Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
usb: gadget: f_fs: Clear ffs_eventfd in ffs_data_clear.
ffs_data_clear is indirectly called from both ffs_fs_kill_sb and
ffs_ep0_release, so it ends up being called twice when userland closes ep0
and then unmounts f_fs.
If userland provided an eventfd along with function's USB descriptors, it
ends up calling eventfd_ctx_put as many times, causing a refcount
underflow.
NULL-ify ffs_eventfd to prevent these extraneous eventfd_ctx_put calls.
Also, set epfiles to NULL right after de-allocating it, for readability.
For completeness, ffs_data_clear actually ends up being called thrice, the
last call being before the whole ffs structure gets freed, so when this
specific sequence happens there is a second underflow happening (but not
being reported):
/sys/kernel/debug/tracing# modprobe usb_f_fs
/sys/kernel/debug/tracing# echo ffs_data_clear > set_ftrace_filter
/sys/kernel/debug/tracing# echo function > current_tracer
/sys/kernel/debug/tracing# echo 1 > tracing_on
(setup gadget, run and kill function userland process, teardown gadget)
/sys/kernel/debug/tracing# echo 0 > tracing_on
/sys/kernel/debug/tracing# cat trace
smartcard-openp-436 [000] ..... 1946.208786: ffs_data_clear <-ffs_data_closed
smartcard-openp-431 [000] ..... 1946.279147: ffs_data_clear <-ffs_data_closed
smartcard-openp-431 [000] .n... 1946.905512: ffs_data_clear <-ffs_data_put
Warning output corresponding to above trace:
[ 1946.284139] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 431 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0x110/0x15c
[ 1946.293094] refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.
[ 1946.298164] Modules linked in: usb_f_ncm(E) u_ether(E) usb_f_fs(E) hci_uart(E) btqca(E) btrtl(E) btbcm(E) btintel(E) bluetooth(E) nls_ascii(E) nls_cp437(E) vfat(E) fat(E) bcm2835_v4l2(CE) bcm2835_mmal_vchiq(CE) videobuf2_vmalloc(E) videobuf2_memops(E) sha512_generic(E) videobuf2_v4l2(E) sha512_arm(E) videobuf2_common(E) videodev(E) cpufreq_dt(E) snd_bcm2835(CE) brcmfmac(E) mc(E) vc4(E) ctr(E) brcmutil(E) snd_soc_core(E) snd_pcm_dmaengine(E) drbg(E) snd_pcm(E) snd_timer(E) snd(E) soundcore(E) drm_kms_helper(E) cec(E) ansi_cprng(E) rc_core(E) syscopyarea(E) raspberrypi_cpufreq(E) sysfillrect(E) sysimgblt(E) cfg80211(E) max17040_battery(OE) raspberrypi_hwmon(E) fb_sys_fops(E) regmap_i2c(E) ecdh_generic(E) rfkill(E) ecc(E) bcm2835_rng(E) rng_core(E) vchiq(CE) leds_gpio(E) libcomposite(E) fuse(E) configfs(E) ip_tables(E) x_tables(E) autofs4(E) ext4(E) crc16(E) mbcache(E) jbd2(E) crc32c_generic(E) sdhci_iproc(E) sdhci_pltfm(E) sdhci(E)
[ 1946.399633] CPU: 0 PID: 431 Comm: smartcard-openp Tainted: G C OE 5.15.0-1-rpi #1 Debian 5.15.3-1
[ 1946.417950] Hardware name: BCM2835
[ 1946.425442] Backtrace:
[ 1946.432048] [<c08d60a0>] (dump_backtrace) from [<c08d62ec>] (show_stack+0x20/0x24)
[ 1946.448226] r7:00000009 r6:0000001c r5:c04a948c r4:c0a64e2c
[ 1946.458412] [<c08d62cc>] (show_stack) from [<c08d9ae0>] (dump_stack+0x28/0x30)
[ 1946.470380] [<c08d9ab8>] (dump_stack) from [<c0123500>] (__warn+0xe8/0x154)
[ 1946.482067] r5:c04a948c r4:c0a71dc8
[ 1946.490184] [<c0123418>] (__warn) from [<c08d6948>] (warn_slowpath_fmt+0xa0/0xe4)
[ 1946.506758] r7:00000009 r6:0000001c r5:c0a71dc8 r4:c0a71e04
[ 1946.517070] [<c08d68ac>] (warn_slowpath_fmt) from [<c04a948c>] (refcount_warn_saturate+0x110/0x15c)
[ 1946.535309] r8:c0100224 r7:c0dfcb84 r6:ffffffff r5:c3b84c00 r4:c24a17c0
[ 1946.546708] [<c04a937c>] (refcount_warn_saturate) from [<c0380134>] (eventfd_ctx_put+0x48/0x74)
[ 1946.564476] [<c03800ec>] (eventfd_ctx_put) from [<bf5464e8>] (ffs_data_clear+0xd0/0x118 [usb_f_fs])
[ 1946.582664] r5:c3b84c00 r4:c2695b00
[ 1946.590668] [<bf546418>] (ffs_data_clear [usb_f_fs]) from [<bf547cc0>] (ffs_data_closed+0x9c/0x150 [usb_f_fs])
[ 1946.609608] r5:bf54d014 r4:c2695b00
[ 1946.617522] [<bf547c24>] (ffs_data_closed [usb_f_fs]) from [<bf547da0>] (ffs_fs_kill_sb+0x2c/0x30 [usb_f_fs])
[ 1946.636217] r7:c0dfcb
---truncated---
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux | 4.0 | 4.4.298 |
Fixed in Linux distributions
Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.
Debian
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian 14 | linux | 5.15.15-1 | — |
| Debian 13 | linux | 5.15.15-1 | — |
| Debian 12 | linux | 5.15.15-1 | — |
Ubuntu
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi-realtime | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-riscv +22 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux | 5.4.0-105.119 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-aws | 5.4.0-1069.73 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-azure | 5.4.0-1073.76 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-bluefield | 5.4.0-1032.35 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 5.4.0-1068.72 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gke +26 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gkeop | 5.4.0-1037.38 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-ibm | 5.4.0-1018.20 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-kvm | 5.4.0-1059.62 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 5.4.0-1067.72 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-raspi | 5.4.0-1056.63 | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux | 4.15.0-173.182 | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-aws | 4.15.0-1124.133 | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-aws-5.4 | 5.4.0-1069.73~18.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-azure-4.15 | 4.15.0-1134.147 | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-azure-5.4 | 5.4.0-1073.76~18.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp +14 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp-4.15 | 4.15.0-1119.133 | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp-5.4 | 5.4.0-1068.72~18.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-hwe-5.4 | 5.4.0-105.119~18.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-ibm-5.4 | 5.4.0-1018.20~18.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-kvm | 4.15.0-1110.113 | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 4.15.0-1090.99 | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-oracle-5.4 | 5.4.0-1067.72~18.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-raspi-5.4 | 5.4.0-1056.63~18.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 16.04 LTS | linux-hwe-edge | No fix yet | — |
Show 8 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS 20.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS 18.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS 16.04 LTS | linux-fips | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS | linux-aws-fips | 5.4.0-1069.73+fips2 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS | linux-azure-fips | 5.4.0-1073.76+fips1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS | linux-fips | 5.4.0-1046.52 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS | linux-gcp-fips | 5.4.0-1067.71~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 18.04 LTS | linux-aws-fips | 4.15.0-2064.67 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 18.04 LTS | linux-azure-fips | 4.15.0-2046.50 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 18.04 LTS | linux-fips | 4.15.0-1081.90 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp-fips | 4.15.0-2029.32 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 16.04 LTS | linux-fips | 4.4.0-1103.110 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS | linux | 4.4.0-257.291 | USN-6938-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS | linux-aws | 4.4.0-1172.187 | USN-6938-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS | linux-aws-hwe | 4.15.0-1124.133~16.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS | linux-azure | 4.15.0-1134.147~16.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 4.15.0-1119.133~16.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS | linux-hwe | 4.15.0-173.182~16.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS | linux-kvm | 4.4.0-1135.145 | USN-6938-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 4.15.0-1090.99~16.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 14.04 LTS | linux-aws | 4.4.0-1134.140 | USN-6938-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 14.04 LTS | linux-azure | 4.15.0-1134.147~14.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 14.04 LTS | linux-lts-xenial | 4.4.0-257.291~14.04.1 | USN-6938-1 |
SUSE
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLES 15 SP5 | kernel-64kb +6 | 5.14.21-150500.55.59.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1480-1 |
| SLES 15 SP5 | kernel-azure +2 | 5.14.21-150500.33.48.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1490-1 |
| SLES 15 SP5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.59.1.150500.6.25.7 | SUSE-SU-2024:1480-1 |
| SLES 15 SP4 | kernel-64kb +6 | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| SLES 15 SP4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1.150400.24.54.5 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| SLES 15 SP3 | kernel-64kb +7 | 5.3.18-150300.59.158.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1489-1 |
| SLES 15 SP3 | kernel-default-base | 5.3.18-150300.59.158.1.150300.18.92.5 | SUSE-SU-2024:1489-1 |
| SLES 12 SP5 | kernel-azure +2 | 4.12.14-16.188.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1979-1 |
| SLES 12 SP5 | kernel-docs +4 | 4.12.14-122.219.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:2184-1 |
Show 19 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLES for SAP 15 SP4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1.150400.24.54.5 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| SLES for SAP 15 SP4 | kernel-docs +4 | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| SLES for SAP 15 SP3 | kernel-default-base | 5.3.18-150300.59.158.1.150300.18.92.5 | SUSE-SU-2024:1489-1 |
| SLES for SAP 15 SP3 | kernel-docs +5 | 5.3.18-150300.59.158.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1489-1 |
| SLES for SAP 12 SP5 | kernel-azure +2 | 4.12.14-16.188.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1979-1 |
| SLES for SAP 12 SP5 | kernel-syms +2 | 4.12.14-122.219.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:2184-1 |
| SLE Real Time 12 SP5 | kernel-rt +3 | 4.12.14-10.188.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1983-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.5 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150500.55.59.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1480-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.59.1.150500.6.25.7 | SUSE-SU-2024:1480-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.5 | kernel-rt +1 | 5.14.21-150500.13.47.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1466-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.4 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1.150400.24.54.5 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.4 | kernel-rt +1 | 5.14.21-150400.15.76.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1320-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.3 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.3 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1.150400.24.54.5 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.3 | kernel-rt +1 | 5.14.21-150400.15.76.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1320-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.2 | kernel-default | 5.3.18-150300.59.158.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1489-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.2 | kernel-default-base | 5.3.18-150300.59.158.1.150300.18.92.5 | SUSE-SU-2024:1489-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.2 | kernel-rt +1 | 5.3.18-150300.166.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1465-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.1 | kernel-default | 5.3.18-150300.59.158.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1489-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.1 | kernel-default-base | 5.3.18-150300.59.158.1.150300.18.92.5 | SUSE-SU-2024:1489-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.1 | kernel-rt +1 | 5.3.18-150300.166.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1465-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP5 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150500.55.59.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1480-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP5 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5-RT_Update_13 | 1-150500.11.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1466-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP5 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_12 | 1-150500.11.7.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1480-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP4 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP4 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_25 | 1-150400.9.5.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP3 | kernel-default | 5.3.18-150300.59.158.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1489-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP3 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_43 | 1-150300.7.3.5 | SUSE-SU-2024:1489-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 12 SP5 | kernel-default | 4.12.14-122.219.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:2184-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 12 SP5 | kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_57 | 1-8.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:2184-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP4 | kernel-64kb +5 | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1.150400.24.54.5 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP3 | kernel-64kb +6 | 5.3.18-150300.59.158.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1489-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP3 | kernel-default-base | 5.3.18-150300.59.158.1.150300.18.92.5 | SUSE-SU-2024:1489-1 |
| SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP5 | kernel-rt +3 | 5.14.21-150500.13.47.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1466-1 |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.3 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1.150400.24.54.5 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.3 | kernel-syms +3 | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.3 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1.150400.24.54.5 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.3 | kernel-syms +2 | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| SUSE Enterprise Storage 7.1 | kernel-64kb +6 | 5.3.18-150300.59.158.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1489-1 |
| SUSE Enterprise Storage 7.1 | kernel-default-base | 5.3.18-150300.59.158.1.150300.18.92.5 | SUSE-SU-2024:1489-1 |
openSUSE
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| openSUSE Leap 15.5 | dtb-aarch64 +10 | 5.14.21-150500.55.59.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1480-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.5 | kernel-azure +2 | 5.14.21-150500.33.48.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1490-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.59.1.150500.6.25.7 | SUSE-SU-2024:1480-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.5 | kernel-rt +3 | 5.14.21-150500.13.47.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1466-1 |
Show 2 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| openSUSE Leap Micro 5.4 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| openSUSE Leap Micro 5.4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1.150400.24.54.5 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| openSUSE Leap Micro 5.4 | kernel-rt | 5.14.21-150400.15.76.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1320-1 |
| openSUSE Leap Micro 5.3 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| openSUSE Leap Micro 5.3 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.116.1.150400.24.54.5 | SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 |
| openSUSE Leap Micro 5.3 | kernel-rt | 5.14.21-150400.15.76.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:1320-1 |
Advisories 13
- USN-6938-1 linux, linux-aws, linux-kvm, linux-lts-xenial vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 27, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2024:1979-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2024:1489-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2024:1320-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2024:1983-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2024:1480-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2024:1490-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2024:1466-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2024:1465-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2024:2184-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- WID-SEC-2025-0225 Dell PowerProtect Data Domain: Mehrere Schwachstellen BSI CERT-Bund (WID) · Oct 1, 2025
- WID-SEC-2024-0488 Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen nicht spezifizierten Angriff BSI CERT-Bund (WID) · Oct 1, 2025
- SUSE-SU-2024:1321-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · May 2, 2025
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f976dd7011150244a7ba820f2c331e9fb253befa
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cc8c8028c21b2a3842a1e98e99e55028df275919
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/52500239e3f2d6fc77b6f58632a9fb98fe74ac09
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/33f6a0cbb7772146e1c11f38028fffbfed14728b
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/240fc586e83d645912accce081a48aa63a45f6ee
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1c4ace3e6b8575745c50dca9e76e0021e697d645
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ebef2aa29f370b5096c16020c104e393192ef684
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b1e0887379422975f237d43d8839b751a6bcf154