Weakness (CWE)
CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
The product uses a regular expression with a worst-case computational complexity that is inefficient and possibly exponential.
How to prevent it (4 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Use regular expressions that do not support backtracking, e.g. by removing nested quantifiers.
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System Configuration
Set backtracking limits in the configuration of the regular expression implementation, such as PHP's pcre.backtrack_limit. Also consider limits on execution time for the process.
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Implementation
Do not use regular expressions with untrusted input. If regular expressions must be used, avoid using backtracking in the expression.
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Implementation
Limit the length of the input that the regular expression will process.
Source: MITRE CWE-1333
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Critical 9.6
IBM API Connect Denial of Service
IBM API Connect 10.0.8.0 through 10.0.8.12 and 12.1.0.0 through 12.1.1.2 are vulnerable to a Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) attack and to improper neutralisation of wildcard query operators.
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Critical 10.0
Apache OpenNLP, Apache OpenNLP: ReDoS / stack exhaustion in RegexNameFinderFactory built-in EMAIL and URL patterns
The two built-in name-finder patterns exposed by opennlp.tools.namefind.RegexNameFinderFactory - DEFAULT_REGEX_NAME_FINDER.EMAIL and DEFAULT_REGEX_NAME_FINDER.URL - contain ambiguous nested quantifiers. An application that obtains these finders through RegexN…
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Critical 9.8
YesWiki has Unsafe eval() in Formula Calculator - Remote Code Execution (RCE) & Denial of Service (DoS)
YesWiki is a wiki system written in PHP. Prior to version 4.6.6, an unsafe execution vulnerability exists in the Bazar form field calculator (CalcField.php) of YesWiki. The application attempts to sanitize user-defined mathematical formulas using a complex re…
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Critical 9.2
Uncontrolled Resource Consumption in @isaacs/brace-expansion
@isaacs/brace-expansion is a hybrid CJS/ESM TypeScript fork of brace-expansion. Prior to version 5.0.1, @isaacs/brace-expansion is vulnerable to a denial of service (DoS) issue caused by unbounded brace range expansion. When an attacker provides a pattern con…
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Critical 9.2CVE-2025-25200 Public exploit
Koa has Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Koa is expressive middleware for Node.js using ES2017 async functions. Prior to versions 0.21.2, 1.7.1, 2.15.4, and 3.0.0-alpha.3, Koa uses an evil regex to parse the `X-Forwarded-Proto` and `X-Forwarded-Host` HTTP headers. This can be exploited to carry out …
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Critical 9.8
An issue was discovered in Heimdal Thor agent versions 3.4.2 and before 3.7.0 on Windows, allows attackers to bypass US…
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Critical 9.8
Prototype pollution vulnerability in 'predefine'
Prototype pollution vulnerability in 'predefine' versions 0.0.0 through 0.1.2 allows an attacker to cause a denial of service and may lead to remote code execution.