Text Shaping allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
-
High 7.5
Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Remote Code Execution in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows attacker to gain an unauthorized access to victim's machine
-
High 8.0
Windows DHCP Client Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows DHCP Client allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over an adjacent network.
-
High 8.0
Windows DHCP Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows DHCP Server allows an authorized attacker to execute code over an adjacent network.
-
High 7.8
Windows Print Spooler Components Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Print Spooler Components allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 8.0
Windows Biometric Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Biometric Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
-
High 7.8
HID Class Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in HID class driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 7.8
Windows Audio Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Audio Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 8.0
Windows Biometric Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Biometric Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
-
High 7.8
Windows Biometric Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Integer overflow or wraparound in Windows Biometric Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 7.8
Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 8.0
Windows Biometric Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Biometric Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
-
High 7.1
Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
-
High 7.8
Windows NTFS Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.
-
High 8.0
Windows Spaceport.sys Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Spaceport.sys allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
-
High 7.8
Windows Kerberos Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Kerberos allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 7.8
Windows MIDI Service Module Elevation of Privileges Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows MIDI Service Module allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 8.8
Windows Kernel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Kernel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
-
High 8.0
Connected User Experiences and Telemetry Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Connected User Experiences and Telemetry allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
-
High 7.8
Windows Universal Disk Format File System Driver (UDFS) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Universal Disk Format File System Driver (UDFS) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 7.8
Windows Camera Frame Server Monitor Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Camera Frame Server Monitor allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 7.8
Windows Spaceport.sys Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Numeric truncation error in Windows Spaceport.sys allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 7.8
Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 8.8
Windows DHCP Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows DHCP Server allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.
-
High 7.8
Role: Windows Fax Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Fax Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 8.0
Windows Spaceport.sys Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Spaceport.sys allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
-
High 8.8
Microsoft Windows Media Foundation Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
-
High 7.0
Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Numeric truncation error in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 7.8
Windows Partition Management Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Partition Management Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 7.8
Windows Device Association Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Device Association Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 7.8
Windows Power Dependency Coordinator Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Power Dependency Coordinator allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 7.8
Microsoft Windows Speech Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Speech allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 8.0
Windows Error Reporting Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Error Reporting allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
-
High 7.8
Microsoft Windows Speech Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Speech allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
-
High 8.8
Windows URL Moniker Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows URL Moniker allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
-
High 7.8
Windows Error Reporting Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Error Reporting allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.