Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
arm64: ftrace: fix module PLTs with mcount
Li Huafei reports that mcount-based ftrace with module PLTs was broken
by commit:
a6253579977e4c6f ("arm64: ftrace: consistently handle PLTs.")
When a module PLTs are used and a module is loaded sufficiently far away
from the kernel, we'll create PLTs for any branches which are
out-of-range. These are separate from the special ftrace trampoline
PLTs, which the module PLT code doesn't directly manipulate.
When mcount is in use this is a problem, as each mcount callsite in a
module will be initialized to point to a module PLT, but since commit
a6253579977e4c6f ftrace_make_nop() will assume that the callsite has
been initialized to point to the special ftrace trampoline PLT, and
ftrace_find_callable_addr() rejects other cases.
This means that when ftrace tries to initialize a callsite via
ftrace_make_nop(), the call to ftrace_find_callable_addr() will find
that the `_mcount` stub is out-of-range and is not handled by the ftrace
PLT, resulting in a splat:
| ftrace_test: loading out-of-tree module taints kernel.
| ftrace: no module PLT for _mcount
| ------------[ ftrace bug ]------------
| ftrace failed to modify
| [<ffff800029180014>] 0xffff800029180014
| actual: 44:00:00:94
| Initializing ftrace call sites
| ftrace record flags: 2000000
| (0)
| expected tramp: ffff80000802eb3c
| ------------[ cut here ]------------
| WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 157 at kernel/trace/ftrace.c:2120 ftrace_bug+0x94/0x270
| Modules linked in:
| CPU: 3 PID: 157 Comm: insmod Tainted: G O 6.0.0-rc6-00151-gcd722513a189-dirty #22
| Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)
| pstate: 60000005 (nZCv daif -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
| pc : ftrace_bug+0x94/0x270
| lr : ftrace_bug+0x21c/0x270
| sp : ffff80000b2bbaf0
| x29: ffff80000b2bbaf0 x28: 0000000000000000 x27: ffff0000c4d38000
| x26: 0000000000000001 x25: ffff800009d7e000 x24: ffff0000c4d86e00
| x23: 0000000002000000 x22: ffff80000a62b000 x21: ffff8000098ebea8
| x20: ffff0000c4d38000 x19: ffff80000aa24158 x18: ffffffffffffffff
| x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0a0d2d2d2d2d2d2d x15: ffff800009aa9118
| x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 6333626532303830 x12: 3030303866666666
| x11: 203a706d61727420 x10: 6465746365707865 x9 : 3362653230383030
| x8 : c0000000ffffefff x7 : 0000000000017fe8 x6 : 000000000000bff4
| x5 : 0000000000057fa8 x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : 0000000000000001
| x2 : ad2cb14bb5438900 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : 0000000000000022
| Call trace:
| ftrace_bug+0x94/0x270
| ftrace_process_locs+0x308/0x430
| ftrace_module_init+0x44/0x60
| load_module+0x15b4/0x1ce8
| __do_sys_init_module+0x1ec/0x238
| __arm64_sys_init_module+0x24/0x30
| invoke_syscall+0x54/0x118
| el0_svc_common.constprop.4+0x84/0x100
| do_el0_svc+0x3c/0xd0
| el0_svc+0x1c/0x50
| el0t_64_sync_handler+0x90/0xb8
| el0t_64_sync+0x15c/0x160
| ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
| ---------test_init-----------
Fix this by reverting to the old behaviour of ignoring the old
instruction when initialising an mcount callsite in a module, which was
the behaviour prior to commit a6253579977e4c6f.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux | 5.10.124 – < 5.10.150, 5.15.49 – < 5.15.75, 5.18.6 – < 5.19, 5.19 | 5.10.150 |
Fixed in Linux distributions
Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.
Debian
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian 14 | linux | 6.0.3-1 | — |
| Debian 13 | linux | 6.0.3-1 | — |
| Debian 12 | linux | 6.0.3-1 | — |
Ubuntu
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 22.04 LTS | linux-bluefield | 5.15.0-1014.16 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-riscv +8 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux +1 | 5.15.0-60.66 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-aws | 5.15.0-1030.34 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure | 5.15.0-1033.40 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-fde | 5.15.0-1033.40.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 5.15.0-1029.36 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gke | 5.15.0-1027.32 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gkeop | 5.15.0-1015.19 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-ibm | 5.15.0-1025.28 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-intel-iotg | 5.15.0-1025.30 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-kvm | 5.15.0-1028.33 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia | 5.15.0-1017.17 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 5.15.0-1029.35 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-raspi | 5.15.0-1024.26 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-riscv +32 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-aws-5.15 | 5.15.0-1030.34~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-azure-5.15 | 5.15.0-1033.40~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gcp-5.15 | 5.15.0-1029.36~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gke +28 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-hwe-5.15 +1 | 5.15.0-60.66~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-intel-iotg-5.15 | 5.15.0-1025.30~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-oracle-5.15 | 5.15.0-1029.35~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-riscv-5.15 | 5.15.0-1029.33~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp +14 | No fix yet | — |
Show 1 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu 16.04 LTS | linux-hwe-edge | No fix yet | — |
SUSE
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLES 15 SP5 | kernel-64kb +6 | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLES 15 SP5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1.150500.6.61.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLES 15 SP4 | kernel-64kb +6 | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLES 15 SP4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1.150400.24.94.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
Show 11 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLES for SAP 15 SP5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1.150500.6.61.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLES for SAP 15 SP5 | kernel-docs +4 | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLES for SAP 15 SP4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1.150400.24.94.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLES for SAP 15 SP4 | kernel-docs +4 | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1.150500.6.61.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.5 | kernel-rt +1 | 5.14.21-150500.13.112.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4149-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.5 | kernel-source +1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.4 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1.150400.24.94.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.4 | kernel-rt +1 | 5.14.21-150400.15.136.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4139-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.3 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.3 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1.150400.24.94.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.3 | kernel-rt +1 | 5.14.21-150400.15.136.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4139-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP5 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP5 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_32 | 1-150500.11.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP4 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP4 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_46 | 1-150400.9.5.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP5 | kernel-64kb +5 | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1.150500.6.61.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP4 | kernel-64kb +5 | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1.150400.24.94.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SUSE Manager Server LTS 4.3 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1.150400.24.94.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SUSE Manager Server LTS 4.3 | kernel-syms +3 | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SUSE Manager Proxy LTS 4.3 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1.150400.24.94.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SUSE Manager Proxy LTS 4.3 | kernel-syms +2 | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
Advisories 5
- WID-SEC-2025-2394 Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen BSI CERT-Bund (WID) · Nov 9, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:4139-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:4149-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/657de36c72f57fa172a66b06f826b3f5bc56f42e
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6c93b683cedaef745884cb9d554d02ed6266b897
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0f77b6b2ba70d7c9d69ef39694e283ded9f8b5f2
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/985432303cf7d4804fb2c2fdfbf0466a796d68c3
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8cfb08575c6d4585f1ce0deeb189e5c824776b04