Weakness (CWE)
CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow
The product writes past the end of a buffer that was allocated on the heap.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.
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Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
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Operation, Build and Compilation
Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
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Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
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Implementation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.
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Operation
Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.
Source: MITRE CWE-122
4,087 results · Feed
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High 7.8
Windows Print Spooler Components Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Print Spooler Components allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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Critical 9.8
Windows RNDIS Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows RNDIS allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 8.0
Windows Biometric Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Biometric Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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High 7.8
HID Class Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in HID class driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Audio Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Audio Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.0
Windows Biometric Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Biometric Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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High 7.8
Windows Biometric Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Integer overflow or wraparound in Windows Biometric Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.0
Windows Biometric Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Biometric Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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High 7.1
Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Encrypting File System (EFS) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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High 7.8
Windows NTFS Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.
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High 8.0
Windows Spaceport.sys Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Spaceport.sys allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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High 7.8
Windows Kerberos Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Kerberos allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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Critical 9.8
Windows Direct Show Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Direct Show allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 7.8
Windows MIDI Service Module Elevation of Privileges Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows MIDI Service Module allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.8
Windows Kernel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Kernel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 8.0
Connected User Experiences and Telemetry Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Connected User Experiences and Telemetry allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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High 7.8
Windows Universal Disk Format File System Driver (UDFS) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Universal Disk Format File System Driver (UDFS) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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Medium 6.8
Windows NTFS Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows NTFS allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code with a physical attack.
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Critical 9.8
Microsoft Windows PDF Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Integer overflow or wraparound in Microsoft Windows PDF allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 7.8
Windows Camera Frame Server Monitor Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Camera Frame Server Monitor allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Spaceport.sys Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Numeric truncation error in Windows Spaceport.sys allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.8
Windows DHCP Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows DHCP Server allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 7.8
Role: Windows Fax Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Fax Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.0
Windows Spaceport.sys Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Spaceport.sys allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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High 8.8
Microsoft Windows Media Foundation Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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Critical 9.8
Windows Event Logging Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Event Logging Service allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 7.0
Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Numeric truncation error in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Partition Management Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Partition Management Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Device Association Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Device Association Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Power Dependency Coordinator Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Power Dependency Coordinator allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Microsoft Windows Speech Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Speech allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.0
Windows Error Reporting Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Error Reporting allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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High 7.8
Microsoft Windows Speech Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Speech allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.8
Windows URL Moniker Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows URL Moniker allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 7.8
Windows Error Reporting Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Error Reporting allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Audio Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Audio Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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Medium 6.7
Windows BitLocker Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows BitLocker allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Distributed File System (DFS) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Distributed File System (DFS) allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.