Weakness (CWE)
CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials
The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.
How to prevent it (5 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
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Architecture and Design
For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.
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Architecture and Design
If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
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Architecture and Design
For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
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Architecture and Design
For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
- The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
- Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
- Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
Source: MITRE CWE-798
1,047 results · Feed
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High 8.8
Beetel 777VR1 Web Management hard-coded credentials
A vulnerability has been found in Beetel 777VR1 up to 01.00.09. The impacted element is an unknown function of the component Web Management Interface. The manipulation leads to hard-coded credentials. The attack needs to be initiated within the local network.…
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High 8.5
Calero VeraSMART < 2026 R1 Hardcoded Static AES Keys Allow Decryption of Service Credentials
Calero VeraSMART versions prior to 2026 R1 contain hardcoded static AES encryption keys within Veramark.Framework.dll (Veramark.Core.Config class). These keys are used to encrypt the password of the service account stored in C:\\VeraSMART Data\\app.settings. …
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High 7.5
Heatmiser Netmonitor 3.03 - Hardcoded Credentials
Heatmiser Netmonitor 3.03 contains a hardcoded credentials vulnerability in the networkSetup.htm page with predictable admin login credentials. Attackers can access the device by using the hard-coded username 'admin' and password 'admin' in the hidden form in…
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Critical 9.8
newbee-mall Default Seeded Administrator Credentials Allow Account Takeover
newbee-mall includes pre-seeded administrator accounts in its database initialization script. These accounts are provisioned with a predictable default password. Deployments that initialize or reset the database using the provided schema and fail to change th…
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High 7.5
AMSS++ 4.7 - Backdoor Admin Account
AMSS++ 4.7 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows attackers to access administrative accounts using hardcoded credentials. Attackers can log in with the default admin username and password '1234' to gain unauthorized administrative access…
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Critical 9.8
3DP-MANAGER Uses Hard-coded Credentials
3DP-MANAGER is an inbound generator for 3x-ui. In version 2.0.1 and prior, the application automatically creates an administrative account with known default credentials (admin/admin) upon the first initialization. Attackers with network access to the applica…
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Medium 4.8
Cisco Prime Infrastructure Stored Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Prime Infrastructure could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to conduct a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) attack against users of the interface of an affected system. This vulnerability ex…
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High 7.5
Netis E1+ 1.2.32533 - Backdoor Account (root)
Netis E1+ version 1.2.32533 contains a hardcoded root account vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to access the device with predefined credentials. Attackers can leverage the embedded root account with a crackable password to gain full adminis…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2025-69971 Scanner template
FUXA has a hardcoded fallback JWT signing secret
FUXA v1.2.7 contains a hard-coded credential vulnerability in server/api/jwt-helper.js. The application uses a hard-coded secret key to sign and verify JWT Tokens. This allows remote attackers to forge valid admin tokens and bypass authentication to gain full…
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Critical 9.8
The database account and password are hardcoded, allowing login with the account to manipulate the database in MagicInf…
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High 8.1
Tenda AX12 Pro V2 Telnet Service hard-coded credentials
A vulnerability was found in Tenda AX12 Pro V2 16.03.49.24_cn. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component Telnet Service. Performing a manipulation results in hard-coded credentials. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely…
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High 7.5
SolarWinds Web Help Desk Hardcoded Credentials Vulnerability
SolarWinds Web Help Desk was found to be susceptible to a hardcoded credentials vulnerability that, under certain situations, could allow access to administrative functions.
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High 8.0
Dokploy uses hardcoded credentials in installation script, which could result in database access
Dokploy is a free, self-hostable Platform as a Service (PaaS). In versions prior to 0.26.6, a hardcoded credential in the provided installation script (located at https://dokploy.com/install.sh, line 154) uses a hardcoded password when creating the database c…
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High 7.6
Use of well-known default credentials in EZCast Pro II Dongle
Use of well-known default credentials in Admin UI of EZCast Pro II version 1.17478.146 allows attackers to access protected areas in the web application
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High 8.5
Static Firmware Encryption Password in dormakaba access manager
Dormakaba provides the software FWServiceTool to update the firmware version of the Access Managers via the network. The firmware in some instances is provided in an encrypted ZIP file. Within this tool, the password used to decrypt the ZIP and extract the fi…
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Medium 4.6
Weak Default Password in dormakaba Kaba exos 9300
The default password for the extended admin user mode in the application U9ExosAdmin.exe ("Kaba 9300 Administration") is hard-coded in multiple locations as well as documented in the locally stored user documentation.
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Medium 6.8
Hard-coded Key for PIN Encryption in dormakaba Kaba exos 9300
The program libraries (DLL) and binaries used by exos 9300 contain multiple hard-coded secrets. One notable example is the function "EncryptAndDecrypt" in the library Kaba.EXOS.common.dll. This algorithm uses a simple XOR encryption technique combined with a …
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High 8.7
Unauthenticated RPC Service in dormakaba Kaba exos 9300
An RPC service, which is part of exos 9300, is reachable on port 4000, run by the process FSMobilePhoneInterface.exe. This service is used for interprocess communication between services and the Kaba exos 9300 GUI, containing status information about the Acce…
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Critical 9.3
Hardcoded Legacy Accounts Allowing Control Over Access Managers in dormakaba Kaba exos 9300
Multiple hardcoded credentials have been identified, which are allowed to sign-in to the exos 9300 datapoint server running on port 1004 and 1005. This server is used for relaying status information from and to the Access Managers. This information, among oth…
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Medium 6.9
Hard-Coded Default Credentials Enable Document Archive Decryption in Milner ImageDirector Capture
Use of Default Credentials, Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in C2SGlobalSettings.dll in Milner ImageDirector Capture on Windows allows decryption of document archive files using credentials decrypted with hard-coded application encryption key. This issue…
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High 8.4
IBM Sterling Connect:Direct for UNIX Container is affected by vulnerability where hard-coded credentials are embeeded in the product for its internal use.
IBM Sterling Connect:Direct for UNIX Container 6.3.0.0 through 6.3.0.6 Interim Fix 016, and 6.4.0.0 through 6.4.0.3 Interim Fix 019 IBM® Sterling Connect:Direct for UNIX contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key, which it uses f…
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Critical 9.8
BROWAN COMMUNICATIONS ｜PrismX MX100 AP controller - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
PrismX MX100 AP controller developed by BROWAN COMMUNICATIONS has a Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to log in to the database using hardcoded database credentials stored in the firmware.
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Medium 5.3
Firmware update files may expose password hashes for system accounts, which could allow a remote attacker to recover cr…
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Critical 9.8CVE-2020-36911 EPSS 12%
Covenant 0.5 - Remote Code Execution (RCE)
Covenant 0.1.3 - 0.5 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows attackers to craft malicious JWT tokens with administrative privileges. Attackers can generate forged tokens with admin roles and upload custom DLL payloads to execute arbitrary c…
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Critical 10.0
Ruckus vRIoT IoT Controller < 3.0.0.0 Hardcoded SSH Credentials RCE
The Ruckus vRIoT IoT Controller firmware versions prior to 3.0.0.0 (GA) contain hardcoded credentials for an operating system user account within an initialization script. The SSH service is network-accessible without IP-based restrictions. Although the confi…
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Critical 10.0
Ruckus vRIoT IoT Controller < 3.0.0.0 Hardcoded Tokens RCE
The Ruckus vRIoT IoT Controller firmware versions prior to 3.0.0.0 (GA) expose a command execution service on TCP port 2004 running with root privileges. Authentication to this service relies on a hardcoded Time-based One-Time Password (TOTP) secret and an em…
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Critical 9.3
Hardcoded credentials in KAON CG3000T/CG3000CT routers
The firmware in KAON CG3000TC and CG3000T routers contains hard-coded credentials in clear text (shared across all routers of this model) that an unauthenticated remote attacker could use to execute commands with root privileges. This vulnerability has been f…
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High 7.5
INIM Electronics Smartliving SmartLAN/G/SI <=6.x Hard-coded Credentials Vulnerability
INIM Electronics Smartliving SmartLAN/G/SI <=6.x contains hard-coded credentials in its Linux distribution image that cannot be changed through normal device operations. Attackers can exploit these persistent credentials to log in and gain unauthorized system…
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High 7.5
FLIR Thermal Camera F/FC/PT/D firmware version 8.0.0.64 Hard-Coded SSH Credentials Vulnerability
FLIR Thermal Camera F/FC/PT/D firmware version 8.0.0.64 contains hard-coded SSH credentials that cannot be changed through normal camera operations. Attackers can leverage these persistent, unmodifiable credentials to gain unauthorized remote access to the th…
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High 7.5
Adtec Digital SignEdje Digital Signage Player v2.08.28 Default Credentials
Adtec Digital SignEdje Digital Signage Player v2.08.28 contains multiple hardcoded default credentials that allow unauthenticated remote access to web, telnet, and SSH interfaces. Attackers can exploit these credentials to gain root-level access and execute s…
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High 7.5
Cypress Solutions CTM-200/CTM-ONE 1.3.6 Hard-coded Credentials Remote Root
Cypress Solutions CTM-200/CTM-ONE 1.3.6 contains hard-coded credentials vulnerability in Linux distribution that exposes root access. Attackers can exploit the static 'Chameleon' password to gain remote root access via Telnet or SSH on affected devices.
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High 7.8
Tenda i24 Shadow File hard-coded credentials
A vulnerability has been found in Tenda i24, 4G03 Pro, 4G05, 4G08, G0-8G-PoE, Nova MW5G and TEG5328F up to 65.10.15.6. Affected is an unknown function of the component Shadow File. Such manipulation with the input Fireitup leads to hard-coded credentials. An …
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Critical 9.8
Anevia Flamingo XL/XS 3.6.20 Default Credentials Authentication Bypass
Anevia Flamingo XL/XS 3.6.20 contains a critical vulnerability with weak default administrative credentials that can be easily guessed. Attackers can leverage these hard-coded credentials to gain full remote system control without complex authentication mecha…
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Critical 9.8
SOUND4 IMPACT/FIRST/PULSE/Eco <=2.x Hardcoded Credentials Authentication Bypass
SOUND4 IMPACT/FIRST/PULSE/Eco versions 2.x and below contain hardcoded credentials embedded in server binaries that cannot be modified through normal device operations. Attackers can leverage these static credentials to gain unauthorized access to the device …
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Critical 9.8
RustFS has a gRPC Hardcoded Token Authentication Bypass
RustFS is a distributed object storage system built in Rust. In versions prior to 1.0.0-alpha.78, RustFS implements gRPC authentication using a hardcoded static token `"rustfs rpc"` that is publicly exposed in the source code repository, hardcoded on both cli…
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Low 3.7
actiontech sqle JWT Secret jwt.go hard-coded key
A security vulnerability has been detected in actiontech sqle up to 4.2511.0. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file sqle/utils/jwt.go of the component JWT Secret Handler. The manipulation of the argument JWTSecretKey leads to use of hard-cod…
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High 7.5
FaceSentry Access Control System 6.4.8 Remote SSH Root Access
FaceSentry Access Control System 6.4.8 contains a critical authentication vulnerability with hard-coded SSH credentials for the wwwuser account. Attackers can leverage the insecure sudoers configuration to escalate privileges and gain root access by executing…
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Critical 9.8
FLIR AX8 Thermal Camera 1.32.16 Hard-Coded Credentials Authentication Bypass
FLIR AX8 Thermal Camera 1.32.16 contains hard-coded SSH and web panel credentials that cannot be changed through normal camera operations. Attackers can exploit these persistent credentials to gain unauthorized shell access and login to multiple camera interf…
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Critical 9.8
NVIDIA Isaac Launchable contains a vulnerability where an attacker could exploit a hard-coded credential issue. A succe…
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Critical 9.8
ClipBucket 5.5.2 is affected by an improper access control issue where the product is shipped or deployed with hardcode…