Weakness (CWE)
CWE-80: Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page
The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special characters such as "<", ">", and "&" that could be interpreted as web-scripting elements when they are sent to a downstream component that processes web pages.
How to prevent it (4 mitigations)
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Implementation
Carefully check each input parameter against a rigorous positive specification (allowlist) defining the specific characters and format allowed. All input should be neutralized, not just parameters that the user is supposed to specify, but all data in the request, including hidden fields, cookies, headers, the URL itself, and so forth. A common mistake that leads to continuing XSS vulnerabilities is to validate only fields that are expected to be redisplayed by the site. We often encounter data from the request that is reflected by the application server or the application that the development team did not anticipate. Also, a field that is not currently reflected may be used by a future developer. Therefore, validating ALL parts of the HTTP request is recommended.
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Implementation
Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.
The problem of inconsistent output encodings often arises in web pages. If an encoding is not specified in an HTTP header, web browsers often guess about which encoding is being used. This can open up the browser to subtle XSS attacks.
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Implementation
With Struts, write all data from form beans with the bean's filter attribute set to true.
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Implementation
To help mitigate XSS attacks against the user's session cookie, set the session cookie to be HttpOnly. In browsers that support the HttpOnly feature (such as more recent versions of Internet Explorer and Firefox), this attribute can prevent the user's session cookie from being accessible to malicious client-side scripts that use document.cookie. This is not a complete solution, since HttpOnly is not supported by all browsers. More importantly, XmlHttpRequest and other powerful browser technologies provide read access to HTTP headers, including the Set-Cookie header in which the HttpOnly flag is set.
Source: MITRE CWE-80
691 results · Feed
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Medium 4.3
HTML Injection in Softtr's E-Commerce Pack
Improper neutralization of Script-Related HTML tags in a web page (basic XSS) vulnerability in Softtr Informatics Technology Trading Limited Company E-Commerce Pack allows Cross-Site Scripting (XSS). This issue affects E-Commerce Pack: before 5.03.01.49.
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Medium 6.1
justhtml before 1.13.0 XSS via code fence breakout
justhtml versions before 1.13.0 contain a cross-site scripting vulnerability in the to_markdown() function when serializing attacker-controlled pre content. Attackers can place backticks inside sanitized pre elements to break out of fixed-length code fences, …
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Medium 4.6
OctoPrint: XSS in Suppressed Command Notifications
OctoPrint provides a web interface for controlling consumer 3D printers. Prior to 1.11.8 and 2.0.0rc3, Suppressed Command notification popups use PNotify rendering for printer-controlled payload.command and payload.message values in src/octoprint/static/js/ap…
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High 8.5
CVAT: Stored XSS via annotation guides in audio tasks
CVAT is an open source interactive video and image annotation tool for computer vision. From 2.68.0 until 2.70.0, the audio-task annotation guide renderer in cvat-ui/src/audio/components/annotation-page/audio-workspace/top-bar/audio-right-group.tsx passes att…
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Medium 5.4
Cisco Industrial Ethernet 1000 Series Switches Stored Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability
A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Industrial Ethernet (IE) 1000 Series Switches could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to conduct a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) attack against a user of the interface. This vulnerabilit…
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High 8.6
mediawiki/maps: Stored XSS through the overlays parameter in the display_map parser function
Maps is a MediaWiki extension that enables visualization of geographic data through dynamic embedded maps. Prior to version 12.1.3, the display_map parser function in the Leaflet service accepts attacker-controlled HTML in the overlays parameter, and resource…
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Medium 6.9
AngleSharp: HTML5 Spec Compliance: mXSS via annotation-xml HTML Integration Point Bypass
AngleSharp is a .NET library for parsing angle bracket based hyper-texts. Prior to 1.5.0, MathAnnotationXmlElement in AngleSharp/Mathml/Dom/Internal/MathAnnotationXmlElement.cs is not treated as an HTML integration point when its encoding attribute is text/ht…
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Medium 6.9
HTML Injection in MailerUp double opt-in verification email
HTML Injection in the public subscription form in maalfer MailerUp before 1.1.3 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to have the application send a message carrying arbitrary HTML, to an attacker-chosen address and from the form owner's configured sending …
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Medium 4.3
Webkul Bagisto Customer-Registration Notification Email register cross site scripting
A flaw has been found in Webkul Bagisto up to 2.4.4. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /customer/register of the component Customer-Registration Notification Email. This manipulation of the argument first_name/last_name causes basic cros…
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Medium 4.3
Alaev SEO Tools Extension Popup UI popup.html addDiv cross site scripting
A vulnerability was detected in Alaev SEO Tools Extension up to 1.0.10 on Chrome. This impacts the function addDiv of the file src/popup.html of the component Popup UI. Performing a manipulation results in basic cross site scripting. The attack can be initiat…
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Medium 6.1
Apache Allura: XSS in markdown pipeline
XSS vulnerability in Markdown handling in Apache Allura. This issue affects Apache Allura: from 1.10.0 before 1.19.1. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.19.1, which fixes the issue.
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Medium 6.1
Apache Allura: XSS in code display
XSS vulnerability in code display in Apache Allura. This issue affects Apache Allura: before 1.19.1. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.19.1, which fixes the issue.
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Medium 5.3
Jodit has cross-site scripting (XSS) via <script> nested in SVG that bypasses clean-html sanitization
Jodit Editor is a WYSIWYG editor with a built-in file browser & image editor. Prior to 4.13.6, Jodit's clean-html denyTags filter does not normalize foreign SVG or MathML script node names, allowing a script element nested directly in SVG or MathML to remain …
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Medium 4.8
FMS Employee Vulnerable to HTML Injection
Improper neutralization of Script-Related HTML tags in a web page (basic XSS) vulnerability in Johnson Controls FM Systems Employee allows Cross-Site Scripting (XSS). This issue affects FM Systems Employee: before 2025.3.1.
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Medium 6.5
Apache JSPWiki: Markdown parser allows XSS injection in Markdown error processing
A carefully crafted editing request could trigger an XSS vulnerability on Apache JSPWiki when parsing errors on the markdown renderer, which could allow the attacker to execute javascript in the victim's browser and get some sensitive information about the vi…
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High 8.9
Cal.com through 4.7.15 Cross-Site Scripting via booking questions
Cal.com (calcom/cal.diy) versions through 4.7.15 contain a stored cross-site scripting vulnerability. The single booking view (e.g., https://app.cal.com/booking/<id>) renders booking-question field labels via React's dangerouslySetInnerHTML without sanitizing…
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High 8.9
Cal.com through 4.7.15 Cross-Site Scripting via booking questions
Cal.com (repository calcom/cal.diy) in versions <= 4.7.15 is vulnerable to cross-site scripting (XSS) on the publicly accessible single booking view (e.g., /booking/<id>). Booking question (form field) labels are rendered via React's dangerouslySetInnerHTML w…
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Medium 6.1
dataCycle Unauthenticated Reflected DOM XSS Via flash[...] On Public Pages
dataCycle is a data management system for centrally storing, managing, searching, finding, and distributing data. In dataCycle-CORE, the module handling core processing and framework rules, before and including version 25.07.3, any unauthenticated attacker ca…
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Medium 4.3
plone.restapi: Stored XSS by spoofing mime type
### Impact A stored XSS affecting RichText fields. RichTextValue.output returns the raw, unsanitized stored value whenever the stored mimeType equals the outputMimeType. Because the safe-HTML output type (`text/x-html-safe`) is the type that signifies "alread…
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Medium 5.9
Dashy: Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS)
Dashy is a self-hostable personal dashboard. From 1.9.4 until 3.2.0, the Dashy RSS Widget in src/components/Widgets/RssFeed.vue does not sanitize RSS item link values before rendering feed item titles and Read More links as anchor href attributes, allowing an…
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Medium 5.3
A improper neutralization of script-related html tags in a web page (basic xss) vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSIEM 7.4…
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Medium 5.1
PeerTube: Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS)
PeerTube is an ActivityPub-federated video streaming platform. Prior to 8.2.2, server-side-rendered video watch pages embed a schema.org JSON-LD block by JSON.stringify-ing video metadata without escaping less-than, greater-than, or slash characters, allowing…
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High 8.6
SiYuan: Store XSS To Rce via Asset.render
SiYuan is an open-source personal knowledge management system. Prior to 3.7.1, Asset.render in app/src/asset/index.ts interpolates the unsanitized this.path value into HTML assigned to innerHTML, allowing a crafted asset link containing a double quote to brea…
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Medium 6.1
HTML Injection in Armiya Technologies' Access Control System
Improper neutralization of Script-Related HTML tags in a web page (basic XSS) vulnerability in Armiya Information Technologies Ltd. Co. Access Control System (GKS) allows XSS Targeting HTML Attributes. This issue affects Access Control System (GKS): before Ve…
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Medium 5.7
Vulnerabilities found in Watson Data Intelligence
IBM watsonx.data intelligence 5.2.0, 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.3.0 is vulnerable to HTML injection. A remote attacker could inject malicious HTML code, which when viewed, would be executed in the victim's Web browser within the security context of the hosting site.
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Medium 6.1
Apache Tomcat: XSS in number guess example
Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS) vulnerability in the number guess example for Apache Tomcat. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.22, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.55, from 9.0.0.M1 through …
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Medium 5.3
WordPress Auros Core plugin <= 5.3.1 - Content Injection vulnerability
Unauthenticated Content Injection in Auros Core <= 5.3.1 versions.
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High 8.8
Malicious HTML content contained in the layout specification of a PDF ticket or badge layout was executed when the PDF …
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Low 2.1
Malicious HTML content could be injected into the page pretix shows when redirection to an untrusted page occurs. Since…
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Low 2.1
Content injected to PDF rendering contexts could, in many places, include HTML content including <img> tags. If the src…
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Medium 5.3
Stored XSS in ticket confirmation page
Malicious HTML content could be injected into the email address of an order, which pretix showed without sanitization on the confirmation page for individual tickets in that order.
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Low 2.1
Stored XSS in pretix-pages
Malicious HTML content could be injected into the content of a page in the pretix-pages plugin.
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Low 2.0
Stored XSS in pretix-digital
Malicious HTML content could be injected into the content rendered by the pretix-digital plugin.
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Medium 5.4
Gogs: Unauthenticated Jupyter Notebook (ipynb) Sanitizer allows arbitrary data: URIs leading to XSS
Gogs is an open source self-hosted Git service. Prior to 0.14.3, the Jupyter Notebook (ipynb) sanitizer endpoint at POST /-/api/sanitize_ipynb allows arbitrary data: URIs without proper restrictions, potentially leading to Cross-Site Scripting (XSS). The endp…
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High 7.1
Astro: Reflected XSS via unescaped slot name
Astro is a web framework. Prior to 6.3.3, when a component uses a client:* directive, Astro inserts named slot content into a data-astro-template attribute without HTML escaping the slot name allowing an attacker to break out of the attribute context and inje…
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Medium 5.4
Apache Atlas: Stored XSS in Create Entity page
An authenticated user can perform XSS. This issue affects Apache Atlas versions 2.4.0 and earlier. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 2.5.0, which fixes the issue.
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Low 3.5
Radware Cyber Controller HTML Report Generation HTML injection
A security vulnerability has been detected in Radware Cyber Controller up to 10.11.0. This affects an unknown part of the component HTML Report Generation. The manipulation leads to HTML injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit ha…
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Medium 6.1
Flowise - Cross-Site Scripting in Chat Messages and Agent Workflows
Flowise before 3.0.8 contains a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability caused by insufficient input filtering in chat messages and custom agent functions. An attacker can inject malicious JavaScript by sending an iframe payload (e.g., <iframe src="javascrip…
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High —
Gogs: XSS in .ipynb files renderer due to outdated notebookjs
### Summary Gogs renders Jupyter notebook files (`.ipynb`) using [jsvine/notebookjs](https://github.com/jsvine/notebookjs), but the version is outdated, missing patches for known XSS vulnerabilities. ### Details Gogs uses version 0.4.2 of notebookjs to render…
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High 7.2
md-fileserver: Stored/Reflected XSS when viewing Markdown (raw HTML allowed)
md-fileserver allows for local viewing of markdown files in a browser. Prior to version 1.10.3, a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in the application’s Markdown rendering logic. When user-supplied Markdown content is rendered, embedded raw HTML…