Weakness (CWE)
CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials
The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.
How to prevent it (5 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
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Architecture and Design
For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.
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Architecture and Design
If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
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Architecture and Design
For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
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Architecture and Design
For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
- The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
- Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
- Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
Source: MITRE CWE-798
1,046 results · Feed
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Medium 6.8
Botslab G980H Dashcams Use of Hard-coded Credentials
The Botslab G980H dash camera firmware contains a hard-coded root account password that cannot be changed by the user. An attacker who obtains the firmware or has physical access to the device could recover the credential and use it to obtain root access thro…
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Medium 5.5
Use of Hard-coded Credentials in Eufy Omni C20
Omni C20 uses hard-coded credentials that could allow an attacker to monitor log files to obtain credentials to access information like mapping data.
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Medium 5.6
sfturing hosp_order jdbc.properties hard-coded credentials
A flaw has been found in sfturing hosp_order up to 627f426331da8086ce8fff2017d65b1ddef384f8. This affects an unknown part of the file ssm_pro/src/main/resources/jdbc.properties. This manipulation causes hard-coded credentials. It is possible to initiate the a…
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Medium 6.5
OpenEye Apex Network Video Recorder (NVR) firmware 3.2.9.376 contains a hardcoded, undocumented recovery account with a…
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High 8.8
IBM Financial Transaction Manager (FTM) is Impacted by Multiple Vulnerabilities
IBM Financial Transaction Manager (FTM) for RedHat OpenShift could allow a local attacker to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information and modify transaction data due to the use of hard-coded credentials.
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Critical 9.8
LTSecurity LTK3500SF Hard-coded Credentials via Telnet/SSH
LTSecurity LTK3500SF contains a hard-coded credentials vulnerability where the root and guest account passwords are stored in /etc/shadow as weak hashes recoverable with dictionary-based cracking tools. The recovered credentials authenticate against the devic…
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Critical 9.8
Unauthenticated Remote Unauthorized Access Vulnerability in HPE Networking Analytics and Location Engine (ALE)
A vulnerability exists in the Analytics and Location Engine (ALE) where the application and underlying operating system use default, hard-coded credentials for several administrative and system accounts. An unauthenticated remote attacker could exploit this v…
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Critical 9.8
NVIDIA Infrastructure Controller for Linux contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause use of hard-coded cre…
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Medium 6.2
Hardcoded Key Vulnerability in ZTE SmartLife APP
The ZTE SmartLife application has a hardcoded key. The key used to decrypt account server information is stored in plaintext in the code. Once the key is obtained, the server information can be decrypted, thus exposing it.
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High 7.3
aiyiyi121 SxDevOps Settings settings.py hard-coded credentials
A security flaw has been discovered in aiyiyi121 SxDevOps 1.0/1.1. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file backend/sxdevops/settings.py of the component Settings Handler. The manipulation results in hard-coded credentials. The attack may be per…
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High 7.3
aiyiyi121 SxDevOps services.py ensure_default_superuser hard-coded credentials
A vulnerability was identified in aiyiyi121 SxDevOps 1.0/1.1. This vulnerability affects the function ensure_default_superuser of the file rbac/services.py. The manipulation leads to hard-coded credentials. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. T…
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High 8.8
IBM Guardium Data Protection is affected by multiple vulnerabilities.
IBM Guardium Data Protection 12.2 is vulnerable to a hardcoded credentials vulnerability in the hardware_assess/obstore binaries. A low-privileged authenticated user can recover hardcoded product master secrets, potentially resulting in unauthorized access to…
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Medium 5.9
AnyCable: Telemetry Subsystem Contains Hardcoded Authentication Token and Transmits CLI Arguments Including Secrets
AnyCable is a realtime server for reliable two-way communication that supports any backend. Prior to 1.6.15, the telemetry subsystem in telemetry/config.go enables tracking with a hardcoded public authToken, while clusterFingerprint in telemetry/telemetry.go …
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Medium 5.3
Use of Hard-coded Credentials in Bransys ELD
Bransys ELD is shipped with hardcoded MQTT credentials, which will grant read access to real-time data for every active device across a subset of carriers that were connected to the affected MQTT broker.
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High 7.5
Use of Hard-coded Credentials in Bransys ELD
Bransys ELD is shipped with hardcoded MQTT credentials, which will grant read access to real-time data for every active device across a subset of carriers that were connected to the affected MQTT broker.
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Critical 9.1
WeGIA: Hardcoded Secret Key Backdoor — Mass Data Destruction via deletar_socios.php
WeGIA is a web manager for charitable institutions. Prior to 3.8.5, web/html/socio/sistema/controller/deletar_socios.php exposes an unauthenticated GET endpoint whose chave parameter is checked only against a hardcoded chave_correta value embedded in the publ…
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High 7.3
Dell OpenManage Server Administrator, versions prior to 11.1.0.3, contains a Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerabilit…
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Critical 9.8
Feast through 0.66.0 Authentication Bypass via Unverified Token
Feast through 0.66.0 fails to verify JWT token signatures before establishing user identity, allowing attackers to bypass all role-based access control by presenting an unverified token with a hardcoded claim value. Attackers can obtain trusted internal ident…
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High 8.8
Use of Hard-coded Credentials in Digital Watchdog VMAX DVR and NVR Product Lineups
The affected products use hard-coded credentials, which could allow an attacker to run the ftpd service as root, providing remote root file access where FTP is reachable.
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Critical 9.6
Use of Hard-coded Credentials in Digital Watchdog VMAX DVR and NVR Product Lineups
The affected products use hard-coded credentials, which could allow remote access to files with root privileges where FTP is reachable.
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High 8.1
OpenBMC IPMI Authentication Bypass via Default userKey and Stale Challenge Value
OpenBMC's IPMI implementation, phosphor-net-ipmid, contains a logic flaw in which an unauthenticated client can force the RAKP Message 1 handler to return before it overwrites the authentication object's constructor defaults. The IPMI service then accepts a R…
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Critical 9.8
praisonai-platform: default JWT signing secret 'dev-secret-change-me' enables token forgery
PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 0.1.6, praisonai_platform/services/auth_service.py assigns the public dev-secret-change-me value to JWT_SECRET when PLATFORM_JWT_SECRET is unset, and its production guard does not run when PLATFORM_ENV is also…
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Critical 9.8
praisonai-platform 0.1.4 still boots on the hardcoded JWT secret dev-secret-change-me (default-open production guard)
PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 0.1.6, praisonai_platform/services/auth_service.py falls back to the public dev-secret-change-me HS256 signing key when PLATFORM_JWT_SECRET is unset, while the startup and token-issuance guards are disabled be…
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Critical 9.8
TOTOLINK X5000R V9.1.0cu.2415_B20250515 was discovered to contain a hardcoded password for root access.
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High 7.3
dromara orion-visor ExposeApiAspect.java ExposeApiAspect.beforeExposeApi hard-coded credentials
A weakness has been identified in dromara orion-visor up to 2.5.7. Affected by this issue is the function ExposeApiAspect.beforeExposeApi of the file ExposeApiAspect.java. Executing a manipulation can lead to hard-coded credentials. The attack can be executed…
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Medium 6.8
CareCam Pro IP Cameras Use of Hard-coded Credentials
The ANJIA AJL33PC0801 IP camera uses a hard-coded credential for bootloader authentication. An attacker with physical access to the device may leverage this weakness to gain privileged bootloader access, allowing unauthorized modification of firmware and syst…
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Critical 9.8
Use of hardcoded default credentials in Xiongmai IP Camera XM530 firmware HMT.CM2005-v220608.1837 and earlier stores st…
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Critical 9.1
A vulnerability was reported in Lenovo Health Android Application, distributed exclusively in the Chinese market, that …
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Medium 6.1
Some Hikvision intercom products utilize an immutable factory value which should be obtained from local network or phys…
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Medium 6.9
Use of Hard-coded Credentials in drEryk Gabinet
DrEryk Gabinet before 11.5.0 uses hard-coded API credentials in its ticket reporting component. These credentials can be used to authenticate directly to the ticket system API. This allows an attacker to perform privileged operations beyond what is offered by…
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High 8.8
Softish C6 Ear Camera and EarVision Android Application Use of Hard-coded Credentials
An attacker could derive the camera's Wi-Fi password and connect to its wireless network. This weakens or eliminates the security value of the access-point password and may expose the live video stream, device services, status interfaces, and firmware-update …
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Medium 4.4
Dell SCG 5.0 Appliance versions prior to 5.36.00.16 and Dell SCG 5.0 Application versions prior to 5.36.00.00, contains…
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High 7.5
Dell SCG 5.0 Appliance versions prior to 5.36.00.16 and Dell SCG 5.0 Application versions prior to 5.36.00.00, contains…
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High 7.5
Dell SCG 5.0 Appliance versions prior to 5.36.00.16 and Dell SCG 5.0 Application versions prior to 5.36.00.00, contains…
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High 7.5
Dell SCG 5.0 Appliance versions prior to 5.36.00.16 and Dell SCG 5.0 Application versions prior to 5.36.00.00, contains…
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Critical 9.8
An issue was discovered in s-pms SPMS-Server through v1.0. The application contains a hardcoded default access token se…
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Critical 9.9
In the current development version of Eclipse aeriOS, for which no official release has yet been published, the Identit…
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High 7.3
ningzichun Student Management System Database Connection database.php mysqli_connect hard-coded credentials
A vulnerability was determined in ningzichun Student Management System up to 98760f5711cf6dc8b4adca53a9e207ca49b02ebf. Affected by this issue is the function mysqli_connect of the file config/database.php of the component Database Connection. This manipulatio…
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Medium 6.5
Dell SCG 5.0 Appliance versions prior to 5.36.00.16 and Dell SCG 5.0 Application versions prior to 5.36.00.00, contains…
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High 7.7
Dell SCG 5.0 Appliance versions prior to 5.36.00.16 and Dell SCG 5.0 Application versions prior to 5.36.00.00, contains…