Weakness (CWE)
CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command
The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data.
How to prevent it (8 mitigations)
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Architecture and Design
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
For example, consider using persistence layers such as Hibernate or Enterprise Java Beans, which can provide significant protection against SQL injection if used properly.
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Architecture and Design
If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
Process SQL queries using prepared statements, parameterized queries, or stored procedures. These features should accept parameters or variables and support strong typing. Do not dynamically construct and execute query strings within these features using "exec" or similar functionality, since this may re-introduce the possibility of SQL injection. [REF-867]
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Architecture and Design, Operation
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Specifically, follow the principle of least privilege when creating user accounts to a SQL database. The database users should only have the minimum privileges necessary to use their account. If the requirements of the system indicate that a user can read and modify their own data, then limit their privileges so they cannot read/write others' data. Use the strictest permissions possible on all database objects, such as execute-only for stored procedures.
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Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
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Implementation
While it is risky to use dynamically-generated query strings, code, or commands that mix control and data together, sometimes it may be unavoidable. Properly quote arguments and escape any special characters within those arguments. The most conservative approach is to escape or filter all characters that do not pass an extremely strict allowlist (such as everything that is not alphanumeric or white space). If some special characters are still needed, such as white space, wrap each argument in quotes after the escaping/filtering step. Be careful of argument injection (CWE-88).
Instead of building a new implementation, such features may be available in the database or programming language. For example, the Oracle DBMS_ASSERT package can check or enforce that parameters have certain properties that make them less vulnerable to SQL injection. For MySQL, the mysql_real_escape_string() API function is available in both C and PHP.
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Implementation
Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
When constructing SQL query strings, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set based on the expected value of the parameter in the request. This will indirectly limit the scope of an attack, but this technique is less important than proper output encoding and escaping.
Note that proper output encoding, escaping, and quoting is the most effective solution for preventing SQL injection, although input validation may provide some defense-in-depth. This is because it effectively limits what will appear in output. Input validation will not always prevent SQL injection, especially if you are required to support free-form text fields that could contain arbitrary characters. For example, the name "O'Reilly" would likely pass the validation step, since it is a common last name in the English language. However, it cannot be directly inserted into the database because it contains the "'" apostrophe character, which would need to be escaped or otherwise handled. In this case, stripping the apostrophe might reduce the risk of SQL injection, but it would produce incorrect behavior because the wrong name would be recorded.
When feasible, it may be safest to disallow meta-characters entirely, instead of escaping them. This will provide some defense in depth. After the data is entered into the database, later processes may neglect to escape meta-characters before use, and you may not have control over those processes.
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Architecture and Design
When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
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Implementation
Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
In the context of SQL Injection, error messages revealing the structure of a SQL query can help attackers tailor successful attack strings.
Source: MITRE CWE-89
6,403 results · Clear filters · Feed
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High 7.3
itsourcecode Online Admission System examinee.php sql injection
A vulnerability was detected in itsourcecode Online Admission System 1.0. This affects an unknown function of the file /admin/examinee.php. Performing a manipulation of the argument ID results in sql injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploi…
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High 7.3
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A security vulnerability has been detected in itsourcecode Online Admission System 1.0. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /admin/creteria.php. Such manipulation of the argument ID leads to sql injection. It is possible to launch the atta…
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High 7.3
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High 7.3
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High 7.3
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High 7.3
itsourcecode Online Admission System login1.php sql injection
A vulnerability was detected in itsourcecode Online Admission System 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /login1.php. Performing a manipulation of the argument User results in sql injection. The attack may be initiated remote…
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High 7.3
kishor-23 food-waste-management-system Take Order delivery.php sql injection
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High 7.3
kishor-23 food-waste-management-system donate.php sql injection
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High 7.3
kishor-23 food-waste-management-system Food Donation Form fooddonateform.php insert sql injection
A vulnerability was found in kishor-23 food-waste-management-system 411989e3ecb82895e53dca7865f72145f03d7d93/b3a70b2c492dc9904de5be1ad9389bd79b87f82c. The affected element is the function insert of the file fooddonateform.php of the component Food Donation Fo…
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High 7.3
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High 7.3
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High 8.8
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High 7.5
WP Visitor Statistics (Real Time Traffic) <= 8.7 - Unauthenticated SQL Injection via 'fullRef' Parameter
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High 8.6
SaveTo Wishlist Lite < 1.1.5 - Unauthenticated SQLi via 'sort_column' and 'sort_order' Parameters
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High 7.5
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High 8.8
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High 7.1
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High 7.3
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High 7.5
YesWiki before 4.6.7 SQL Injection via nuagetag tags parameter
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High 7.5
YesWiki before 4.6.7 Unauthenticated Blind SQL Injection via newtextsearch
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High 8.6
YesWiki before 4.6.7 SQL Injection via filtertags filterN parameter
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High 7.6
YesWiki before 4.6.7 Second-Order SQL Injection via ACL Username
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High 8.8
SQL Injection in HAVELSAN's Sef - AI Chatbot Platform
Improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command ('SQL injection') vulnerability in HAVELSAN Inc. Sef - AI Chatbot Platform allows SQL Injection. This issue affects Sef - AI Chatbot Platform: before 2.1. NOTE: The vendor was contacted and it…
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High 7.3
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High 7.2
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High 7.6CVE-2026-62059 Public exploit
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High 7.6
WordPress Captivate Sync plugin <= 3.3.2 - SQL Injection vulnerability
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High 8.5
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High 8.5
WordPress Unlimited Elements For Elementor (Free Widgets, Addons, Templates) plugin <= 2.0.20 - SQL Injection vulnerability
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High 8.7
n8n before 1.123.80, 2.39.6, and 2.40.1 SQL Injection via Oracle Database Drop Table
n8n versions before 1.123.80, from 2.0.0 before 2.39.6, and from 2.40.0 before 2.40.1 contain an SQL injection vulnerability in the Oracle Database node's Delete Table Drop operation. Attackers can inject single quotes in the table or schema fields to append …
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High 7.2
SQL Injection in Grafana Integration Endpoint (query.php)
Unsanitized concatenation of the module parameter in the Grafana datasource endpoint allows authenticated blind SQL injection. Affects Pandora FMS from 777 onwards.
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High 8.6
Pro Like Button < 2.0 - Unauthenticated SQLi via 'postid' Parameter
The Pro Like Button WordPress plugin before 2.0 does not properly sanitize and escape a parameter before using it in a SQL query, allowing unauthenticated users to perform SQL injection attacks.
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High 7.5
Paytm Payment Gateway < 2.8.9 - Unauthenticated SQLi via Payment Callback
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High 7.1
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High 7.2
Kiteworks Core SQL Injection
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High 7.3
AdithyaYelloju Restaurant-Management-System table_booking.php mysqli_query sql injection
A weakness has been identified in AdithyaYelloju Restaurant-Management-System up to 7f0e7e84255e8fcfd488e83f8f91451bbbff6b9c. This affects the function mysqli_query of the file admin/table_booking.php. This manipulation of the argument Name causes sql injecti…
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High 7.3
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A vulnerability was identified in AdithyaYelloju Restaurant-Management-System up to 7f0e7e84255e8fcfd488e83f8f91451bbbff6b9c. The affected element is the function mysqli_query of the file User/cancel.php of the component Order Cancellation. The manipulation o…
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High 7.3
AdithyaYelloju Restaurant-Management-System Order Placement ord.php mysqli_query sql injection
A vulnerability was determined in AdithyaYelloju Restaurant-Management-System up to 7f0e7e84255e8fcfd488e83f8f91451bbbff6b9c. Impacted is the function mysqli_query of the file User/ord.php of the component Order Placement. Executing a manipulation of the argu…
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High 7.3
AdithyaYelloju Restaurant-Management-System Unauthenticated Action Script delete1.php mysqli_query sql injection
A vulnerability was found in AdithyaYelloju Restaurant-Management-System up to 7f0e7e84255e8fcfd488e83f8f91451bbbff6b9c. This issue affects the function mysqli_query of the file admin/delete1.php of the component Unauthenticated Action Script. Performing a ma…
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High 7.6
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Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability in WPTasty Business Directory business-directory-plugin allows Blind SQL Injection.This issue affects Business Directory: from n/a through 6.4.27.