Weakness (CWE)
CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials
The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.
How to prevent it (5 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
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Architecture and Design
For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.
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Architecture and Design
If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
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Architecture and Design
For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
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Architecture and Design
For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
- The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
- Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
- Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
Source: MITRE CWE-798
1,055 results · Feed
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Critical 9.8
Changing｜Clinic Image System - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
Clinic Image System developed by Changing contains hard-coded Credentials, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to log into the system using administrator credentials embedded in the source code.
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High 7.8
FNKvision Y215 CCTV Camera Firmware passwd hard-coded credentials
A vulnerability was identified in FNKvision Y215 CCTV Camera 10.194.120.40. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /etc/passwd of the component Firmware. Such manipulation leads to hard-coded credentials. Local access is required to …
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Medium 5.3
yeqifu carRental Druid login.html hard-coded credentials
A vulnerability was determined in yeqifu carRental up to 3fabb7eae93d209426638863980301d6f99866b3. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /carRental_war/druid/login.html of the component Druid. Executing manipulation can lead t…
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Low 2.5
Tenda AC10 MD5 Hash shadow hard-coded credentials
A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC10 16.03.10.13. Affected is an unknown function of the file /etc_ro/shadow of the component MD5 Hash Handler. Performing manipulation results in hard-coded credentials. The attack needs to be approached locally. A high deg…
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High 8.8
hippo4j Includes Hard Coded Secret Key in JWT Creation
hippo4j 1.0.0 to 1.5.0, uses a hard-coded secret key in its JWT (JSON Web Token) creation. This allows attackers with access to the source code or compiled binary to forge valid access tokens and impersonate any user, including privileged ones such as "admin"…
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Medium 6.2
IBM Concert Software information disclosure
IBM Concert Software 1.0.0 through 1.1.0 contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key, which it uses for its own inbound authentication, outbound communication to external components, or encryption of internal data.
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High 7.5
VM images built with Kubernetes Image Builder Nutanix or OVA providers use default credentials for Windows images if user did not override
A security issue was discovered in the Kubernetes Image Builder where default credentials are enabled during the Windows image build process when using the Nutanix or VMware OVA providers. These credentials, which allow root access, are disabled at the conclu…
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Low 2.5
Tenda AC20 shadow hard-coded credentials
A security flaw has been discovered in Tenda AC20 16.03.08.12. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /etc_ro/shadow. The manipulation leads to hard-coded credentials. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The …
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Low 3.7
linlinjava litemall JSON Web Token JwtHelper.java hard-coded credentials
A vulnerability was determined in linlinjava litemall up to 1.8.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file litemall-wx-api/src/main/java/org/linlinjava/litemall/wx/util/JwtHelper.java of the component JSON Web Token Handler. The manip…
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Medium 6.9
Hard-coded Private Key Vulnerability in ZKTeco WL20
This vulnerability exists in ZKTeco WL20 due to hard-coded private key stored in plaintext within the device firmware. An attacker with physical access could exploit this vulnerability by extracting the firmware and analyzing the binary data to retrieve priva…
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Medium 6.8
Hard-coded Credentials Vulnerability in ZKTeco WL20
This vulnerability exists in ZKTeco WL20 due to hard-coded MQTT credentials and endpoints stored in plaintext within the device firmware. An attacker with physical access could exploit this vulnerability by extracting the firmware and analyzing the binary dat…
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Critical 9.8
Shenzhen Tuoshi NR500-EA RG500UEAABxCOMSLICv3.4.2731.16.43 devices enable the SSH service by default. There is a hidden…
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High 8.1
Exposed SFTP server
Log files uploaded during troubleshooting by the Harmony SASE agent may have been accessible to unauthorized parties.
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Medium 5.6
SolarWinds Database Performance Analyzer Hard-coded Cryptographic Key Vulnerability
SolarWinds Database Performance Analyzer was found to contain a hard-coded cryptographic key. If exploited, this vulnerability could lead to a machine-in-the-middle (MITM) attack against users. This vulnerability requires additional software not installed by …
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Critical 9.8CVE-2025-8730 Public exploit
Belkin F9K1009/F9K1010 Web Interface hard-coded credentials
A vulnerability was found in Belkin F9K1009 and F9K1010 2.00.04/2.00.09 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component Web Interface. The manipulation leads to hard-coded credentials. The attack may be launch…
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Critical 9.3
Use of Hard-coded Credentials in Tigo Energy Cloud Connect Advanced
Tigo Energy's Cloud Connect Advanced (CCA) device contains hard-coded credentials that allow unauthorized users to gain administrative access. This vulnerability enables attackers to escalate privileges and take full control of the device, potentially modifyi…
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High 8.7
onion-site-template tor Secrets Baked Into Image
onion-site-template is a complete, scalable tor hidden service self-hosting sample. Versions which include commit 3196bd89 contain a baked-in tor image if the secrets were copied from an existing onion domain. A website could be compromised if a user shared t…
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High 8.6
Certain Draytek products are affected by Insecure Configuration. This affects AP903 v1.4.18 and AP912C v1.4.9 and AP918…
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Critical 9.8
Austrian Archaeological Institute (AI) OpenAtlas v8.11.0 as discovered to contain a hardcoded Administrator password.
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Medium 6.0
Hard-Coded Encryption Keys found in System
A vulnerability was discovered in the storage policy for certain sets of encryption keys in the HPE Telco Network Function Virtual Orchestrator. Successful Exploitation could lead to unauthorized parties gaining access to sensitive system information.
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Medium 6.0
Hard-Coded Authentication Keys found in System
A vulnerability was discovered in the storage policy for certain sets of authentication keys in the HPE Telco Network Function Virtual Orchestrator. Successful Exploitation could lead to unauthorized parties gaining access to sensitive system information.
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Critical 10.0CVE-2014-125121 Public exploit
Array Networks vAPV and vxAG Default Credential Privilege Escalation
Array Networks vAPV (version 8.3.2.17) and vxAG (version 9.2.0.34) appliances are affected by a privilege escalation vulnerability caused by a combination of hardcoded SSH credentials (or SSH private key) and insecure permissions on a startup script. The devi…
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Critical 9.8
An issue was discovered on Marbella KR8s Dashcam FF 2.0.8 devices. All dashcams were shipped with the same default cred…
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Medium 6.8
D-Link DIR-890L UART Port rgbin hard-coded credentials
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in D-Link DIR-890L up to 111b04. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file rgbin of the component UART Port. The manipulation leads to hard-coded credentials. It is possible to lau…
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Critical 10.0CVE-2014-125115 Public exploit
Pandora FMS ≤ 5.0 SP2 Default Credential SQL Injection RCE
An unauthenticated SQL injection vulnerability exists in Pandora FMS version 5.0 SP2 and earlier. The mobile/index.php endpoint fails to properly sanitize user input in the loginhash_data parameter, allowing attackers to extract administrator credentials or a…
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High 8.8CVE-2025-45466 Public exploit
Unitree Go1 <= Go1_2022_05_11 is vulnerale to Incorrect Access Control due to authentication credentials being hardcode…
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High 7.1
HCL iAutomate is affected by hardcoded credentials
HCL iAutomate includes hardcoded credentials which may result in potential exposure of confidential data if intercepted or accessed by unauthorized parties.
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Critical 9.1
Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server allows Authentication Bypass.This…
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Critical 9.1
Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in Samsung Electronics MagicINFO 9 Server allows Authentication Bypass.This…
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High 7.5
Hardcoded Credentials in PAVO Inc.'s PAVO Pay
Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in PAVO Inc. PAVO Pay allows Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable. This issue affects PAVO Pay: before 13.05.2025.
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Medium 6.9
An insecure sensitive key storage issue was found in MyASUS. potentially allowing unauthorized actor to obtain a token …
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High 7.7
An insecure sensitive key storage issue was found in MyASUS. potentially allowing unauthorized actor to obtain a token …
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High 8.6
Hardcoded SQLite password in FARA
Use of hard-coded, the same among all vulnerable installations SQLite credentials vulnerability in SIGNUM-NET FARA allows to read and manipulate local-stored database.This issue affects FARA: through 5.0.80.34.
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Medium 6.9
Hardcoded DES Decryption Keys in TP-Link Archer C50 V3/V4/V5 and C20 V5
Use of Hard-coded Credentials in TP-Link Archer C50 V3( <= 180703)/V4( <= 250117 )/V5( <= 200407 ), and C20 V5 (<US_V5_260419 or <EU_V5_260317) allows attackers to decrypt the config.xml files.
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Medium 5.1
Hard-coded Credentials Vulnerability in Digisol DG-GR6821AC Router
This vulnerability exists in Digisol DG-GR6821AC Router due to hard-coded Root Access Credentials in system configuration of the device firmware. An attacker with physical access could exploit this vulnerability by extracting the firmware and analyzing the bi…
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Medium 4.5
Use of hard-coded credentials issue exists in ZWX-2000CSW2-HN prior to 0.3.19 and ZWX-2000CS2-HN firmware all versions.…
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Critical 9.6
Remote Code Execution in ProTNS ActADUR
Vulnerabilities* in ActADUR local server product, developed and maintained by ProTNS, allows Remote Code Inclusion on host systems. * vulnerabilities: * Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection') * Use of Hard-coded C…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2025-52376 EPSS 14%
An authentication bypass vulnerability in the /web/um_open_telnet.cgi endpoint in Nexxt Solutions NCM-X1800 Mesh Router…
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High 7.8
LB-LINK BL-AC3600 shadow hard-coded credentials
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in LB-LINK BL-AC3600 1.0.22. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /etc/shadow. The manipulation with the input root:blinkadmin leads to hard-coded credentials. Local…
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Medium 6.8
Tenda CP3 Pro Firmware V22.5.4.93 contains a hardcoded root password hash in the /etc/passwd file and /etc/passwd-. An …