Weakness (CWE)
CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.
More detail
It is likely that an attacker would have to be an authenticated user in the system. However, the authorization process would not properly check the data access operation to ensure that the authenticated user performing the operation has sufficient entitlements to perform the requested data access, hence bypassing any other authorization checks present in the system.
For example, attackers can look at places where user specific data is retrieved (e.g. search screens) and determine whether the key for the item being looked up is controllable externally. The key may be a hidden field in the HTML form field, might be passed as a URL parameter or as an unencrypted cookie variable, then in each of these cases it will be possible to tamper with the key value.
How to prevent it (3 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.
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Architecture and Design
Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.
Source: MITRE CWE-639
3,334 results · Feed
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Low 3.8
Insecure direct object reference
An API endpoint allowed access to sensitive files from other users by knowing the UUID of the file that were not intended to be accessible by UUID only.
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Medium 6.5
Turms IM Server v0.10.0-SNAPSHOT and earlier contains a broken access control vulnerability in the user online status q…
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Medium 5.3
WordPress Post Grid and Gutenberg Blocks plugin <= 2.3.23 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in PickPlugins Post Grid and Gutenberg Blocks post-grid allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Post Grid and Gutenberg Blocks: from n/a through …
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Medium 4.3
WordPress Radius Blocks plugin <= 2.2.1 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in RadiusTheme Radius Blocks radius-blocks allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Radius Blocks: from n/a through <= 2.2.1.
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High 7.5
IDOR in Utarit Informatics' SoliClub
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Utarit Informatics Services Inc. SoliClub allows Functionality Misuse. This issue affects SoliClub: from 5.2.4 before 5.3.7.
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Medium 4.3
HUSKY – Products Filter Professional for WooCommerce <= 1.3.7.3 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Insecure Direct Object Reference via 'woof_add_subscr'
The HUSKY – Products Filter Professional for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.7.3 via the "woof_add_subscr" function due to missing validation on a user controlled key…
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Critical 9.3
Gaining remote control over Govee devices
A flaw in the binding process of Govee’s cloud platform and devices allows a remote attacker to bind an existing, online Govee device to the attacker’s account, resulting in full control of the device and removal of the device from its legitimate owner’s acco…
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Medium 6.5
WordPress Contact Form Email plugin <= 1.3.60 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in codepeople Contact Form Email contact-form-to-email allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Contact Form Email: from n/a through <= 1.3.60.
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High 7.5
ProjectSend r1605 Insecure Direct Object Reference File Download Vulnerability
ProjectSend r1605 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to download private files by manipulating the download ID parameter. Attackers can access any user's private files by changing the 'id' paramete…
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Critical 9.8
UliCMS 2023.1 Authentication Bypass via Mass Assignment Vulnerability
UliCMS 2023.1 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to create admin users through mass assignment in the UserController. Attackers can send a crafted POST request to the admin index.php endpoint with specific pa…
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Medium 5.3
AVideo < 20.1 IDOR Arbitrary Video Rotation
AVideo versions prior to 20.1 contain an insecure direct object reference vulnerability allowing users with upload permissions to modify the rotation metadata of any video. The endpoint verifies upload capability but fails to enforce ownership or management r…
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High 8.7
AVideo < 20.1 IDOR Arbitrary Comment Image Upload
AVideo versions prior to 20.1 permit any authenticated user to upload comment images to videos owned by other users. The endpoint validates authentication but omits ownership checks, allowing attackers to perform unauthorized uploads to arbitrary video object…
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High 8.7
AVideo < 20.1 IDOR Arbitrary File Deletion
AVideo versions prior to 20.1 are vulnerable to an insecure direct object reference (IDOR) that allows any authenticated user to delete media files belonging to other users. The affected endpoint validates authentication but fails to verify ownership or edit …
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High 8.7
AVideo < 20.1 IDOR Arbitrary File Upload
AVideo versions prior to 20.1 allow any authenticated user to upload files into directories belonging to other users due to an insecure direct object reference. The upload functionality verifies authentication but does not enforce ownership checks.
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High 7.1
IDOR in GG Soft's PaperWork
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in GG Soft Software Services Inc. PaperWork allows Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers. This issue affects PaperWork: from 5.2.0.9427 before 6.0.
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High 7.5
Ninja Forms – The Contact Form Builder That Grows With You <= 3.13.2 - Insecure Direct Object Reference to Unauthenticated Sensitive Information Exposure via Unscoped Bearer Token
The Ninja Forms – The Contact Form Builder That Grows With You plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in versions up to, and including, 3.13.2. This is due to the plugin not properly verifying that a user is authorized before t…
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Critical 9.8
Pagekit CMS has an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) in its User Role component
An Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) in Pagekit CMS v1.0.18 allows attackers to escalate privileges.
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High 7.5
IDOR in Menulux Software's Mobile App
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Menulux Software Inc. Mobile App allows Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers. This issue affects Mobile App: before 9.5.8.
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Medium 6.5
WordPress Essential Real Estate plugin <= 5.3.2 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in g5theme Essential Real Estate essential-real-estate allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Essential Real Estate: from n/a through <= 5.3.2.
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Medium 5.3
WordPress Document Library Lite plugin <= 1.1.7 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Barn2 Plugins Document Library Lite document-library-lite allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Document Library Lite: from n/a through <= 1…
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Medium 5.3
WordPress FAPI Member plugin <= 2.2.30 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in FAPI Business s.r.o. FAPI Member fapi-member allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects FAPI Member: from n/a through <= 2.2.30.
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Medium 4.3
InvoicePlane commit debb446c is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control. The invoices/view handler fails to verify owner…
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High 8.1
Apache Fineract: IDOR via self-service API
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Apache Fineract. This issue affects Apache Fineract: through 1.11.0. The issue is fixed in version 1.12.1. Users are encouraged to upgrade to version 1.13.0, the latest release.
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Medium 4.3
Ultra Addons for Contact Form 7 <= 3.5.33 - Missing Authorization to Authenticated (Subscriber+) to Generate Form Submission PDF
The Ultra Addons for Contact Form 7 plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing capability check on the 'uacf7_get_generated_pdf' function in all versions up to, and including, 3.5.33. This makes it possible for authenti…
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Medium 4.3
In GroupSession, a Circular notice can be created with its memo field non-editable, but the authorization check is impr…
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Medium 5.3
Campay Woocommerce Payment Gateway <= 1.2.2 - Unauthenticated Payment Bypass
The Campay Woocommerce Payment Gateway plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Unauthenticated Payment Bypass in all versions up to, and including, 1.2.2. This is due to the plugin not properly validating that a transaction has occurred through the payment gate…
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Medium 4.3
Nextcloud Server 30.0.0 is vulnerable to an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) in the /core/preview endpoint. Any …
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High 7.6
IDOR in Netiket''s ApplyLogic
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Netiket Information Technologies Ltd. Co. ApplyLogic allows Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers. This issue affects ApplyLogic: through 01.12.2025.
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High 7.6
IDOR in Aksis Computer's AxOnboard
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Aksis Computer Services and Consulting Inc. AxOnboard allows Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers. This issue affects AxOnboard: from 3.2.0 before 3.3.0.
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Medium 4.3
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key in GitLab
GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab EE affecting all versions from 13.2 before 18.4.6, 18.5 before 18.5.4, and 18.6 before 18.6.2 that could have allowed an authenticated user to disclose sensitive information from private projects by executing specifica…
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High 8.7
EIBIZ i-Media Server Digital Signage 3.8.0 Unauthenticated Configuration Disclosure
EIBIZ i-Media Server Digital Signage 3.8.0 contains an unauthenticated configuration disclosure vulnerability that allows remote attackers to access sensitive configuration files via direct object reference. Attackers can retrieve the SiteConfig.properties fi…
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Medium 4.3
IDOR in Im Park's DijiDemi
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Im Park Information Technology, Electronics, Press, Publishing and Advertising, Education Ltd. Co. DijiDemi allows Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers. This issue affects DijiDemi: through 28.1…
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High 8.3
Direct reference to insecure objects (IDOR) in CronosWeb from CronosWeb i2A
Direct Object Reference Vulnerability (IDOR) in i2A's CronosWeb, in versions prior to 25.00.00.12, inclusive. This vulnerability could allow an authenticated attacker to access other users' documents by manipulating the ‘documentCode’ parameter in '/CronosWeb…
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Medium 5.3
WordPress Media LIbrary Assistant plugin <= 3.29 - Broken Access Control vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in David Lingren Media LIbrary Assistant media-library-assistant allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Media LIbrary Assistant: from n/a throug…
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Medium 4.3
WordPress Thim Elementor Kit plugin <= 1.3.3 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in ThimPress Thim Elementor Kit thim-elementor-kit allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Thim Elementor Kit: from n/a through <= 1.3.3.
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High 8.1
Multiple Incorrect Access Control vulnerabilities in adata Software GmbH Mitarbeiterportal 2.15.2.0 allow remote authen…
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Medium 6.5
Tuleap exposes releases for all projects to File Release System project administrators
Tuleap is an Open Source Suite for management of software development and collaboration. Versions below 17.0.99.1762431347 of Tuleap Community Edition and Tuleap Enterprise Edition below 17.0-2, 16.13-7 and 16.12-10 allow attackers to access file release syst…
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Medium 5.3
Fluent Forms <= 6.1.7 - Unauthenticated Insecure Direct Object Reference to Payment Status Tampering via submission_id
The Fluent Forms – Customizable Contact Forms, Survey, Quiz, & Conversational Form Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 6.1.7 via the 'submission_id' parameter due to missing vali…
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Low 3.1
Nextcloud Twofactor WebAuthn app was updated based on public key
Nextcloud Twofactor WebAuthn is the WebAuthn Two-Factor Provider for Nextcloud. Prior to 1.4.2 and 2.4.1, a missing ownership check allowed an attack to take-away a 2FA webauthn device when correctly guessing a 80-128 character long random string of letters, …
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Low 3.5
Nextcloud talk allows participants to blindly delete poll drafts of other users by ID
Nextcloud talk is a video & audio conferencing app for Nextcloud. Prior to 20.1.8 and 21.1.2, a participant with chat permissions was able to delete poll drafts of other participants within the conversation based on their numeric ID. This vulnerability is fix…