Weakness (CWE)
CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow
The product writes past the end of a buffer that was allocated on the heap.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.
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Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
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Implementation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.
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Operation
Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.
Source: MITRE CWE-122
4,086 results · Feed
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High 7.8
Windows Graphics Component Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Win32K - GRFX allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Direct Composition Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Direct Composition allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Direct Composition Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Direct Composition allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Push Notifications Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Push Notifications allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.8
Windows Partition Management Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Partition Management Driver allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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High 7.8
Windows Event Tracing Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Event Tracing allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
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High 7.8
Microsoft Account Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Account allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.0
Windows Bluetooth Port Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Bluetooth Port Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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Critical 9.8
Windows Shell Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Shell allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 7.8
Windows MIDI Service Module Elevation of Privileges Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows MIDI Service Module allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Installer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Installer allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Camera Frame Server Monitor Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Camera Frame Server Monitor allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.5
Microsoft OpenSSH for Windows Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in OpenSSH for Windows allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 7.0
Windows Installer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows Installer allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Error Reporting Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Error Reporting allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.
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Critical 9.8
Windows Error Reporting Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Error Reporting allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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Critical 9.8
Windows Error Reporting Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Error Reporting allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 7.8
Windows DHCP Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows DHCP Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Bind Filter Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Bind Filter Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.8
Remote Desktop Client Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Remote Desktop Client allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 7.8
Windows TCP/IP Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows TCP/IP allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows NTFS Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Media Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Media allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.0
Windows Client-Side Caching (CSC) Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Client-Side Caching (CSC) Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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Critical 9.8
Microsoft PowerShell Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in Windows PowerShell allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 7.8
Windows Media Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Media allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
RPC Runtime Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in RPC Runtime allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Update Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Update allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Error Reporting Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Error Reporting allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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Critical 9.8
Windows iSCSI Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows iSCSI allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 7.8
Windows kernel32.dll Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows kernel32.dll allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Microsoft Windows Media Foundation Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Desktop Window Manager Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Desktop Window Manager allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Win32k Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Win32 Kernel Subsystem allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Common Log File System Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Common Log File System Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Portable Device File System Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Portable Device File System Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows OLE Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows OLE allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.