Weakness (CWE)
CWE-285: Improper Authorization
The product does not perform or incorrectly performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.
How to prevent it (5 mitigations)
-
Architecture and Design
Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
-
Architecture and Design
Ensure that you perform access control checks related to your business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that you apply to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor.
-
Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
-
Architecture and Design
For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
-
System Configuration, Installation
Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
Source: MITRE CWE-285
14 results · Clear filters · Feed
-
Critical 9.9CVE-2026-34048 Public exploit
Coolify: Missing authorization on terminal websocket bootstrap routes allows low-privileged members to execute commands on team servers
Coolify is an open-source and self-hostable tool for managing servers, applications, and databases. Prior to 4.0.0-beta.471, terminal websocket bootstrap routes only check authentication and do not enforce terminal authorization, allowing a low-privileged tea…
-
Critical 9.8CVE-2026-10580 Public exploit
Hippoo Mobile App for WooCommerce <= 1.9.4 - Unauthenticated Authentication Bypass to Administrator Account Takeover via REST API
The Hippoo Mobile App for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass leading to Administrator Account Takeover in all versions up to and including 1.9.4. This is due to a logic conflation in HippooPermissions::get_user_permissions…
-
Critical 9.1CVE-2026-43515 Public exploit
Apache Tomcat: Security constraints not correctly applied
Improper Authorization vulnerability when multiple method constraints define an HTTP method for the same extension in Apache Tomcat. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.21, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.54, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.11…
-
Critical 9.1CVE-2026-33186 Public exploit
gRPC-Go has an authorization bypass via missing leading slash in :path
gRPC-Go is the Go language implementation of gRPC. Versions prior to 1.79.3 have an authorization bypass resulting from improper input validation of the HTTP/2 `:path` pseudo-header. The gRPC-Go server was too lenient in its routing logic, accepting requests …
-
Critical 9.8CVE-2025-4631 Public exploit
Profitori 2.0.6.0 - 2.1.1.3 - Missing Authorization to Unauthenticated Privilege Escalation via stocktend_object Endpoint
The Profitori plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation due to a missing capability check on the stocktend_object endpoint in versions 2.0.6.0 to 2.1.1.3. This makes it possible to trigger the save_object_as_user() function for objects whose …
-
Critical 9.1
Authorization Bypass in Next.js Middleware
Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. Starting in version 1.11.4 and prior to versions 12.3.5, 13.5.9, 14.2.25, and 15.2.3, it is possible to bypass authorization checks within a Next.js application, if the authorization check…
-
Critical 9.3CVE-2025-27509 Public exploit
SAML authentication vulnerability due to improper SAML response validation
fleetdm/fleet is an open source device management, built on osquery. In vulnerable versions of Fleet, an attacker could craft a specially-formed SAML response to forge authentication assertions, provision a new administrative user account if Just-In-Time (JIT…
-
Critical 9.1
Cisco Identity Services Engine Insufficient Authorization Bypass Vulnerability
A vulnerability in an API of Cisco ISE could allow an authenticated, remote attacker with valid read-only credentials to obtain sensitive information, change node configurations, and restart the node. This vulnerability is due to a lack of authorization in a …
-
Critical 9.1CVE-2024-45337 Public exploit
Misuse of connection.serverAuthenticate may cause authorization bypass in golang.org/x/crypto
Applications and libraries which misuse connection.serverAuthenticate (via callback field ServerConfig.PublicKeyCallback) may be susceptible to an authorization bypass. The documentation for ServerConfig.PublicKeyCallback says that "A call to this function do…
-
Critical 9.1CVE-2024-38821 Public exploit
Authorization Bypass of Static Resources in WebFlux Applications
Spring WebFlux applications that have Spring Security authorization rules on static resources can be bypassed under certain circumstances. For this to impact an application, all of the following must be true: * It must be a WebFlux application * It must be us…
-
Critical 9.8
Because the web management interface for Unified Intents' Unified Remote solution does not itself require authenticatio…
-
Critical 9.8
Authentication Bypass Vulnerability
Apache Shiro before 1.9.1, A RegexRequestMatcher can be misconfigured to be bypassed on some servlet containers. Applications using RegExPatternMatcher with `.` in the regular expression are possibly vulnerable to an authorization bypass.
-
Critical 9.8
Authorization bypass in Spring Security
In spring security versions prior to 5.4.11+, 5.5.7+ , 5.6.4+ and older unsupported versions, RegexRequestMatcher can easily be misconfigured to be bypassed on some servlet containers. Applications using RegexRequestMatcher with `.` in the regular expression …
-
Critical 9.1
Cisco Small Business 220 Series Smart Switches Authentication Bypass Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the web management interface of Cisco Small Business 220 Series Smart Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to upload arbitrary files. The vulnerability is due to incomplete authorization checks in the web management inte…