Weakness (CWE)
CWE-79: Cross-site Scripting
The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
Examples of libraries and frameworks that make it easier to generate properly encoded output include Microsoft's Anti-XSS library, the OWASP ESAPI Encoding module, and Apache Wicket.
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Implementation, Architecture and Design
Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages. Study all expected communication protocols and data representations to determine the required encoding strategies.
For any data that will be output to another web page, especially any data that was received from external inputs, use the appropriate encoding on all non-alphanumeric characters.
Parts of the same output document may require different encodings, which will vary depending on whether the output is in the:
- HTML body
- Element attributes (such as src="XYZ")
- URIs
- JavaScript sections
- Cascading Style Sheets and style property
etc. Note that HTML Entity Encoding is only appropriate for the HTML body.
Consult the XSS Prevention Cheat Sheet [REF-724] for more details on the types of encoding and escaping that are needed.
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Architecture and Design, Implementation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Architecture and Design
If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
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Implementation
Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.
The problem of inconsistent output encodings often arises in web pages. If an encoding is not specified in an HTTP header, web browsers often guess about which encoding is being used. This can open up the browser to subtle XSS attacks.
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Implementation
With Struts, write all data from form beans with the bean's filter attribute set to true.
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Implementation
To help mitigate XSS attacks against the user's session cookie, set the session cookie to be HttpOnly. In browsers that support the HttpOnly feature (such as more recent versions of Internet Explorer and Firefox), this attribute can prevent the user's session cookie from being accessible to malicious client-side scripts that use document.cookie. This is not a complete solution, since HttpOnly is not supported by all browsers. More importantly, XmlHttpRequest and other powerful browser technologies provide read access to HTTP headers, including the Set-Cookie header in which the HttpOnly flag is set.
Source: MITRE CWE-79
2,694 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Low 2.4
projectworlds Expense Management System Users Page create cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in projectworlds Expense Management System 1.0. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /public/admin/users/create of the component Users Page. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack is possib…
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Low 3.5
projectworlds Gate Pass Management System add-pass.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in projectworlds Gate Pass Management System 1.0. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /add-pass.php. Executing a manipulation can lead to cross site scripting. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit…
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Low 3.5
Iqbolshoh php-business-website contact.php cross site scripting
A flaw has been found in Iqbolshoh php-business-website up to 10677743a8dfc281f85291a27cf63a0bce043c24. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file admin/contact.php. This manipulation of the argument twitter causes cross site scripting. The attack ma…
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Low 2.0
Liferay Portal Self Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability on the edit Knowledge Base article page
Self Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability on the edit Knowledge Base article page in Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.101, and older unsupported versions, and Liferay DXP 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.5, 7.4 GA through update 92, and older unsupported versi…
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Low 2.1
The CookieConsent extension does not properly use reserved data attributes, thus introducing potential XSS vectors
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in The Wikimedia Foundation MediaWiki CookieConsent extension allows Cross-Site Scripting (XSS).This issue affects MediaWiki CookieConsent extension: fro…
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Low 2.3
Vert.x-Web vulnerable to Stored Cross-site Scripting in directory listings via file names
In Eclipse Vert.x versions [4.0.0, 4.5.21] and [5.0.0, 5.0.4], when "directory listing" is enabled, file and directory names are inserted into generated HTML without proper escaping in the href, title, and link attributes. An attacker who can create or rename…
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Low 3.5
LogicalDOC Community Edition Add Contact frontend.jsp cross site scripting
A security flaw has been discovered in LogicalDOC Community Edition up to 9.2.1. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /frontend.jsp of the component Add Contact Page. Performing manipulation of the argument First Name/Last Name/Company/Addre…
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Low 3.5
toeverything AFFiNE Avatar Upload Image Endpoint cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in toeverything AFFiNE up to 0.24.1. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component Avatar Upload Image Endpoint. Such manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit is pub…
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Low 2.0
Stored XSS through system messages in QuizGame
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in The Wikimedia Foundation MediaWiki QuizGame extension allows Stored XSS.This issue affects MediaWiki QuizGame extension: 1.39, 1.43, 1.44.
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Low 2.0
Stored XSS through system messages in PollNY
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in The Wikimedia Foundation MediaWiki PollNY extension allows Stored XSS.This issue affects MediaWiki PollNY extension: 1.39, 1.43, 1.44.
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Low 2.0
Dify MCP OAuth Flow Vulnerable to XSS
Dify is an LLM application development platform. In Dify versions through 1.9.1, the MCP OAuth component is vulnerable to cross-site scripting when a victim connects to an attacker-controlled remote MCP server. The vulnerability exists in the OAuth flow imple…
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Low 3.8
LibreNMS alert-rules Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability
LibreNMS is a community-based GPL-licensed network monitoring system. The alert rule name in the Alerts > Alert Rules page is not properly sanitized, and can be used to inject HTML code. This vulnerability is fixed in 25.10.0.
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Low 3.5
Apeman ID71 set_alias.cgi cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in Apeman ID71 EN75.8.53.20. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /set_alias.cgi. Such manipulation of the argument alias leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has bee…
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Low 2.9
Mailgen has HTML Injection and XSS Filter Bypass in Plaintext Emails
mailgen is a Node.js package that generates responsive HTML e-mails for sending transactional mail. Mailgen versions through 2.0.31 contain an HTML injection vulnerability in plaintext emails generated with the generatePlaintext method when user generated con…
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Low 2.9
Mailgen vulnerable to HTML injection and cross-site scripting via plaintext email generation
mailgen is a Node.js package that generates responsive HTML e-mails for sending transactional mail. Mailgen versions through 2.0.30 contain an HTML injection vulnerability in plaintext emails produced by the generatePlaintext method when user‑generated conten…
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Low 3.5
WeGIA Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Reflected endpoint '/html/atendido/cadastro_atendido_parentesco_pessoa_nova.php' parameter 'idatendido'
WeGIA is an open source Web Manager for Institutions with a focus on Portuguese language users. Prior to 3.5.1, a Reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability was identified in the /html/atendido/cadastro_atendido_parentesco_pessoa_nova.php endpoint of …
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Low 2.4
Ericsson Network Manager: improper neutralization of user controlled input
Ericsson Network Manager versions prior to ENM 25.2 GA contain a vulnerability that, if exploited, can exfiltrate limited data or redirect victims to other sites or domains.
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Low 2.4
SourceCodester Student Grades Management System Manage Users admin.php add_user cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in SourceCodester Student Grades Management System 1.0. Affected is the function add_user of the file /admin.php of the component Manage Users Page. This manipulation of the argument first_name/last_name causes cross site script…
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Low 2.4
JhumanJ OpnForm Form Editor forms cross site scripting
A flaw has been found in JhumanJ OpnForm up to 1.9.3. This affects an unknown part of the file /api/open/forms/ of the component Form Editor. This manipulation causes cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been published a…
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Low 3.5
itsourcecode Leave Management System Query Parameter controller.php redirect cross site scripting
A security flaw has been discovered in itsourcecode Leave Management System 1.0. This impacts the function redirect of the file /module/employee/controller.php?action=reset of the component Query Parameter Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument ID…
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Low 2.4
projectworlds Advanced Library Management System edit_admin.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in projectworlds Advanced Library Management System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /edit_admin.php. The manipulation of the argument firstname leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attac…
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Low 3.5
code-projects Voting System candidates_edit.php cross site scripting
A flaw has been found in code-projects Voting System 1.0. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /admin/candidates_edit.php. This manipulation of the argument Firstname/Lastname/Platform causes cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of the…
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Low 2.1
Emlog vulnerable to stored XSS in file upload functionality in emlog
Emlog is an open source website building system. A cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in emlog up to and including version 2.5.22 allows authenticated remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the file upload functionality. As an authe…
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Low 2.4
langleyfcu Online Banking System Add Customer customer_add_action.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in langleyfcu Online Banking System up to 57437e6400ce0ae240e692c24e6346b8d0c17d7a. This impacts an unknown function of the file /customer_add_action.php of the component Add Customer Page. The manipulation of the argument First…
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Low 3.5
CmsEasy URL view.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in CmsEasy up to 7.7.7. This affects an unknown function in the library lib/inc/view.php of the component URL Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument PHP_SELF can lead to cross site scripting. The attack may be launche…
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Low 3.5
Vanderlande Baggage 360 messages cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in Vanderlande Baggage 360 7.0.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /api-addons/v1/messages. Such manipulation of the argument Message leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be performed from remote. …
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Low 2.4
westboy CicadasCMS Template Management TemplateFileServiceImpl.java save cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in westboy CicadasCMS up to 2431154dac8d0735e04f1fd2a3c3556668fc8dab. The impacted element is the function Save of the file src/main/java/com/zhiliao/common/template/TemplateFileServiceImpl.java of the component Template Managem…
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Low 2.4
Frappe LMS Course cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in Frappe LMS 2.35.0. This affects an unknown function of the component Course Handler. Executing manipulation of the argument Description can lead to cross site scripting. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has be…
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Low 2.4
Frappe LMS Incomplete Fix CVE-2025-55006 cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in Frappe LMS 2.34.x/2.35.0. The impacted element is an unknown function of the component Incomplete Fix CVE-2025-55006. Performing a manipulation results in cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The ex…
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Low 3.5
Rebuild Comment/Guestbook cross site scripting
A security flaw has been discovered in Rebuild up to 4.1.3. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component Comment/Guestbook. Performing manipulation results in cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. Upgra…
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Low 3.5
Gstarsoft GstarCAD File Renaming cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in Gstarsoft GstarCAD up to 9.4.0. This affects an unknown function of the component File Renaming Handler. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to …
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Low 2.4
Cudy TR1200 Wireless Settings config cross site scripting
A security vulnerability has been detected in Cudy TR1200 1.16.3-20230804-164635. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /cgi-bin/luci/admin/network/wireless/config/ of the component Wireless Settings Page. Such manipulation of the argument SSID leads to…
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Low 3.5
code-projects Project Monitoring System postjob.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in code-projects Project Monitoring System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /onlineJobSearchEngine/postjob.php. Such manipulation of the argument txtapplyto leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be launch…
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Low 2.4
westboy CicadasCMS Add Department save cross site scripting
A vulnerability was determined in westboy CicadasCMS 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /system/org/save of the component Add Department Handler. This manipulation of the argument Name causes cross site scripting. The attack…
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Low 2.4
westboy CicadasCMS save cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in westboy CicadasCMS 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /system/cms/category/save. The manipulation of the argument categoryName results in cross site scripting. The attack can be executed re…
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Low 2.4
Projectworlds Visitor Management System Add Visitor myform.php cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in Projectworlds Visitor Management System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /myform.php of the component Add Visitor Page. The manipulation of the argument Name leads to cross site scripting. Remote exploitation …
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Low 2.4
givanz Vvveb SVG File cross site scripting
A vulnerability was identified in givanz Vvveb up to 1.0.7.2. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component SVG File Handler. Such manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit is publicly…
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Low 2.4
Total.js CMS Files Menu cross site scripting
A vulnerability has been found in Total.js CMS up to 19.9.0. This impacts an unknown function of the component Files Menu. The manipulation leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and m…
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Low 2.4
Monkeytype Vulnerable to Self-XSS on loading saved custom text
Monkeytype is a minimalistic and customizable typing test. In versions 25.36.0 and prior, improper handling of user input when loading a saved custom text results in XSS. This issue has been fixed in version 25.44.0.
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Low 2.4
Changsha Developer Technology iView Editor Markdown cross site scripting
A vulnerability was found in Changsha Developer Technology iView Editor up to 1.1.1. This impacts an unknown function of the component Markdown Handler. The manipulation results in cross site scripting. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has…