Weakness (CWE)
CWE-84: Improper Neutralization of Encoded URI Schemes in a Web Page
The web application improperly neutralizes user-controlled input for executable script disguised with URI encodings.
How to prevent it (5 mitigations)
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Implementation
Resolve all URIs to absolute or canonical representations before processing.
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Implementation
Carefully check each input parameter against a rigorous positive specification (allowlist) defining the specific characters and format allowed. All input should be neutralized, not just parameters that the user is supposed to specify, but all data in the request, including tag attributes, hidden fields, cookies, headers, the URL itself, and so forth. A common mistake that leads to continuing XSS vulnerabilities is to validate only fields that are expected to be redisplayed by the site. We often encounter data from the request that is reflected by the application server or the application that the development team did not anticipate. Also, a field that is not currently reflected may be used by a future developer. Therefore, validating ALL parts of the HTTP request is recommended.
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Implementation
Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.
The problem of inconsistent output encodings often arises in web pages. If an encoding is not specified in an HTTP header, web browsers often guess about which encoding is being used. This can open up the browser to subtle XSS attacks.
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Implementation
With Struts, write all data from form beans with the bean's filter attribute set to true.
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Implementation
To help mitigate XSS attacks against the user's session cookie, set the session cookie to be HttpOnly. In browsers that support the HttpOnly feature (such as more recent versions of Internet Explorer and Firefox), this attribute can prevent the user's session cookie from being accessible to malicious client-side scripts that use document.cookie. This is not a complete solution, since HttpOnly is not supported by all browsers. More importantly, XmlHttpRequest and other powerful browser technologies provide read access to HTTP headers, including the Set-Cookie header in which the HttpOnly flag is set.
Source: MITRE CWE-84
17 results · Clear filters · Feed
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Medium 6.5CVE-2026-96654 Exploited
Plex Media Server URL injection
Plex Media Server before 1.43.3.10861 does not correctly neutralize URL values included in 'searchOne,' allowing an attacker to call other plugins' functions and supply their own parameters.
KEV Oct 20, 2026 -
Medium 6.3
Evolution: evolution: javascript execution via spoofed vcard control bypasses mail script-markup restriction
A flaw was found in Evolution. A remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a specially crafted HTML email containing a spoofed vCard control. When a victim clicks on this control, Evolution's trusted JavaScript handler incorrectly assigns an a…
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Medium 6.1
JupyterLab before 4.5.9 Stored XSS via Extension Manager
JupyterLab before 4.5.9 contains a stored cross-site scripting vulnerability in the Extension Manager that fails to validate URI protocols in package metadata URLs. Attackers can publish malicious PyPI packages with javascript: URLs in project metadata that e…
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Medium 5.9
Dashy: Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS)
Dashy is a self-hostable personal dashboard. From 1.9.4 until 3.2.0, the Dashy RSS Widget in src/components/Widgets/RssFeed.vue does not sanitize RSS item link values before rendering feed item titles and Read More links as anchor href attributes, allowing an…
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Medium 6.1
IBM Engineering Lifecycle Optimization - Publishing cross-site scripting
IBM Engineering Lifecycle Optimization - Publishing 7.0.2 and 7.03 could be susceptible to cross-site scripting due to no validation of URIs.
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Medium 4.8
Tuleap allows XSS via the content of RSS feeds in the RSS widgets
Tuleap is an Open Source Suite to improve management of software developments and collaboration. Tuleap allows cross-site scripting (XSS) via the content of RSS feeds in the RSS widgets. A project administrator or someone with control over an used RSS feed co…
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Medium 5.5
An issue in Beitatong Technology LianJia iOS 9.83.50 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplyin…
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Medium 5.5
An issue in Shandong Provincial Big Data Center AiShanDong iOS 5.0.0 allows attackers to access sensitive user informat…
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Medium 5.5
An issue in Yibin Fengguan Network Technology Co., Ltd YuPao DirectHire iOS 8.8.0 allows attackers to access sensitive …
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Medium 5.5
An issue in Merchants Union Consumer Finance Company Limited Merchants Union Finance iOS 6.19.0 allows attackers to acc…
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Medium 5.5
An issue in Tencent Technology (Beijing) Company Limited Tencent MicroVision iOS 8.137.0 allows attackers to access sen…
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Medium 5.5
An issue in Suning Commerce Group Suning EMall iOS 9.5.198 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via su…
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Medium 5.5
An issue in Qianjin Network Information Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd 51Job iOS 14.22.0 allows attackers to access sen…
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Medium 5.5
An issue in Boohee Technology Boohee Health iOS 13.0.13 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via suppl…
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Medium 6.3
JavaScript Injection via url encoded values in links in Collabora Office Android
Collabora Online is a collaborative online office suite based on LibreOffice technology. In the mobile (Android/iOS) device variants of Collabora Online it was possible to inject JavaScript via url encoded values in links contained in documents. Since the And…
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Medium 4.1
Stored XSS via javascript URI in Apollo Change Requests comment
In Apollo change requests, comments added by users could contain a javascript URI link that when rendered will result in an XSS that require user interaction.
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Medium 6.8
Backstage has XSS Vulnerability in Software Catalog
Backstage is an open platform for building developer portals. `@backstage/catalog-model` prior to version 1.2.0, `@backstage/core-components` prior to 0.12.4, and `@backstage/plugin-catalog-backend` prior to 1.7.2 are affected by a cross-site scripting vulner…