Weakness (CWE)
CWE-180: Incorrect Behavior Order: Validate Before Canonicalize
The product validates input before it is canonicalized.
How to prevent it (1 mitigation)
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Implementation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
Source: MITRE CWE-180
28 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Medium 5.3
Rack: Rack::Static header_rules bypass via dot-segment normalization mismatch
Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to 2.2.25, 3.1.23, and 3.2.8, Rack::Static serves a path after Utils.clean_path_info normalization but evaluates header_rules against a path that is only URL-decoded. An unauthenticated attacker can request a…
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Medium 6.3
ModSecurity: HTML decoder missing entities, leading to evasion
ModSecurity is an open source, cross platform web application firewall (WAF) engine for Apache, IIS and Nginx. Prior to 2.9.15 and 3.0.17, t:htmlEntityDecode recognizes only a small subset of named HTML entities, so rules that depend on the transformation can…
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Medium 5.4
In JetBrains Junie GitHub Action before 1.6.4 prompt injection protection could be bypassed via HTML-encoded characters
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Medium 6.1
CGI versions before 5.00 for Perl allow open redirects via HTML entity decoding of the URL after application validation in redirect
CGI versions before 5.00 for Perl allow open redirects via HTML entity decoding of the URL after application validation in redirect. redirect decodes HTML entities in its URL before writing the Location header, so a URL the application has already validated c…
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Medium 6.9
Vite: `server.fs.deny` bypassed with queries
Vite is a frontend tooling framework for JavaScript. From 6.4.4 until 6.4.5, the Vite development server can evaluate server.fs.deny before stripping loader query parameters such as ?raw, ?import&raw, or ?import&url&inline. When the development server is expo…
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Medium 4.3
Zimbra Collaboration Suite Email HTML Sanitizer Bypass via Hostname Canonicalization
A hostname canonicalization vulnerability in the email HTML sanitizers of Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) allows an unauthenticated sender to bypass the restriction on forms that target the Zimbra host. DefangFilter and the OWASP ActionAttributePolicy compar…
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Medium 6.1
fast-uri vulnerable to URI scheme spoofing via percent-encoded scheme decoding
fast-uri is a dependency-free RFC 3986 URI parser and serializer for Node.js. In versions before 2.4.8, from 3.0.0 through 3.1.8, and from 4.0.0 through 4.2.2, fast-uri percent-decodes the scheme component with the legacy global unescape() function before val…
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Medium 5.9
ProjectSend 2.0.0 before 2.7.0 Path Validation Bypass via Orphan File Import/Delete
ProjectSend 2.0.0 before 2.7.0 contains a path validation flaw in OrphanFileScanner::isOrphan() that allows staff with import_orphans permission to treat tracked files as orphans. Attackers can submit ./ path aliases to the orphans import or delete endpoints,…
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Medium 6.0
Crafted Git build source can bypass certain policy validation
A build step for a Git source, crafted in a specific way, can bypass some policy validation rules. A malicious build definition can make the repository look like it is coming from a different remote URL than it really is when Git clone is happening. If policy…
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Medium 4.8
Apache WSS4J: UsernameToken replay protection bypassed by re-encoding the Nonce
Apache WSS4J remembers the Nonce of each UsernameToken it accepts, so a captured token cannot be reused. It stored the Nonce as raw base64 text, but authentication decodes that text and uses the bytes.The same bytes can be written as base64 in several ways. A…
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Medium 4.8
PyJWT: Non-canonical signature segments enable raw-token revocation bypass
PyJWT is a Python implementation of JSON Web Token standards. Prior to 2.14.0, PyJWT signature segment is affected because signature segment decoding accepts characters outside the canonical Base64URL representation. This occurs when non-Base64URL characters …
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Medium 4.3
stoatchat before 0.15.5 Username Validation Bypass via Unicode Sanitization
stoatchat before 0.15.5 fails to revalidate usernames after Unicode sanitization, allowing attackers to create usernames with forbidden characters by submitting Unicode letters that transform into rejected characters. Attackers can bypass character allowlists…
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Medium 5.5
OpenClaw before 2026.8.1 Authentication Bypass via File URL
OpenClaw is a coding agent distributed as the npm package `openclaw`. In affected versions (2026.7.1 through 2026.7.2), alternate but valid `file:` URL spellings supplied over the Agent Client Protocol (ACP) were treated as relative paths and were incorrectly…
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Medium 5.3
Input Leap (aka input-leap) through 3.0.3, when the non-default --enable-drag-drop option is used on Windows or macOS, …
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Medium 6.5
Lemonldap::NG::Handler versions from 2.0.0 before 2.16.10, from 2.17.0 before 2.21.6, from 2.22.0 before 2.23.4 for Perl allow an equivalent spelling of a path to bypass the locationRules that restrict it
Lemonldap::NG::Handler versions from 2.0.0 before 2.16.10, from 2.17.0 before 2.21.6, from 2.22.0 before 2.23.4 for Perl allow an equivalent spelling of a path to bypass the locationRules that restrict it. The handler matches each vhost's locationRules regula…
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Medium 4.3
cosmicstack-labs mercury-agent Shell Command Execution permissions.ts checkShellCommand validate before canonicalize
A vulnerability was detected in cosmicstack-labs mercury-agent up to 1.1.13. Affected is the function checkShellCommand of the file src/capabilities/permissions.ts of the component Shell Command Execution. The manipulation results in incorrect behavior order:…
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Medium 5.1
CSS sanitizer bypass in Pentestify report themes allows forced outbound requests
Incorrect Behavior Order: Validate Before Canonicalize in the report theme CSS sanitizer in maalfer Pentestify 1.2.0 through 2.3.2 allows an authenticated user to force outbound HTTP requests from other users' browsers, disclosing their IP address and User-Ag…
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Medium 6.1
jupyterlab: PyPI extension blocklist package-name canonicalization bypass
jupyterlab is an extensible environment for interactive and reproducible computing, based on the Jupyter Notebook Architecture. From 4.5.0 until 4.5.10 and 4.6.2, in jupyterlab/extensions/manager.py and jupyterlab/extensions/pypi.py, JupyterLab's PyPI extensi…
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Medium 5.9
AnythingLLM: Password recovery accepts one recovery code twice after whitespace normalization
AnythingLLM is an application that turns pieces of content into context that any LLM can use as references during chatting. From 1.0.0 to 1.15.0, AnythingLLM's unauthenticated account-recovery flow in server/utils/PasswordRecovery/index.js uses recoverAccount…
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Medium 6.5
Guzzle: Noncanonical cookie domain keeps subdomain scope
Guzzle is an extensible PHP HTTP client. Prior to 7.15.2 and 8.0.1, SetCookie::matchesDomain() gives every subdomain of a cookie Domain that cookie unless SetCookie::matchesDomain() recognizes the Domain as an IP literal or a numeric host, and the decision co…
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Medium 5.3
@fastify/static vulnerable to Authorization Bypass via Non-Canonical URL Paths
@fastify/static evaluates the allowedPath callback before normalizing dot segments and duplicate path separators in the pathname used for file resolution. Versions up to and including 10.1.1 are affected. An unauthenticated attacker can bypass allowedPath res…
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Medium 6.3
Hono has incorrect IP matching in ipRestriction() for IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses
Hono is a Web application framework that provides support for any JavaScript runtime. Prior to 4.12.12, ipRestriction() does not canonicalize IPv4-mapped IPv6 client addresses (e.g. ::ffff:127.0.0.1) before applying IPv4 allow or deny rules. In environments s…
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Medium 5.3
Rack: Rack::Static header_rules bypass via URL-encoded paths
Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to versions 2.2.23, 3.1.21, and 3.2.6, Rack::Static#applicable_rules evaluates several header_rules types against the raw URL-encoded PATH_INFO, while the underlying file-serving path is decoded before the fi…
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Medium 5.4
Varnish Cache before 8.0.1 and Varnish Enterprise before 6.0.16r12, in certain unchecked req.url scenarios, mishandle U…
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Medium 6.5
OpenClaw < 2026.2.24 - Path Traversal via @-prefixed Absolute Paths in Workspace Boundary Validation
OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.24 contain a path traversal vulnerability where @-prefixed absolute paths bypass workspace-only file-system boundary validation due to canonicalization mismatch. Attackers can exploit this by crafting @-prefixed paths like @/…
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Medium 5.7
NVIDIA DGX Spark GB10 contains a vulnerability in SROOT firmware, where an attacker could cause improper processing of …
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Medium 5.8
A directory traversal vulnerability exists in Ivanti LANDesk Management Gateway through 4.2-1.9. By appending %3F.php t…
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Medium —
Traefik has unexpected behavior with IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses
### Impact There is a vulnerability in [Go managing various Is methods (IsPrivate, IsLoopback, etc) for IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses](https://groups.google.com/g/golang-announce/c/XbxouI9gY7k/m/TuoGEhxIEwAJ). They didn't work as expected returning false for add…