Weakness (CWE)
CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.
More detail
It is likely that an attacker would have to be an authenticated user in the system. However, the authorization process would not properly check the data access operation to ensure that the authenticated user performing the operation has sufficient entitlements to perform the requested data access, hence bypassing any other authorization checks present in the system.
For example, attackers can look at places where user specific data is retrieved (e.g. search screens) and determine whether the key for the item being looked up is controllable externally. The key may be a hidden field in the HTML form field, might be passed as a URL parameter or as an unencrypted cookie variable, then in each of these cases it will be possible to tamper with the key value.
How to prevent it (3 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.
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Architecture and Design
Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.
Source: MITRE CWE-639
3,317 results · Feed
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Medium 5.4
WordPress SmartCrawl plugin <= 3.16.4 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in WPMU DEV SmartCrawl smartcrawl-seo allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects SmartCrawl: from n/a through 3.16.4.
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Medium 6.5
IDOR in SFM Software's Costifier
Authorization bypass through User-Controlled key vulnerability in SFM Software Technologies Inc. Costifier allows Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers. This issue affects Costifier: through 2026-10-16. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosur…
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High 7.5
FluentCart A New Era of eCommerce <= 1.7.0 - Insecure Direct Object Reference to Unauthenticated Sensitive Information Disclosure via 'order_id' and 'billing_address_id' Parameters
The FluentCart A New Era of eCommerce – Faster, Lighter, and Simpler plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 1.7.0 via the 'order_id + billing_address_id (also shipping_address_id)' paramete…
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Medium 4.3
Dokan: AI Powered WooCommerce Multivendor Marketplace Solution <= 5.2.1 - Insecure Direct Object Reference to Authenticated (Custom+) Limited Account Takeover via 'password' Parameter to /wp-json/dokan/v1/customers/{id}
The Dokan: AI Powered WooCommerce Multivendor Marketplace Solution – Build Your Own Amazon, eBay, Etsy plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 5.2.1 via the 'password' parameter due to missi…
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Medium 6.4
ClassroomIO through 1.0.0 IDOR via Course Submission Update, Grade and Delete Routes
ClassroomIO through 1.0.0 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability in the Hono API course submission routes that allows course tutors or admins to modify submissions in other courses. Attackers can supply their own course id with another cou…
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Medium 6.0
cool-admin-midway through 8.0.0 Missing Authorization via System Role Endpoints
cool-admin-midway through 8.0.0 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows non-superadmin admins to read, modify, or delete other admins' roles by supplying arbitrary role ids. Attackers holding ordinary sys:role permissions can call /admin/sy…
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High 7.2
cool-admin-midway through 8.0.0 Authorization Bypass via /admin/sys/user Endpoints
cool-admin-midway through 8.0.0 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows department-limited admins to manage users outside their departments by supplying arbitrary user ids. Attackers holding sys:user:* permissions can call /admin/sys/user/i…
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Medium 6.5
MinDoc through 2.2-beta.2 IDOR via /api/:key/content/:id GET Branch
MinDoc through 2.2-beta.2 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability in DocumentController.Content that allows authenticated users to read documents from unauthorized books. Attackers holding a non-observer role on any book can name that book …
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High 7.1
CRMEB 5.6.1 through 6.0.0 IDOR via giftDetail and receiveGift
CRMEB 5.6.1 through 6.0.0 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability that allows authenticated storefront users to read and claim other users' orders via the gift-order API. Attackers can enumerate sequential order IDs in gift_detail to harves…
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Medium 6.5
BISHENG through 3.0.0-beta4 IDOR via /api/v1/knowledge/file_bbox
BISHENG through 3.0.0-beta4 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability that allows authenticated low-privileged users to read other users' parsed documents by supplying arbitrary file_id values. Attackers can enumerate sequential file ids agai…
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Medium 5.4
SendPortal sendportal-core through 4.0.1 Cross-Workspace Tag Attachment via Subscriber Form
SendPortal sendportal-core through 4.0.1 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows authenticated workspace members to attach subscribers to other workspaces' tags by supplying unvalidated tag IDs. Attackers can submit sequential tag IDs via t…
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Medium 6.3
zhontai Admin.Core through 10.1.0 Authorization Bypass via User and Organization By-ID Endpoints
zhontai Admin.Core through 10.1.0 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows authenticated users to ignore department DataScope restrictions by supplying out-of-scope record ids. Attackers holding user or organization module permissions with D…
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Low 3.1
crmeb_java through 3.1 Authorization Bypass via Front Order Express and Refund Endpoints
crmeb_java through 3.1 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows authenticated members to read other members' orders by supplying their order numbers. Attackers can request /api/front/order/express/{orderId} or /api/front/order/apply/refund/{…
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Medium 4.2
metasfresh through 5.175 Authorization Bypass via /rest/api/board REST API
metasfresh through 5.175 contains a missing record-level authorization vulnerability in BoardRestController that allows authenticated low-privilege users to bypass role and organization access checks. Attackers can call the getBoard, getCard, addCard, removeC…
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Medium 5.4
Likeshop through 3.5.1 IDOR via AfterSale API Refund Endpoints
Likeshop through 3.5.1 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability in AfterSale.php and AfterSaleLogic.php that lets authenticated users access other customers' after-sale records by supplying their ids. Attackers with self-registered accounts …
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Medium 4.3
Trudesk through 1.2.11 Authorization Bypass via GET /api/v1/messages/conversation/:id
Trudesk through 1.2.11 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows any authenticated user to read private conversations by supplying another conversation's id. Attackers can request GET /api/v1/messages/conversation/:id, which lacks participant…
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Medium 5.4
ZenTao PMS through 22.6 Authorization Bypass via action::editComment
ZenTao PMS through 22.6 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability in action::editComment that allows authenticated users to read and overwrite other users' comments by supplying an arbitrary actionID. Attackers can iterate sequential action ids to modify…
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Medium 4.3
APITable through 1.14.0-beta Authorization Bypass via GET /node/{nodeId}/description
APITable through 1.14.0-beta contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows authenticated users to read node descriptions from other spaces by supplying a user-controlled nodeId. Attackers can request GET /node/{nodeId}/description, which skips sp…
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Medium 6.3
Dokploy through 0.30.8 Cross-Organization Authorization Bypass via port tRPC Router
Dokploy through 0.30.8 contains a cross-organization authorization bypass in the port tRPC router that allows authenticated owners or admins of any organization to manage other tenants' ports because the target application's organization is never verified. At…
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Medium 5.3
rustdesk-api through 2.7 Authorization Bypass via POST /api/sysinfo
rustdesk-api through 2.7 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to overwrite existing peer records by supplying only a target device ID to POST /api/sysinfo. Attackers can overwrite hostname, username, OS and uuid…
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High 8.8
EnergizeLab Eilik User-ID Mass Assignment Account Takeover
The EnergizeLab Eilik NestJS auth service accepts a user-controlled user ID in account update requests (mass assignment). A registered user can set another account's identifier and take over that account.
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Medium 6.0
temporal-proxy payload decryption is not bound to the request namespace
temporal-proxy 0.2.0 through 0.8.0 does not bind encrypted payloads to the namespace they were encrypted for. When payload encryption is enabled, the proxy chooses the decryption key by an identifier stored in the payload rather than by the namespace of the r…
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Low 3.1
La Suite Docs through 6.0.1 Authorization Bypass via Comment Thread Creation
La Suite Docs through 6.0.1 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows authenticated users to write comments into threads of documents they cannot access. Attackers who know a thread UUID can route a POST comment request through their own docu…
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Medium 5.4
WordPress ELEX WooCommerce Advanced Bulk Edit Products, Prices & Attributes plugin <= 1.5.3 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in ELEXtensions ELEX WooCommerce Advanced Bulk Edit Products, Prices & Attributes elex-bulk-edit-products-prices-attributes-for-woocommerce-basic allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Co…
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Medium 6.3
WordPress Simply Schedule Appointments plugin <= 1.6.12.35 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in NSquared Simply Schedule Appointments simply-schedule-appointments allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Simply Schedule Appointments: from …
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Medium 6.5
NL Portal Backend Libraries: Document contents remained downloadable by any logged-in user until 3.0.3 (incomplete fix of CVE-2026-49463)
NL Portal Backend Libraries provide backend components for Dutch government portals that interact with residents, customers, suppliers, and partner organizations. Prior to 3.0.3, both the getDocumentContent GraphQL query and GET /api/documentapi/{documentapi}…
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High 8.2
Lychee: Album password bypass in ZIP downloads
Lychee is a free, open-source photo-management tool. Prior to 7.6.3, GET /api/v2/Zip authorizes album and photo archives through AlbumPolicy::canDownload() and PhotoPolicy::canDownload() without first enforcing AlbumPolicy::canAccess(). For a public, password…
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Medium 6.5
EspoCRM: Mass email template renderer leaks restricted record fields
EspoCRM is an open source customer relationship management application. Prior to 10.0.3, a user with email-template edit access and mass-email sending access can reference restricted record fields in a template because the renderer stops filtering those field…
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Medium 4.3
EspoCRM: Target list Opt-Out actions allows opting out record without access Target List and access to record
EspoCRM is an open source customer relationship management application. Prior to 9.3.7, a low-privileged user who can access a shared TargetList can invoke opt-out or cancel-opt-out actions for a protected Contact or Lead that the user cannot read or edit. Th…
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High 7.5
WordPress Webba Booking plugin <= 6.5.2 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Webba Plugins Webba Booking webba-booking-lite allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Webba Booking: from n/a through 6.5.2.
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High 7.5
In `api-gateway` versions till `1.7.3`, The default rate-limit key resolver, `ClientIpKeyResolver`, derives the per-cli…
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High 8.7
Access Code Forgery in Video Station leading to unauthorized media access
An authorization bypass through user-controlled key vulnerability has been reported to affect Video Station. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow remote attackers to obtain sensitive data. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versio…
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Medium 4.3
Social Media Auto Post & Scheduler <= 9.1.4 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Insecure Direct Object Reference to Sensitive Information Exposure
The Blog2Social – Social Media Auto Post & Scheduler plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 9.1.4. This is due to the b2s_ship_item and b2s_ship_item_reload_url AJAX handlers lacking per-ob…
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High 7.1
n8n before 1.123.83 Authorization Bypass via Execute Sub-workflow Inline JSON
n8n before 1.123.83 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows authenticated members to spoof workflow identity by supplying a trusted identifier in Execute Sub-workflow inline JSON mode. Attackers can set this identifier to resolve credential…
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Medium 6.1
n8n before 2.41.4 and 2.42.1 Cross-Project Agent Ownership Transfer via Agents Create Endpoint
n8n before 2.41.4 and 2.42.x before 2.42.1 contains an authorization bypass in the Agents create endpoint, which accepts a caller-supplied Agent ID, checks permissions only against the requested project, and updates an existing Agent without verifying which p…
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Medium 6.1
n8n before 2.41.4 and 2.42.0 Authorization Bypass in Agent Chat Resume Tool Approval
n8n before 2.41.4 and 2.42.0 contains an authorization bypass in the agent chat resume endpoint, which accepts a run identifier from the request body without verifying that the suspended checkpoint belongs to the caller. Authenticated project members can list…
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High 7.5
Insufficient Authorization and User Boundary Validation in Omada Controller MSP
In Omada Controller MSP mode, the user-confirmation endpoint fails to enforce the required permission check. An authenticated user can supply a caller-controlled Identifier parameter to validate credentials for another account and receive responses that disti…
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Medium 5.4
FileRise renameFolder omits destination-parent authorization
FileRise is a self-hosted web-based file manager with multi-file upload, editing, and batch operations. Prior to 3.23.0, FileRise /api/folder/renameFolder.php authorizes an authenticated, non-folder-scoped, non-administrator with a valid CSRF token against th…
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High 8.2
OpenAEV has unauthenticated access and missing object-level authorization on player lessons API
OpenAEV is an open source platform allowing organizations to plan, schedule and conduct cyber adversary simulation campaign and tests. Prior to version 2.260622.0, on a default installation, the `/api/player/**` lessons endpoints can be called without authent…
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Medium 6.5
Plane: Cross-Project Page Content Disclosure via PageVersionEndpoint Missing Project Scope
Plane is an open-source project management tool. Prior to 1.4.0, PageVersionEndpoint in apps/api/plane/app/views/page/version.py scopes page-version lookups by workspace and page identifiers but not by the project_id from the URL. ProjectPagePermission likewi…