Weakness (CWE)
CWE-367: Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
The product checks the state of a resource before using that resource, but the resource's state can change between the check and the use in a way that invalidates the results of the check.
How to prevent it (7 mitigations)
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Implementation
The most basic advice for TOCTOU vulnerabilities is to not perform a check before the use. This does not resolve the underlying issue of the execution of a function on a resource whose state and identity cannot be assured, but it does help to limit the false sense of security given by the check.
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Implementation
When the file being altered is owned by the current user and group, set the effective gid and uid to that of the current user and group when executing this statement.
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Architecture and Design
Limit the interleaving of operations on files from multiple processes.
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Implementation, Architecture and Design
If you cannot perform operations atomically and you must share access to the resource between multiple processes or threads, then try to limit the amount of time (CPU cycles) between the check and use of the resource. This will not fix the problem, but it could make it more difficult for an attack to succeed.
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Implementation
Recheck the resource after the use call to verify that the action was taken appropriately.
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Architecture and Design
Ensure that some environmental locking mechanism can be used to protect resources effectively.
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Implementation
Ensure that locking occurs before the check, as opposed to afterwards, such that the resource, as checked, is the same as it is when in use.
Source: MITRE CWE-367
854 results · Feed
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Medium 5.3
Sipeed PicoClaw pipeline_execute.go ExecTool.executeRun toctou
A vulnerability was identified in Sipeed PicoClaw up to 0.2.9. The impacted element is the function ExecTool.executeRun of the file pkg/agent/pipeline_execute.go. The manipulation of the argument cwe leads to time-of-check time-of-use. The attack must be carr…
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Medium 4.9
Statamic: Server-Side Request Forgery via Glide (DNS rebinding)
Statamic is a Laravel and Git powered content management system (CMS). Prior to 5.73.24 and 6.20.1, the Glide image proxy's URL validation in src/Imaging/RemoteUrlValidator.php and src/Imaging/GuzzleAdapter.php could be bypassed using DNS rebinding. The remot…
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High 7.1
OpenClaw < 2026.5.28 Authentication Bypass via safeFetch
OpenClaw before 2026.5.28 contains a race condition in the MS Teams safeFetch DNS rebinding check. When the affected feature is enabled and reachable, a lower-trust caller or configured input path could win a timing window between the DNS validation check and…
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High 7.0
Zoom Clients for Windows - Race Condition
A time-of-check to time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the installation and uninstallation process of certain Zoom Clients for Windows could allow an authenticated local user to escalate privileges.
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Medium 5.8
TOCTOU double copyin in illumos dld ioctl handling causes kernel heap corruption
A time-of-check to time-of-use (TOCTOU) flaw in the illumos data-link pseudo-driver (dld) affects handling of the DLDIOC_GETMACPROP and DLDIOC_SETMACPROP ioctls on /dev/dld. drv_ioc_prop_common() in usr/src/uts/common/io/dld/dld_drv.c copies the dld_ioc_macpr…
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High 8.1
Better Auth OAuth Provider: Refresh Token Rotation Race Condition Allows Concurrent Replay and Token Family Forking
Better Auth is an authentication and authorization library for TypeScript. From 1.4.8-beta.7 until 1.6.11, the @better-auth/oauth-provider POST /oauth2/token endpoint on the refresh_token grant performs a non-atomic read, validate, revoke, and mint sequence o…
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High 7.6
Better Auth OAuth Provider: Race Condition in Authorization Code Exchange Enables Multi-Use Code Redemption
Better Auth is an authentication and authorization library for TypeScript. From 1.6.0 until 1.6.11, the @better-auth/oauth-provider POST /oauth2/token endpoint for the authorization_code grant redeems a single-use authorization code through a non-atomic find-…
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High 7.5
Diffusers: TOCTOU Trust Remote Code Bypass
Diffusers is the a library for pretrained diffusion models. Prior to 0.38.0, Diffusers' DiffusionPipeline.from_pretrained flow can bypass the trust_remote_code guard because download() validates model_index.json and custom pipeline code before later loading f…
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High 8.5
PraisonAI before 1.6.78 DNS Rebinding SSRF via web_crawl
PraisonAI before 1.6.78 contains a server-side request forgery vulnerability in the web_crawl tool that validates hostnames at check time but re-resolves them at connection time without IP pinning. Attackers can use DNS rebinding to bypass SSRF protection and…
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High 7.8
GoCart | Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition (CWE-367)
Creative Cloud Desktop is affected by a Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploit depends on conditions beyond the attacker's control. Exploitation…
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Medium 6.4
TOCTOU race condition in the QNX Neutrino kernel impacts versions of the QNX Software Development Platform and QNX OS for Safety
TOCTOU Race Condition in specific trace commands of the TraceEvent() system call could allow an attacker with local access and with the PROCMGR_AID_TRACE ability, to cause information disclosure, data tampering or a crash of the QNX Neutrino kernel.
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Medium 6.3CVE-2026-57973 Public exploit
Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL2) Kernel Tampering Vulnerability
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Windows Subsystem for Linux allows an authorized attacker to perform tampering locally.
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High 7.5
Windows NFS Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Windows Network File System allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
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Medium 5.5
Microsoft Defender for Endpoint for Mac Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Microsoft Defender for Endpoint allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.8
Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Null pointer dereference in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.0
Microsoft Defender for Endpoint for Mac Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Microsoft Defender allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
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High 7.1
OpenClaw < 2026.6.9 Symlink Following via Mirror Sync
OpenClaw versions before 2026.6.9 contain a symlink following vulnerability in the mirror sync feature that allows lower-trust callers to perform actions requiring stronger authorization. Attackers can exploit remote symlink parents to bypass policy checks an…
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High 8.5
PraisonAI before 1.6.78 SSRF via Crawl4AI Chromium backend
PraisonAI versions before 1.6.78 contain a server-side request forgery vulnerability in the Crawl4AI/Chromium backend that allows attackers to bypass SSRF validation by exploiting DNS rebinding and HTTP redirects. Attackers can craft URLs that resolve to inte…
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High 7.8
GPU DDK - rgxfw_hwperf_ufo() re-reads psCmdHeader->ui32CmdSize after initial check, TOCTOU
Kernel software installed and running inside a Host VM may post improper commands to the GPU Firmware to trigger a memory write outside the permitted range of memory for the host kernel. A TOCTOU bug existed where a malicious driver could modify values in mem…
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High 7.4
9router: Image prefetch DNS rebinding allows SSRF to internal services
9Router is an AI router & token saver. Prior to 0.5.2, 9router validates image URLs by resolving the host before fetching, but open-sse/translator/concerns/image.js performs the later server-side image fetch with a separate DNS resolution. An authenticated at…
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High 7.2
PraisonAI before 4.6.78 Unauthenticated SSRF via webhook_url
PraisonAI before 4.6.78 contains an unauthenticated server-side request forgery vulnerability in the Jobs API /api/v1/runs endpoint. The webhook_url parameter is validated at request time but re-resolved at connection time, allowing attackers to use DNS rebin…
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Medium 5.5
ChatterBot: Symlink-Following Arbitrary Write via UbuntuCorpusTrainer
ChatterBot is a machine learning, conversational dialog engine for creating chat bots. Prior to 1.2.14, UbuntuCorpusTrainer.extract() uses a predictable home-rooted output directory (~/ubuntu_data/ubuntu_dialogs) with a check-then-create pattern followed by t…
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Critical 9.4
varstored: TOCTOU issues with mapped guest memory
varstored is a component of the Xapi toolstack handling UEFI Variables for a VM. It has a communication path with OVMF inside the VM involving mapping a buffer prepared by OVMF. Within varstored, there were insufficient compiler barriers, creating TOCTOU issu…
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Medium 6.5
CoreWCF NetNamedPipe transport accepts attach to a pre-existing named pipe instance
CoreWCF is a port of the service side of Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) to .NET Core. Prior to 1.8.1 and 1.9.1, CoreWCF NetNamedPipe transport accepts attachment to a pre-existing named pipe instance, allowing local interception of NetNamedPipe traffi…
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Medium 6.9
FOSSBilling has race condition in cart checkout that bypasses promo code usage limits
FOSSBilling is a free, open-source billing and client management system. Prior to version 0.8.0, a race condition in the cart checkout flow allows an authenticated client to apply a promo code beyond its configured maximum uses. By sending concurrent checkout…
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High 7.8
Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition in DSP Service
Memory Corruption when processing asynchronous input parameters due to improper handling of modified values between check and use.
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High 7.5
Microsoft Edge for Android Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Microsoft Edge for Android allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
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High 8.7
DTLS listener crash via race condition in dtls_packet_demux causes denial of service for all sessions
Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition vulnerability in Erlang/OTP ssl (dtls_packet_demux module) allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to crash all active DTLS sessions on a listener. A DTLS server listener uses a single shared dtls_packet_dem…
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High 8.5
NVIDIA Container Toolkit for Linux contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause a time-of-check time-of-use r…
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Medium 6.4
Improper XPC caller certificate validation and TOCTOU race condition in macOS PrivilegedHelperTool
Improper certificate validation and a time-of-check time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the PrivilegedHelperTool XPC service in Cato Client before v.5.13.1 on macOS allows a local authenticated attacker to escalate privileges to root via a self-signed cert…
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Medium 5.9
Time-of-check time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition vulnerability in Samsung Open Source Escargot allows Leveraging Race …
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Medium 5.9
Hi.Events 1.9.0 - Promo Code Max-Usage Bypass via Asynchronous Job Race Condition
Hi.Events through 1.9.0 contains a promo code validation vulnerability where reservation validates usage count before asynchronous UpdateEventStatisticsJob increments it, allowing attackers to redeem limited promo codes unlimited times. Attackers can sequenti…
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Medium 5.9
Lack of signature verification before execution of downloaded content
Honeywell IQ MultiAccess, all versions prior to and including version 28, contain an improper digital signature verification vulnerability. An attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to the replacement of downloaded file with a maliciou…
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Medium 6.3
acl < 2.4.0 TOCTOU Symlink Traversal via getfacl/setfacl/chacl
acl before version 2.4.0 contains a time-of-check to time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition vulnerability that allows local attackers to escalate privileges by replacing a pathname component with a symbolic link between an lstat() check and subsequent symlink-fo…
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Medium 4.5
antlr ANTLR4 Maven Plugin GrammarDependencies.java ObjectInputStream.readObject toctou
A flaw has been found in antlr ANTLR4 up to 4.13.2. This affects the function ObjectInputStream.readObject of the file antlr4-maven-plugin/src/main/java/org/antlr/mojo/antlr4/GrammarDependencies.java of the component Maven Plugin. This manipulation causes tim…
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High 8.5
Budibase: Potential SSRF DNS rebinding bypass in outbound fetch validation
Budibase is an open-source low-code platform. Prior to 3.39.9, authenticated users with automation permissions can bypass Budibase's SSRF blacklist through DNS rebinding. The outbound fetch flow validates a hostname against the blacklist before the request is…
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High 7.5CVE-2026-52885 Public exploit
Notepad++ TOCTOU: HMAC Checks Disk, Executes from Memory
Notepad++ is a free and open-source source code editor. Prior to 8.9.6.4, NppCommands.cpp checks the HMAC of the on-disk shortcuts.xml at the moment a user command fires (Time-of-Check). However, the command payload is taken from the in-memory _userCommands v…
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High 8.4
File Browser: Improper Access Control Occurs via Pre-Created Public Share for a Non-existent Path
File Browser is a file managing interface for uploading, deleting, previewing, renaming, and editing files within a specified directory. Prior to 2.63.7, `POST /api/share/<path>` accepts an authenticated request for an arbitrary path and stores a public share…
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High 7.8
xsk: cache csum_start/csum_offset to fix TOCTOU in xsk_skb_metadata()
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xsk: cache csum_start/csum_offset to fix TOCTOU in xsk_skb_metadata() The TX metadata area resides in the UMEM buffer which is memory-mapped and concurrently writable by userspace. In xsk_skb…
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High 7.8
drm/gem: Try to fix change_handle ioctl, attempt 4
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/gem: Try to fix change_handle ioctl, attempt 4 [airlied: just added some comments on how to reenable] On-list because the cat is out of the bag and we're clearly not good enough to figure…