Weakness (CWE)
CWE-1287: Improper Validation of Specified Type of Input
The product receives input that is expected to be of a certain type, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input is actually of the expected type.
How to prevent it (1 mitigation)
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Source: MITRE CWE-1287
72 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 7.5
GitPython before 3.2.0 Command Execution via ls_remote ext:: URLs
GitPython before 3.2.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows attackers to run commands because Git.ls_remote forwards URLs without check_unsafe_protocols validation. Attackers can supply ext:: remote-helper URLs to execute commands when g…
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High 7.5
.NET Framework Tampering Vulnerability
Improper validation of specified type of input in .NET Framework allows an unauthorized attacker to perform tampering over a network.
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High 8.8
Microsoft Office SharePoint Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
No cwe for this issue in Microsoft Office SharePoint allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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High 8.1
fast-jwt : Silent claim-validator bypass when JWT payload is a JSON array
fast-jwt provides fast JSON Web Token (JWT) implementation. Prior to 6.3.0, fast-jwt createVerifier accepts a validly signed JWT whose payload is a JSON array because src/decoder.js checks that the payload is an object but does not reject arrays. The claim va…
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High 7.1
ICMPv6 option validation accepts a trailing byte residue, sending the Router Advertisement, Neighbor Solicitation, Neighbor Advertisement and Redirect option walkers past the packet or into a permanent loop
In Eclipse ThreadX NetX Duo versions up to and including 6.5.2.202603, built with IPv6, the ICMPv6 option validator accepts an option area that ends in a one- or two-byte residue, and the Router Advertisement, Neighbor Solicitation, Neighbor Advertisement and…
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High 7.5
Net::IP::LPM versions before 1.12 for Perl accept malformed prefix lengths
Net::IP::LPM versions before 1.12 for Perl accept malformed prefix lengths. Non-numeric and non-ASCII prefix lengths are accepted and treated as 0. Integers over 31 bits are silently truncated. A single malformed mask will poison the lookup table. The result …
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High 8.0
yast2-users: OS command injection via LDAP-supplied shadowLastChange/shadowExpire attribute
An OS command injection vulnerability was found in yast2-users. When displaying the "Password Settings" tab of a user, get_password_term() in src/include/users/dialogs.rb read the shadowLastChange and shadowExpire fields with GetString(), which performs no nu…
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High 8.1CVE-2026-18830 Public exploit
Insufficient input validation in Amazon Bedrock AgentCore harness InvokeHarness API
Insufficient input validation in Amazon Bedrock AgentCore harness might allow an authenticated remote user to execute configured tools bypassing model invocation and security controls via crafted content blocks in conversation messages. AWS has addressed this…
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High 8.1
OTP Bypass in Magarsus' IDM-MFA
Improper validation of specified type of input vulnerability in Magarsus Consulting Ltd. Co. IDM-MFA allows Authentication Bypass. This issue affects IDM-MFA: from 2025.11.27 before 2026.03.10.
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High 7.5
.NET Framework Denial of Service Vulnerability
Improper validation of specified type of input in .NET Framework allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.
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High 8.8
Symfony: OidcTokenHandler Accepts JWTs Missing aud/iss/exp Claims
Symfony is a PHP framework for web and console applications and a set of reusable PHP components. Prior to 6.4.40, 7.4.12, and 8.0.12, OidcTokenHandler::verifyClaims() registered audience (aud), issuer (iss), and expiry (exp) checkers but did not pass the man…
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High 7.5
PraisonAI before 4.6.78 Prompt Injection Defense Bypass
PraisonAI versions before 4.6.78 contain a prompt injection defense misconfiguration where the block threshold defaults to CRITICAL severity, allowing HIGH-level threats to pass through unblocked. Attackers can submit single-vector prompt injection attacks su…
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High 7.1
Improper JSON Input Validation in WebSocket API Leads to Denial of Service
A denial-of-service vulnerability exists in the WebSocket API due to insufficient validation and handling of JSON-based requests. A low-privileged authenticated attacker can send a specially crafted request that causes service disruption and may result in an …
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High 8.1
Netty has an IPv6 Subnet Filter Bypass via Incorrect Comparator Masking
Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. In netty-handler prior to versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final, an attacker can bypass IPv6 subnet rules due to an incorrect masking operation in IpSubnetFilterRule.c…
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High 8.1
Server crash via malformed binary diff passed to $_internalApplyOplogUpdate.
The $_internalApplyOplogUpdate aggregation pipeline stage can be used to execute a document diff containing a malformed binary diff to return memory out-of-bounds or crash the server. $_internalApplyOplogUpdate can be executed by any authenticated user with a…
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High 7.5
Authenticate command with specific mechanism parameter can trigger server crash
When OIDC authentication is enabled in configuration, clients may set specific values in the "mechanism" parameter of the "authenticate" command that lead to server crash. The authenticate command is accessible to unauthenticated clients, leading to pre-auth …
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High 7.3
Boost Serialization improper validation of specified type of input
A flaw has been found in Boost Serialization. The impacted element is an unknown function. This manipulation causes improper validation of specified type of input. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used.…
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High 7.5
Net::CIDR::Set versions through 0.20 for Perl did not validate IP addresses
Net::CIDR::Set versions through 0.20 for Perl did not validate IP addresses. The add method called the _encode method to parse addresses. If the addresses did not look like netmasks or network ranges, then they were assumed to single IP addresses and passed b…
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High 8.4
Command injection via USB
A local attacker can perform a confusion attack on the cfgparser via a specially crafted file on an USB stick leading to code execution. This can result in a total loss of confidentiality, integrity and availability.
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High 7.3
fraillt bitsery std_smart_ptr.h loadFromSharedState improper validation of specified type of input
A security vulnerability has been detected in fraillt bitsery up to 5.2.4. Affected is the function loadFromSharedState in the library include/bitsery/ext/std_smart_ptr.h. Such manipulation leads to improper validation of specified type of input. It is possib…
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High 7.5
Invalid handling of CLASS != IN
Multiple flaws have been identified in `named` related to the handling of DNS messages whose CLASS is not Internet (`IN`) — for example, `CHAOS` or `HESIOD`, or DNS messages that specify meta-classes (`ANY` or `NONE`) in the question section. Specially crafte…
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High 7.5
NEMU (OpenXiangShan/NEMU) before v2025.12.r2 contains an improper instruction-validation flaw in its RISC-V Vector (RVV…
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High 7.5
fastify vulnerable to Body Schema Validation Bypass via Leading Space in Content-Type Header
Impact: Fastify applications using schema.body.content for per-content-type body validation can have validation bypassed entirely by prepending a space to the Content-Type header. The body is still parsed correctly but schema validation is skipped. This is a …
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High 7.5
jsrsasign is vulnerable to DoS through Infinite Loop when processing zero or negative inputs
Versions of the package jsrsasign before 11.1.1 are vulnerable to Infinite loop via the bnModInverse function in ext/jsbn2.js when the BigInteger.modInverse implementation receives zero or negative inputs, allowing an attacker to hang the process permanently …
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High 7.7
Keycloak-services: keycloak: unauthorized access via improper validation of encrypted saml assertions
A flaw was found in Keycloak. Keycloak's Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) broker endpoint does not properly validate encrypted assertions when the overall SAML response is not signed. An attacker with a valid signed SAML assertion can exploit this by…
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High 7.4
Cisco IOS XR Software Multi-Instance Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System Denial of Service Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS) multi-instance routing feature of Cisco IOS XR Software could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause the IS-IS process to restart unexpectedly. This vulnerability is due t…
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High 8.8
SQL Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Improper validation of specified type of input in SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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High 7.0
Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Improper validation of specified type of input in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 8.4
TSPortal: Anyone can forge self-deletion requests of any user
TSPortal is the WikiTide Foundation’s in-house platform used by the Trust and Safety team to manage reports, investigations, appeals, and transparency work. Prior to version 30, conversion of empty strings to null allows disguising DPA reports as genuine self…
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High 8.8
PostgreSQL intarray missing validation of type of input to selectivity estimator executes arbitrary code
Missing validation of type of input in PostgreSQL intarray extension selectivity estimator function allows an object creator to execute arbitrary code as the operating system user running the database. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.2, 17.8, 16.12, 15.16, and …
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High 7.5
Axios affected by Denial of Service via __proto__ Key in mergeConfig
Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. Prior to versions 0.30.3 and 1.13.5, the mergeConfig function in axios crashes with a TypeError when processing configuration objects containing __proto__ as an own property. An attacker can tr…
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High 7.5
Cisco TelePresence Collaboration Endpoint Software and RoomOS Software Denial of Service Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the text rendering subsystem of Cisco TelePresence Collaboration Endpoint (CE) Software and Cisco RoomOS Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. This vulne…
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High 7.4
Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java S…
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High 7.5
DoS via Modbus Read Command
An unauthenticated remote attacker can send a specially crafted Modbus read command to the device which leads to a denial of service.
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High 7.8
Windows Authentication Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Improper validation of specified type of input in Windows Authentication Methods allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Authentication Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Improper validation of specified type of input in Windows Authentication Methods allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Authentication Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Improper validation of specified type of input in Windows Authentication Methods allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Authentication Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Improper validation of specified type of input in Microsoft Windows allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.7
A vulnerability in the web UI of Cisco IOS Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker with low privileges t…
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High 7.2
Authenticated File Disclosure/Delete
Improper Validation of Specified Type of Input vulnerability in ABB FLXEON.This issue affects FLXEON: through 9.3.5.