Weakness (CWE)
CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.
More detail
It is likely that an attacker would have to be an authenticated user in the system. However, the authorization process would not properly check the data access operation to ensure that the authenticated user performing the operation has sufficient entitlements to perform the requested data access, hence bypassing any other authorization checks present in the system.
For example, attackers can look at places where user specific data is retrieved (e.g. search screens) and determine whether the key for the item being looked up is controllable externally. The key may be a hidden field in the HTML form field, might be passed as a URL parameter or as an unencrypted cookie variable, then in each of these cases it will be possible to tamper with the key value.
How to prevent it (3 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.
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Architecture and Design
Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.
Source: MITRE CWE-639
207 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Critical 9.6
Cross-Tenant API Key Reuse and Billing Fraud in Langflow Voice Mode Subsystem
IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.10.0 voice mode contains improper shared-state handling that allows reuse of API clients across tenant boundaries. An authenticated attacker can manipulate cache state to cause requests from other users to be processed using i…
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Critical 9.8
ProfileGrid - User Profiles, Groups and Communities <= 5.9.9.5 - Unauthenticated Privilege Escalation via Email Overwrite
The ProfileGrid – User Profiles, Groups and Communities plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to privilege escalation via account takeover in all versions up to, and including, 5.9.9.5. This is due to the plugin not validating a `user_login` on registration form…
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Critical 9.6
Coolify Cross-Team IDOR: Livewire Components Accept Unscoped server_id and destination_uuid — Deploy to Other Teams' Servers
Coolify is an open-source and self-hostable tool for managing servers, applications, and databases. Prior to 4.0.0-beta.474, Coolify's API controllers consistently validate server ownership with Server::whereTeamId($teamId) before any operation. However, mult…
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Critical 9.9CVE-2026-52782 Public exploit
OpenProject: IDOR through /projects/<A>/settings/project_storages/<A_ps_id> via PATCH parameter "storages_project_storage[project_folder_id]" leads to Access to Unauthorized Resources
OpenProject is open-source, web-based project management software. Prior to 17.3.3 and 17.4.1, there is an IDOR through /projects/<A>/settings/project_storages/<A_ps_id> via PATCH parameter "storages_project_storage[project_folder_id]" leads to Access to Unau…
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Critical 9.4
MISP Core: Mass Assignment and Object Re-ownership via Unvalidated Request Fields
Multiple MISP core controllers and model capture paths accepted client-controlled request fields such as primary keys (id) and ownership/scope foreign keys (event_id, org_id, user_id, sharing_group_id, galaxy_cluster_uuid, organisation_uuid, and related neste…
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Critical 9.1
Roxy-WI: IDOR on PUT /smon/check — any user can rewrite any tenant's monitoring URL/IP/body
Roxy-WI is a web interface for managing Haproxy, Nginx, Apache and Keepalived servers. In versions 8.2.6.4 and prior, PUT /smon/check (app/routes/smon/routes.py:117-138) gates only on roxywi_common.check_user_group_for_flask() — which validates that the calle…
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Critical 9.9
Roxy-WI: Cross-tenant authorization bypass on /install/* — guest can run Ansible / SSH on every registered server
Roxy-WI is a web interface for managing Haproxy, Nginx, Apache and Keepalived servers. In versions 8.2.6.4 and prior, the install blueprint declares only bp.before_request → @jwt_required() (app/routes/install/routes.py:36-39). The individual endpoints instal…
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Critical 9.6
Migration-planner: getsourcedownloadurl missing organization check
A flaw was found in migration-planner. An authenticated attacker could exploit an improper access control vulnerability in the `/api/v1/sources/{id}/image-url` endpoint. This flaw allows the attacker to bypass an ownership check and obtain presigned S3 URLs f…
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Critical 9.6
Migration-planner: agent api ignores jwt source_id claim
A flaw was found in migration-planner. The agent-API middleware processes JSON Web Tokens (JWTs) for authentication, but its UpdateSourceInventory and UpdateAgentStatus handlers fail to validate the source_id claim within these tokens against the requested so…
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Critical 9.0
Termix Vulnerable to Arbitrary Command Execution in File Manager
Termix is a web-based server management platform with SSH terminal, tunneling, and file editing capabilities. Prior to version 2.3.2, the GET /ssh/file_manager/ssh/resolvePath endpoint in the Termix File Manager component unsafely processes the path parameter…
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Critical 9.0CVE-2026-45746 Public exploit
Termix Vulnerable to Arbitrary Command Execution via Session Hijacking
Termix is a web-based server management platform with SSH terminal, tunneling, and file editing capabilities. Prior to version 2.3.2, the File Manager functionality in Termix contains a critical Broken Access Control vulnerability due to improper validation o…
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Critical 10.0
Unauthenticated SOAP Endpoint in Altium 365 SearchService Allows Cross-Tenant Data Exfiltration and Index Destruction
A missing authentication vulnerability exists in the Altium 365 SearchService. A legacy SOAP endpoint exposes search index operations without requiring authentication, session tokens, or any form of identity verification. An unauthenticated network attacker w…
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Critical —
MCP Gateway: Authority-injection and JWT/session bypass via the unauthenticated router hair-pin "router-key" / "mcp-init-host" path
## Summary The MCP router (ext_proc) exposes an `initialize`-method code path that, when a request carries an `mcp-init-host` header, bypasses the gateway JWT session validator and rewrites the upstream `:authority` header to whatever the caller chooses, gate…
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Critical 9.3
Authentication Bypass in Sparx Pro Cloud Server
Sparx Pro Cloud Server requires authentication based on requested URL. An attacker can omit the "model" query parameter and send the model name only in the binary blob in POST request allowing SQL query execution without authentication. The vendor was notifie…
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Critical 9.1
Dify < 1.14.2 Authorization Bypass via Trace Configuration Endpoints
Dify before version 1.14.2 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows authenticated editor users to set and enable trace configurations for any application regardless of tenant ownership. Attackers can exploit missing tenant ownership checks i…
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Critical 9.8
IDOR in Akıllı Ticaret's E-Commerce Pack
Authorization bypass through User-Controlled key vulnerability in Akilli Commerce Software Technologies Ltd. Co. E-Commerce Website allows Session Hijacking. This issue affects E-Commerce Website: before 4.5.001.
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Critical 9.1
Relay Server WebSocket authentication bypass when token is omitted
Relay adds real-time collaboration to Obsidian. Relay Server versions 0.9.0 through 0.9.6 contain an authentication bypass in the multi-document WebSocket endpoints. When authentication is configured, WebSocket connections without a token query parameter were…
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Critical 9.1CVE-2026-29204 Public exploit
Insufficient ownership check in `clientarea.php` allows an authenticated client area user to submit requests using anot…
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Critical 9.9
A critical IDOR vulnerability has been discovered in Comet Backup affecting all versions from 20.11.0 to 26.1.1 and 26.…
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Critical 9.8
NVIDIA NVFlare Dashboard: Authorization bypass through user-controlled key via user management and authentication system
NVIDIA NVFlare Dashboard contains a vulnerability in the user management and authentication system where an unauthenticated attacker may cause authorization bypass through user-controlled key. A successful exploit of this vulnerability may lead to privilege e…
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Critical 9.8
ThinkPHP 5.0.23 Remote Code Execution via invokefunction
ThinkPHP 5.0.23 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code by invoking functions through the routing parameter. Attackers can craft requests to the index.php endpoint with malicious funct…
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Critical 9.0
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key in Crafty Controller
An insecure direct object reference vulnerability in the Users API component of Crafty Controller allows a remote, authenticated attacker to perform user modification actions via improper API permissions validation.
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Critical 9.9
Paperclip: Cross-tenant agent API key IDOR in `/agents/:id/keys` routes allows full victim-company compromise
## Summary The `GET`, `POST`, and `DELETE` handlers under `/agents/:id/keys` in the Paperclip control-plane API only call `assertBoard(req)`, which verifies that the caller has a board-type session but does not verify that the caller has access to the company…
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Critical 9.9
Paperclip: Cross-tenant agent API token minting via missing assertCompanyAccess on /api/agents/:id/keys
<img width="7007" height="950" alt="01-setup" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/1596b8d1-8de5-4c21-b1d2-2db41b568d7e" /> > Isolated paperclip instance running in authenticated mode (default config) > on a clean Docker image matching commit b649b…
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Critical 9.1CVE-2026-25197 Public exploit
Gardyn Cloud API Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
A specific endpoint allows authenticated users to pivot to other user profiles by modifying the id number in the API call.
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Critical 9.3
Coverity CLI Authentication Bypass
Vulnerable versions of Coverity Connect lack an error handler in the authentication logic for command line tooling that makes it vulnerable to an authentication bypass. A malicious actor with access to the /token API endpoint that either knows or guesses a va…
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Critical 9.6
mdjnelson/moodle-mod_customcert Vulnerable to Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
mdjnelson/moodle-mod_customcert is a Moodle plugin for creating dynamically generated certificates with complete customization via the web browser. Prior to versions 4.4.9 and 5.0.3, a teacher who holds `mod/customcert:manage` in any single course can read an…
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Critical 9.8
Telesquare SKT LTE Router SDT-CS3B1 Insecure Direct Object Reference
Telesquare SKT LTE Router SDT-CS3B1 firmware version 1.2.0 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability that allows attackers to bypass authorization and access resources by manipulating user-supplied input parameters. Attackers can directly ref…
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Critical 10.0
Winter: Privilege escalation by authenticated backend users
Winter is a free, open-source content management system (CMS) based on the Laravel PHP framework. Prior to 1.0.477, 1.1.12, and 1.2.12, Winter CMS allowed authenticated backend users to escalate their accounts level of access to the system by modifying the ro…
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Critical 9.8
SAPIDO RB-1732 V2.0.43 Remote Command Execution via formSysCmd
SAPIDO RB-1732 V2.0.43 contains a remote command execution vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary system commands by submitting malicious input to the formSysCmd endpoint. Attackers can send POST requests with the sysCmd para…
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Critical 9.8
Taskosaur Improper Role Assignment via Parameter Manipulation in User Registration
Taskosaur is an open source project management platform with conversational AI for task execution in-app. In 1.0.0, the application does not properly validate or restrict the role parameter during the user registration process. An attacker can manually modify…
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Critical 9.3
Wekan has Cross-Board IDOR in Custom Fields Update Endpoints
Wekan is an open source kanban tool built with Meteor. Versions 8.32 and 8.33 have a critical Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) issue which could allow unauthorized users to modify custom fields across boards through its custom fields update endpoints, …
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Critical 9.4
An Authentication Bypass vulnerability in Smanga 3.2.7 allows an unauthenticated attacker to reset the password of any …
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Critical 9.2
Pterodactyl Panel Allows Cross-Node Server Configuration Disclosure via Remote API Missing Authorization
Wings is the server control plane for Pterodactyl, a free, open-source game server management panel. Prior to version 1.12.1, a missing authorization check in multiple controllers allows any user with access to a node secret token to fetch information about a…
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Critical 9.1
Gitea: Cross-Repository Authorization Bypass via Release Attachment Linking Leads to Private Attachment Disclosure
Gitea does not properly validate repository ownership when linking attachments to releases. An attachment uploaded to a private repository could potentially be linked to a release in a different public repository, making it accessible to unauthorized users.
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Critical 9.1
Gitea Git LFS Lock Deletion Broken Access Control (Cross-Repo IDOR)
Gitea does not properly validate repository ownership when deleting Git LFS locks. A user with write access to one repository may be able to delete LFS locks belonging to other repositories.
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Critical 9.4
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key in Hubitat Elevation Hubs
An Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Hubitat Elevation home automation controllers prior to version 2.4.2.157 could allow a remote authenticated user to control connected devices outside of their authorized scope via client-sid…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2025-15521 Public exploit
Academy LMS – WordPress LMS Plugin for Complete eLearning Solution <= 3.5.0 - Unauthenticated Privilege Escalation via Account Takeover
The Academy LMS – WordPress LMS Plugin for Complete eLearning Solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to privilege escalation via account takeover in all versions up to, and including, 3.5.0. This is due to the plugin not properly validating a user's iden…
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Critical 10.0
Cal.com has an Authentication Bypass via Unvalidated Email in Custom JWT Callback
Cal.com is open-source scheduling software. From 3.1.6 to before 6.0.7, there is a vulnerability in a custom NextAuth JWT callback that allows attackers to gain full authenticated access to any user's account by supplying a target email address via session.up…
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Critical 10.0
Affected devices do not properly enforce user authentication on specific API endpoints. This could facilitate an unauth…