Weakness (CWE)
CWE-73: External Control of File Name or Path
The product allows user input to control or influence paths or file names that are used in filesystem operations.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
When the set of filenames is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames, and reject all other inputs. For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap provide this capability.
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict all access to files within a particular directory.
Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
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Implementation
Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59).
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Installation, Operation
Use OS-level permissions and run as a low-privileged user to limit the scope of any successful attack.
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Operation, Implementation
If you are using PHP, configure your application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop your application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.
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Testing
Use tools and techniques that require manual (human) analysis, such as penetration testing, threat modeling, and interactive tools that allow the tester to record and modify an active session. These may be more effective than strictly automated techniques. This is especially the case with weaknesses that are related to design and business rules.
Source: MITRE CWE-73
281 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Medium 6.5
Western Telematic Inc NPS Series, DSM Series, CPM Series External Control of File Name or Path
Multiple Western Telematic (WTI) products contain a web interface that is vulnerable to a local file inclusion attack (LFI), where any authenticated user has privileged access to files on the device's filesystem.
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Medium 5.3
Drag and Drop Multiple File Upload – Contact Form 7 <= 1.3.8.5 - Limited Arbitrary File Deletion
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Medium 4.9
Juju controller - Arbitrary file reading vulnerability
An authenticated user who has read access to the juju controller model, may construct a remote request to download an arbitrary file from the controller's filesystem.
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Medium 6.5
W2S – Migrate WooCommerce to Shopify <= 1.2.1 - Missing Authorization to Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary File Read
The W2S – Migrate WooCommerce to Shopify plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Arbitrary File Read in all versions up to, and including, 1.2.1 via the 'viw2s_view_log' AJAX action. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level acce…
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Medium 6.9CVE-2025-0105 EPSS 13%
Expedition: Arbitrary File Deletion Vulnerability
An arbitrary file deletion vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks Expedition enables an unauthenticated attacker to delete arbitrary files accessible to the www-data user on the host filesystem.
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Medium 6.3
Campcodes School Faculty Scheduling System index.php file inclusion
A vulnerability was found in Campcodes School Faculty Scheduling System 1.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /admin/index.php. The manipulation of the argument page leads to file inclusion. The attac…
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Medium 5.5
TCS BaNCS REPORTS_SHOW_FILE.jsp file inclusion
A vulnerability was found in TCS BaNCS 10. It has been classified as problematic. This affects an unknown part of the file /REPORTS/REPORTS_SHOW_FILE.jsp. The manipulation of the argument FilePath leads to file inclusion. The real existence of this vulnerabil…
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Medium 4.9
Easy Digital Downloads <= 3.3.2 - Authenticated (Admin+) Arbitrary File Download
The Easy Digital Downloads – eCommerce Payments and Subscriptions made easy plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Directory Traversal in all versions up to, and including, 3.3.2 via the file download functionality. This makes it possible for authenticated att…
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Medium 4.3
SourceCodester Best House Rental Management System index.php file inclusion
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Best House Rental Management System 1.0 and classified as problematic. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /index.php. The manipulation of the argument page leads to file inclusion. The …
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Medium 6.5
NTLM Hash Disclosure Spoofing Vulnerability
NTLM Hash Disclosure Spoofing Vulnerability
KEV Nov 12, 2024 -
Medium 4.9
Code Explorer <= 1.4.5 - Authenticated (Admin+) External File Reading
The Code Explorer plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary external file reading in all versions up to, and including, 1.4.5. This is due to the fact that the plugin does not restrict accessing files to those outside of the WordPress instance, though t…
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Medium 6.5
File Overwrite Vulnerability in gaizhenbiao/chuanhuchatgpt
A file overwrite vulnerability exists in gaizhenbiao/chuanhuchatgpt versions <= 20240410. This vulnerability allows an attacker to gain unauthorized access to overwrite critical configuration files within the system. Exploiting this vulnerability can lead to …
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Medium 6.3
jeanmarc77 123solar admin_invt2.php file inclusion
A vulnerability was found in jeanmarc77 123solar up to 1.8.4.5. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /admin/admin_invt2.php. The manipulation of the argument PROTOCOLx leads to file inclusion. The attack may be…
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Medium 6.5
Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') in Progress WS_FTP Server
In WS_FTP Server versions before 8.8.8 (2022.0.8), an Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability in the Web Transfer Module allows File Discovery, Probe System Files, User-Controlled Filename, Path Traversal. …
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Medium 6.3
SourceCodester Simple Online Bidding System index.php file inclusion
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Simple Online Bidding System 1.0. It has been classified as critical. This affects an unknown part of the file /simple-online-bidding-system/bidding/index.php. The manipulation of the argument page leads to file inc…
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Medium 6.7
Microsoft Outlook Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
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Medium 6.5
Windows Compressed Folder Tampering Vulnerability
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Medium 6.3
itsourcecode Airline Reservation System index.php file inclusion
A vulnerability was found in itsourcecode Airline Reservation System 1.0 and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /admin/index.php. The manipulation of the argument page leads to file inclusion. The attack may be init…
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Medium 6.3
itsourcecode Airline Reservation System index.php file inclusion
A vulnerability has been found in itsourcecode Airline Reservation System 1.0 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /index.php. The manipulation of the argument page leads to file inclusion. The attack can be initiate…
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Medium 6.3
External Control of File Name or Path (CWE-73) in the Controller 6000 and Controller 7000 allows an attacker with local…
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Medium 6.6
Windows Distributed Transaction Coordinator Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
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Medium 4.4
Weblate vulnerabler to improper sanitization of project backups
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Medium 4.4
Local File Inclusion
Remote Command program allows an attacker to read any file using a Local File Inclusion vulnerability. An attacker can read any file on the printer. As for the affected products/models/versions, see the reference URL.
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Medium 5.3
Trend Micro VPN Proxy One Pro, version 5.8.1012 and below is vulnerable to an arbitrary file overwrite or create attack…
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Medium 6.5
Arbitrary File Overwrite
The application implements an up- and downvote function which alters a value within a JSON file. The POST parameters are not filtered properly and therefore an arbitrary file can be overwritten. The file can be controlled by an authenticated attacker, the con…
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Medium 6.1
Dell PowerScale OneFS versions 8.2.x through 9.7.0.2 contains an external control of file name or path vulnerability. A…
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Medium 5.3
Campcodes Online Laundry Management System index.php file inclusion
A vulnerability was found in Campcodes Online Laundry Management System 1.0 and classified as problematic. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /index.php. The manipulation of the argument page leads to file inclusion. The attack may be init…
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Medium 6.5
CVE
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Linux contains a vulnerability in the tracing API, where a user can corrupt system files. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to denial of service and data tampering.
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Medium 6.5
An issue was discovered in Logpoint before 7.4.0. It allows Local File Inclusion (LFI) when an arbitrary File Path is u…
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Medium 4.9
A file write vulnerability exists in the OAS Engine Tags Configuration functionality of Open Automation Software OAS Pl…
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Medium 4.9
A file write vulnerability exists in the OAS Engine Save Security Configuration functionality of Open Automation Softwa…
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Medium 5.4
Campcodes House Rental Management System index.php file inclusion
A vulnerability was found in Campcodes House Rental Management System 1.0. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file index.php. The manipulation of the argument page leads to file inclusion. The a…
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Medium 6.0
GeoServer arbitrary file renaming vulnerability in REST Coverage/Data Store API
GeoServer is an open source software server written in Java that allows users to share and edit geospatial data. An arbitrary file renaming vulnerability exists in versions prior to 2.23.5 and 2.24.2 that enables an authenticated administrator with permission…
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Medium 5.9
IBM Secure Proxy file manipulation
IBM Sterling Secure Proxy 6.0.3 and 6.1.0 could allow an attacker to overwrite a log message under specific conditions. IBM X-Force ID: 270598.
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Medium 6.5CVE-2024-26185 EPSS 30%
Windows Compressed Folder Tampering Vulnerability
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Medium 4.2
IBM Watson CP4D Data Stores file modificiation
IBM Watson CP4D Data Stores 4.6.0 through 4.6.3 could allow a user with physical access and specific knowledge of the system to modify files or data on the system. IBM X-Force ID: 248415.
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Medium 4.3
SourceCodester Best POS Management System index.php file inclusion
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Best POS Management System 1.0 and classified as problematic. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file index.php. The manipulation of the argument page leads to file inclusion. The attack may be initia…
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Medium 5.3
SourceCodester Insurance Management System file inclusion
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Medium 6.8
php-svg-lib lacks path validation on font through SVG inline styles
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Medium 4.4
CloudLinux CageFS 7.0.8-2 or below insufficiently restricts file paths supplied to the sendmail proxy command. This all…