Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
usb: gadget: u_audio: don't let userspace block driver unbind
In the unbind callback for f_uac1 and f_uac2, a call to snd_card_free()
via g_audio_cleanup() will disconnect the card and then wait for all
resources to be released, which happens when the refcount falls to zero.
Since userspace can keep the refcount incremented by not closing the
relevant file descriptor, the call to unbind may block indefinitely.
This can cause a deadlock during reboot, as evidenced by the following
blocked task observed on my machine:
task:reboot state:D stack:0 pid:2827 ppid:569 flags:0x0000000c
Call trace:
__switch_to+0xc8/0x140
__schedule+0x2f0/0x7c0
schedule+0x60/0xd0
schedule_timeout+0x180/0x1d4
wait_for_completion+0x78/0x180
snd_card_free+0x90/0xa0
g_audio_cleanup+0x2c/0x64
afunc_unbind+0x28/0x60
...
kernel_restart+0x4c/0xac
__do_sys_reboot+0xcc/0x1ec
__arm64_sys_reboot+0x28/0x30
invoke_syscall+0x4c/0x110
...
The issue can also be observed by opening the card with arecord and
then stopping the process through the shell before unbinding:
# arecord -D hw:UAC2Gadget -f S32_LE -c 2 -r 48000 /dev/null
Recording WAVE '/dev/null' : Signed 32 bit Little Endian, Rate 48000 Hz, Stereo
^Z[1]+ Stopped arecord -D hw:UAC2Gadget -f S32_LE -c 2 -r 48000 /dev/null
# echo gadget.0 > /sys/bus/gadget/drivers/configfs-gadget/unbind
(observe that the unbind command never finishes)
Fix the problem by using snd_card_free_when_closed() instead, which will
still disconnect the card as desired, but defer the task of freeing the
resources to the core once userspace closes its file descriptor.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux | 3.4 | 4.14.312 |
Fixed in Linux distributions
Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.
Debian
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian 14 | linux | 6.1.25-1 | — |
| Debian 13 | linux | 6.1.25-1 | — |
| Debian 12 | linux | 6.1.25-1 | — |
Ubuntu
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 22.04 LTS | linux-bluefield | 5.15.0-1022.24 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-realtime +1 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux | 5.15.0-79.86 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-aws | 5.15.0-1042.47 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure | 5.15.0-1045.52 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-fde | 5.15.0-1045.52.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 5.15.0-1039.47 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gke +1 | 5.15.0-1039.44 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gkeop | 5.15.0-1025.30 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-ibm +1 | 5.15.0-1035.38 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-intel-iotg | 5.15.0-1037.42 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-lowlatency | 5.15.0-79.88 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia | 5.15.0-1030.30 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra | 5.15.0-1016.16 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra-igx | 5.15.0-1002.2 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 5.15.0-1040.46 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-riscv +31 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-xilinx-zynqmp | 5.15.0-1025.29 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux | 5.4.0-156.173 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-aws | 5.4.0-1107.115 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-aws-5.15 | 5.15.0-1041.46~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-azure | 5.4.0-1114.120 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-azure-5.15 | 5.15.0-1045.52~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-bluefield | 5.4.0-1068.74 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 5.4.0-1110.119 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gcp-5.15 | 5.15.0-1039.47~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gke +28 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-hwe-5.15 | 5.15.0-79.86~20.04.2 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-ibm | 5.4.0-1054.59 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-ibm-5.15 | 5.15.0-1036.39~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-intel-iotg-5.15 | 5.15.0-1037.42~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-iot | 5.4.0-1019.20 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-kvm | 5.4.0-1096.102 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15 | 5.15.0-79.88~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15 | 5.15.0-1016.16~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 5.4.0-1106.115 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-oracle-5.15 | 5.15.0-1040.46~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-raspi | 5.4.0-1091.102 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-riscv-5.15 | 5.15.0-1038.42~20.04.2 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-xilinx-zynqmp | 5.4.0-1027.31 | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp +14 | No fix yet | — |
Show 12 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu 16.04 LTS | linux-hwe-edge | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-intel-iot-realtime | 5.15.0-1036.38 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-realtime | 5.15.0-1043.48 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS 20.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS 18.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS 16.04 LTS | linux-fips | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS | linux-aws-fips | 5.4.0-1107.115+fips1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS | linux-azure-fips | 5.4.0-1113.119+fips1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS | linux-fips | 5.4.0-1082.91 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS | linux-gcp-fips | 5.4.0-1110.119+fips1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 18.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 16.04 LTS | linux-fips | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-preview 22.04 LTS | linux-fips | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux +5 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux-aws-5.4 | 5.4.0-1107.115~18.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux-azure-5.4 | 5.4.0-1113.119~18.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp-5.4 | 5.4.0-1110.119~18.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux-hwe-5.4 | 5.4.0-156.173~18.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux-ibm-5.4 | 5.4.0-1054.59~18.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux-oracle-5.4 | 5.4.0-1106.115~18.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux-raspi-5.4 | 5.4.0-1091.102~18.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS | linux +7 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 14.04 LTS | linux +3 | No fix yet | — |
SUSE
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLES 15 SP5 | kernel-64kb +6 | 5.14.21-150500.55.110.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02173-1 |
| SLES 15 SP5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.110.1.150500.6.51.3 | SUSE-SU-2025:02173-1 |
| SLES 15 SP4 | kernel-64kb +6 | 5.14.21-150400.24.167.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 |
| SLES 15 SP4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.167.1.150400.24.84.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 |
| SLES 12 SP5 | kernel-syms +2 | 4.12.14-122.261.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:01983-1 |
Show 12 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLES for SAP 15 SP5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.110.1.150500.6.51.3 | SUSE-SU-2025:02173-1 |
| SLES for SAP 15 SP5 | kernel-docs +4 | 5.14.21-150500.55.110.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02173-1 |
| SLES for SAP 15 SP4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.167.1.150400.24.84.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 |
| SLES for SAP 15 SP4 | kernel-docs +4 | 5.14.21-150400.24.167.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.110.1.150500.6.51.3 | SUSE-SU-2025:02173-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.5 | kernel-rt +1 | 5.14.21-150500.13.97.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:01966-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.5 | kernel-source +1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.110.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02173-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.4 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150400.24.167.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.167.1.150400.24.84.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.4 | kernel-rt +1 | 5.14.21-150400.15.121.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:01918-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.3 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150400.24.167.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.3 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.167.1.150400.24.84.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.3 | kernel-rt +1 | 5.14.21-150400.15.121.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:01918-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP5 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150500.55.110.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02173-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP5 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_27 | 1-150500.11.7.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02173-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP4 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150400.24.167.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP4 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_41 | 1-150400.9.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 12 SP5 | kernel-default | 4.12.14-122.261.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:01983-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 12 SP5 | kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_69 | 1-8.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:01983-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP5 | kernel-64kb +5 | 5.14.21-150500.55.110.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02173-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.110.1.150500.6.51.3 | SUSE-SU-2025:02173-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP4 | kernel-64kb +5 | 5.14.21-150400.24.167.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.167.1.150400.24.84.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.3 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.167.1.150400.24.84.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.3 | kernel-syms +3 | 5.14.21-150400.24.167.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.3 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.167.1.150400.24.84.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.3 | kernel-syms +2 | 5.14.21-150400.24.167.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 |
Advisories 5
- SUSE-SU-2025:02262-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:01918-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:02173-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:01966-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:01983-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3e016ef2e72da93a2ea7afbb45de1b481b44d761
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3256e152b645fc1e788ba44c2d8ced690113e3e6
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0eda2004f38d95ef5715d62be884cd344260535b
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/33f341c1fc60e172a3515c51bdabee11e83d1ee9
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b131989797f7287d7fdadb2bababc05a15d44750
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3bc7324e4911351e39c54a62e6ca46321cb10faf
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/43ca70753dfffd517d2af126da28690f8f615605
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6c67ed9ad9b83e453e808f9b31a931a20a25629b