Weakness (CWE)
CWE-79: Cross-site Scripting
The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
-
Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
Examples of libraries and frameworks that make it easier to generate properly encoded output include Microsoft's Anti-XSS library, the OWASP ESAPI Encoding module, and Apache Wicket.
-
Implementation, Architecture and Design
Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages. Study all expected communication protocols and data representations to determine the required encoding strategies.
For any data that will be output to another web page, especially any data that was received from external inputs, use the appropriate encoding on all non-alphanumeric characters.
Parts of the same output document may require different encodings, which will vary depending on whether the output is in the:
- HTML body
- Element attributes (such as src="XYZ")
- URIs
- JavaScript sections
- Cascading Style Sheets and style property
etc. Note that HTML Entity Encoding is only appropriate for the HTML body.
Consult the XSS Prevention Cheat Sheet [REF-724] for more details on the types of encoding and escaping that are needed.
-
Architecture and Design, Implementation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
-
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
-
Architecture and Design
If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
-
Implementation
Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.
The problem of inconsistent output encodings often arises in web pages. If an encoding is not specified in an HTTP header, web browsers often guess about which encoding is being used. This can open up the browser to subtle XSS attacks.
-
Implementation
With Struts, write all data from form beans with the bean's filter attribute set to true.
-
Implementation
To help mitigate XSS attacks against the user's session cookie, set the session cookie to be HttpOnly. In browsers that support the HttpOnly feature (such as more recent versions of Internet Explorer and Firefox), this attribute can prevent the user's session cookie from being accessible to malicious client-side scripts that use document.cookie. This is not a complete solution, since HttpOnly is not supported by all browsers. More importantly, XmlHttpRequest and other powerful browser technologies provide read access to HTTP headers, including the Set-Cookie header in which the HttpOnly flag is set.
Source: MITRE CWE-79
21,917 results · Clear filters · Feed
-
Medium 4.9
Security vulnerabilities have been found in IBM Verify Identity Access and IBM Security Verify Access
IBM Security Verify Access 10.0 through 10.0.9.2 and IBM Verify Identity Access 11.0 through 11.0.3 local management interface in certain configurations is vulnerable to cross-site scripting. This vulnerability allows an authenticated user to embed arbitrary …
-
Medium 5.4
Security vulnerabilities have been found in IBM Verify Identity Access and IBM Security Verify Access
IBM Security Verify Access 10.0 through 10.0.9.2 and IBM Verify Identity Access 11.0 through 11.0.3 are vulnerable to cross-site scripting. This vulnerability allows an authenticated user to embed arbitrary JavaScript code in the Web UI thus altering the inte…
-
Medium 4.4
Indico: Cross-Site-Scripting in minutes editor
Indico is an event management system that uses Flask-Multipass, a multi-backend authentication system for Flask. Prior to 3.3.13, users who can create content, including speakers who can create minutes, can store crafted HTML in event minutes. When concurrent…
-
Medium 6.1
FreeScout: Stored HTML Injection in Administrator Alert Emails via Spoofed CF-Connecting-IP Header
FreeScout is a self-hosted help desk and shared mailbox. Prior to 1.8.235, when APP_CLOUDFLARE_IS_USED is enabled, FreeScout trusts an unvalidated CF-Connecting-IP header during failed login attempts and stores the spoofed value in the activity log. LogsMonit…
-
Medium 5.4
enshrined/svg-sanitize: Stored XSS via DTD Entity / HTML5 Named Character Reference Collision
savg-sanitizer is a PHP SVG/XML sanitizer. Prior to 1.0.0, svg-sanitizer's isHrefSafeValue() validates an SVG href after XML DTD entity expansion, but saveXML() serializes the original entity reference after removing the DTD declaration. A crafted entity such…
-
Medium 4.3
EspoCRM before 10.0.6 Unauthenticated Stored HTML Injection via Lead Capture Form
EspoCRM before 10.0.6 contains a stored HTML injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to inject HTML by submitting crafted Lead Capture public form data. The request body is stored in LeadCaptureLogRecord.data and rendered unescaped when …
-
Medium 6.1
League CommonMark 1.3.0 before 2.10.2 Stored XSS via DisallowedRawHtml Bypass
League CommonMark from 1.3.0 before 2.10.2 contains a cross-site scripting vulnerability that allows users posting Markdown to bypass the DisallowedRawHtml extension by ending raw HTML with a bare disallowed tag name. Attackers can place a lone <script or <if…
-
Medium 5.4
IBM DataPower Gateway Cross-Site Scripting
IBM DataPower Gateway 10.5.0.0 through 10.5.0.22, 10.6.1 through 10.6.6, 10.6.0.0 through 10.6.0.10, and 11.0.0.0 through 11.0.0.2 is vulnerable to cross-site scripting. This vulnerability allows an authenticated user to embed arbitrary JavaScript code in the…
-
Medium 6.5
WordPress Zotpress plugin <= 7.4.4 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Katie Seaborn Zotpress zotpress allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Zotpress: from n/a through 7.4.4.
-
Medium 6.5
WordPress WP plugin Info Card plugin <= 6.3.5 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in MediaRon LLC WP Plugin Info Card wp-plugin-info-card allows Stored XSS.This issue affects WP Plugin Info Card: from n/a through 6.3.5.
-
Medium 6.5
WordPress MasterStudy LMS plugin <= 3.7.52 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in StylemixThemes MasterStudy LMS masterstudy-lms-learning-management-system allows Stored XSS.This issue affects MasterStudy LMS: from n/a through 3.7.52.
-
Medium 6.5
WordPress Gutenberg Blocks by Kadence Blocks plugin <= 3.7.12 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Liquid Web / StellarWP Gutenberg Blocks by Kadence Blocks kadence-blocks allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Gutenberg Blocks by Kadence Blocks: from n/a th…
-
Medium 6.5
WordPress WP Store Locator plugin <= 3.0.3 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in WP Store Locator WP Store Locator wp-store-locator allows Stored XSS.This issue affects WP Store Locator: from n/a through 3.0.3.
-
Medium 6.5
WordPress Robo Gallery plugin <= 5.1.6 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Robosoft Robo Gallery robo-gallery allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Robo Gallery: from n/a through 5.1.6.
-
Medium 6.5
WordPress ShortPixel Image Optimizer plugin <= 6.5.6 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in ShortPixel ShortPixel Image Optimizer shortpixel-image-optimiser allows Stored XSS.This issue affects ShortPixel Image Optimizer: from n/a through 6.5.6.
-
Medium 6.8
Stored Cross-Site Scripting in SQLView KRIS
Unsanitised input in the "template name" field of SQLView KRIS's Workflow Template feature is rendered in "onclick" attributes on the main dashboard without proper server-side sanitisation, allowing an attacker with administrative access to inject and store m…
-
Medium 6.8
Image Photo Gallery Final Tiles Grid < 3.6.14 - Contributor+ Stored XSS via Gallery Shortcode Attributes
The Image Photo Gallery Final Tiles Grid WordPress plugin before 3.6.14 does not sanitise several gallery configuration values that can be overridden through its gallery shortcode before printing them into an inline script block, allowing users with contribut…
-
Medium 6.5
In Brocade ASCG before Brocade ASCG v3.0, several security-related HTTP Headers were missing in various Brocade ASCG UR…
-
Medium 6.1
Aurora Heatmap <= 1.7.2 - Unauthenticated Stored Cross-Site Scripting via 'url' Parameter
The Aurora Heatmap plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the ‘url’ parameter in all versions up to, and including, 1.7.2 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for unauthenticated att…
-
Medium 4.7
Gophish through 0.12.1 XSS via Unescaped SMTP Server Error Messages
Gophish through 0.12.1 contains stored and reflected cross-site scripting vulnerabilities that allow attackers to inject script by returning malicious SMTP server error messages. Attackers controlling or intercepting a sending profile's SMTP server can execut…
-
Medium 6.1CVE-2026-102258 Public exploit
Post-authentication Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability has been identified in the SMA1000 Appliance Manage…
-
Medium 6.5
WordPress Happy Addons for Elementor plugin <= 3.50.0 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in weDevs Happy Addons for Elementor happy-elementor-addons allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Happy Addons for Elementor: from n/a through 3.50.0.
-
Medium 6.5
WordPress Prime Slider – Addons For Elementor plugin <= 4.6.2 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in BdThemes Prime Slider – Addons For Elementor bdthemes-prime-slider-lite allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Prime Slider – Addons For Elementor: from n/a th…
-
Medium 6.5
WordPress Quiz And Survey Master plugin <= 11.2.7 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in ExpressTech Quiz And Survey Master quiz-master-next allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Quiz And Survey Master: from n/a through 11.2.7.
-
Medium 6.5
WordPress Rocket Lazy Load plugin <= 2.4.0 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in WP Media Rocket Lazy Load rocket-lazy-load allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Rocket Lazy Load: from n/a through 2.4.0.
-
Medium 6.5
WordPress Element Pack Elementor Addons plugin <= 8.8.6 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in BdThemes Element Pack Elementor Addons bdthemes-element-pack-lite allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Element Pack Elementor Addons: from n/a through 8.8.6.
-
Medium 6.5
WordPress Media LIbrary Assistant plugin <= 3.41 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in David Lingren Media LIbrary Assistant media-library-assistant allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Media LIbrary Assistant: from n/a through 3.41.
-
Medium 6.5
WordPress Element Pack Elementor Addons plugin <= 8.8.6 - Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in BdThemes Element Pack Elementor Addons bdthemes-element-pack-lite allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Element Pack Elementor Addons: from n/a through 8.8.6.
-
Medium 4.8
This vulnerability in Veeam Backup Enterprise Manager allows an attacker to execute script in the browser of a portal u…
-
Medium 5.4
Apache Impala: Stored XSS in Impala query plans
An SQL user using Impala up to and including version 4.5.2 with only SELECT permission can put JavaScript in a table alias and make it run in another user's browser when that user opens the query plan in Impala's Web UI. This is stored XSS (CWE-79). Users are…
-
Medium 6.8
Envira Gallery < 1.16.1 - Author+ Stored XSS via Gallery Crop Dimensions
The Envira Gallery WordPress plugin before 1.16.1 does not sanitise or escape user-supplied gallery display configuration values before storing them and outputting them in an image tag attribute, allowing users with the Author role and above to inject arbitra…
-
Medium 6.8
Envira Gallery < 1.16.1 - Author+ Stored XSS via Gallery Image ID
The Envira Gallery WordPress plugin before 1.16.1 does not sanitise and escape a gallery item identifier before outputting it in an image tag attribute, allowing users with the Author role and above to inject arbitrary web scripts that execute when any visito…
-
Medium 6.1
The device log component of Fanvil x7a firmware version 2.6.0.1182 does not properly sanitize or encode reflected user …
-
Medium 6.1
The device log component of Fanvil x7a firmware version 2.6.0.1182 does not properly sanitize or encode reflected user …
-
Medium 6.1
Gitea repository media API stored XSS
The Gitea API endpoint `GET /api/v1/repos/{owner}/{repo}/media/{filepath}` wrote files of up to 1 KiB that are stored directly in Git, not in LFS, to the response without the content type and disposition headers Gitea uses for user content. An HTML file commi…
-
Medium 4.7
Apache Commons BCEL: Class2HTML emits unescaped class strings, enabling stored XSS
Improper neutralization of input during web page generation ('cross-site scripting') vulnerability in Apache Commons BCEL. This only happens when you're using Class2HTML to generate webpages for possibly-attacker-controlled class files, where Class2HTML emitt…
-
Medium 5.4
Gitea container registry stored XSS through blob media type
Gitea's container registry served blob downloads with a `Content-Type` taken from the media type declared in pushed image manifests, without a `Content-Disposition` or restrictive content security policy. A user who can push container images can publish a blo…
-
Medium 5.4
Unauthenticated DOM-Based Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Vulnerability in the ClearPass Policy Manager Client Interface
A vulnerability in a client interface of HPE Networking ClearPass Policy Manager could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to conduct a DOM-based cross-site scripting (XSS) attack against a user of the affected client interface. Successful exploitation c…
-
Medium 5.4
Ansible: ansible-ui: ansible ui dom xss in /redirect next parameter
A DOM-based Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in the Ansible Platform UI due to unvalidated input handling within the application's redirect route. Specifically, the application extracts a target destination from the next query parameter and dir…
-
Medium 5.3
Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability identified in OpenText™ Content Management
Cross-site Scripting (XSS) in the Forums feature of OpenText Content Management Content Server could allow a bad actor to inject malicious code into a Forums web page.