Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
blk-iocost: use spin_lock_irqsave in adjust_inuse_and_calc_cost
adjust_inuse_and_calc_cost() use spin_lock_irq() and IRQ will be enabled
when unlock. DEADLOCK might happen if we have held other locks and disabled
IRQ before invoking it.
Fix it by using spin_lock_irqsave() instead, which can keep IRQ state
consistent with before when unlock.
================================
WARNING: inconsistent lock state
5.10.0-02758-g8e5f91fd772f #26 Not tainted
--------------------------------
inconsistent {IN-HARDIRQ-W} -> {HARDIRQ-ON-W} usage.
kworker/2:3/388 [HC0[0]:SC0[0]:HE0:SE1] takes:
ffff888118c00c28 (&bfqd->lock){?.-.}-{2:2}, at: spin_lock_irq
ffff888118c00c28 (&bfqd->lock){?.-.}-{2:2}, at: bfq_bio_merge+0x141/0x390
{IN-HARDIRQ-W} state was registered at:
__lock_acquire+0x3d7/0x1070
lock_acquire+0x197/0x4a0
__raw_spin_lock_irqsave
_raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x3b/0x60
bfq_idle_slice_timer_body
bfq_idle_slice_timer+0x53/0x1d0
__run_hrtimer+0x477/0xa70
__hrtimer_run_queues+0x1c6/0x2d0
hrtimer_interrupt+0x302/0x9e0
local_apic_timer_interrupt
__sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xfd/0x420
run_sysvec_on_irqstack_cond
sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x46/0xa0
asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x12/0x20
irq event stamp: 837522
hardirqs last enabled at (837521): [<ffffffff84b9419d>] __raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore
hardirqs last enabled at (837521): [<ffffffff84b9419d>] _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x3d/0x40
hardirqs last disabled at (837522): [<ffffffff84b93fa3>] __raw_spin_lock_irq
hardirqs last disabled at (837522): [<ffffffff84b93fa3>] _raw_spin_lock_irq+0x43/0x50
softirqs last enabled at (835852): [<ffffffff84e00558>] __do_softirq+0x558/0x8ec
softirqs last disabled at (835845): [<ffffffff84c010ff>] asm_call_irq_on_stack+0xf/0x20
other info that might help us debug this:
Possible unsafe locking scenario:
CPU0
----
lock(&bfqd->lock);
<Interrupt>
lock(&bfqd->lock);
*** DEADLOCK ***
3 locks held by kworker/2:3/388:
#0: ffff888107af0f38 ((wq_completion)kthrotld){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x742/0x13f0
#1: ffff8881176bfdd8 ((work_completion)(&td->dispatch_work)){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x777/0x13f0
#2: ffff888118c00c28 (&bfqd->lock){?.-.}-{2:2}, at: spin_lock_irq
#2: ffff888118c00c28 (&bfqd->lock){?.-.}-{2:2}, at: bfq_bio_merge+0x141/0x390
stack backtrace:
CPU: 2 PID: 388 Comm: kworker/2:3 Not tainted 5.10.0-02758-g8e5f91fd772f #26
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.14.0-0-g155821a1990b-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
Workqueue: kthrotld blk_throtl_dispatch_work_fn
Call Trace:
__dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:77 [inline]
dump_stack+0x107/0x167
print_usage_bug
valid_state
mark_lock_irq.cold+0x32/0x3a
mark_lock+0x693/0xbc0
mark_held_locks+0x9e/0xe0
__trace_hardirqs_on_caller
lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare.part.0+0x151/0x360
trace_hardirqs_on+0x5b/0x180
__raw_spin_unlock_irq
_raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x24/0x40
spin_unlock_irq
adjust_inuse_and_calc_cost+0x4fb/0x970
ioc_rqos_merge+0x277/0x740
__rq_qos_merge+0x62/0xb0
rq_qos_merge
bio_attempt_back_merge+0x12c/0x4a0
blk_mq_sched_try_merge+0x1b6/0x4d0
bfq_bio_merge+0x24a/0x390
__blk_mq_sched_bio_merge+0xa6/0x460
blk_mq_sched_bio_merge
blk_mq_submit_bio+0x2e7/0x1ee0
__submit_bio_noacct_mq+0x175/0x3b0
submit_bio_noacct+0x1fb/0x270
blk_throtl_dispatch_work_fn+0x1ef/0x2b0
process_one_work+0x83e/0x13f0
process_scheduled_works
worker_thread+0x7e3/0xd80
kthread+0x353/0x470
ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux | 5.10 | 5.10.188 |
Fixed in Linux distributions
Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.
Debian
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian 14 | linux | 6.4.4-1 | — |
| Debian 13 | linux | 6.4.4-1 | — |
| Debian 12 | linux | 6.1.52-1 | — |
Ubuntu
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 22.04 LTS | linux-bluefield | 5.15.0-1027.29 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-riscv +8 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux | 5.15.0-86.96 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-aws | 5.15.0-1047.52 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure | 5.15.0-1049.56 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-fde | 5.15.0-1049.56.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 5.15.0-1044.52 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gke +1 | 5.15.0-1044.49 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gkeop | 5.15.0-1030.35 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-ibm +1 | 5.15.0-1040.43 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-intel-iotg | 5.15.0-1043.49 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-lowlatency | 5.15.0-86.95 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia | 5.15.0-1037.37 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra | 5.15.0-1018.18 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra-igx | 5.15.0-1005.5 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 5.15.0-1045.51 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-riscv +32 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-xilinx-zynqmp | 5.15.0-1025.29 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-aws-5.15 | 5.15.0-1047.52~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-azure-5.15 | 5.15.0-1049.56~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gcp-5.15 | 5.15.0-1044.52~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gke +28 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-hwe-5.15 | 5.15.0-86.96~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-ibm-5.15 | 5.15.0-1040.43~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-intel-iotg-5.15 | 5.15.0-1043.49~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15 | 5.15.0-86.95~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15 | 5.15.0-1018.18~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-oracle-5.15 | 5.15.0-1045.51~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-riscv-5.15 | 5.15.0-1043.47~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp +14 | No fix yet | — |
Show 3 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu 16.04 LTS | linux-hwe-edge | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-intel-iot-realtime | 5.15.0-1040.42 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-realtime | 5.15.0-1048.54 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-preview 22.04 LTS | linux-fips | No fix yet | — |
Red Hat
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| RHEL 9 | bpftool | 7.3.0-427.13.1.el9_4 | RHSA-2024:2394 |
| RHEL 9 | rv +64 | 5.14.0-427.13.1.el9_4 | RHSA-2024:2394 |
SUSE
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLES 15 SP7 | kernel-64kb +6 | 6.4.0-150700.53.22.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4057-1 |
| SLES 15 SP7 | kernel-azure +2 | 6.4.0-150700.20.18.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4132-1 |
| SLES 15 SP7 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-150700.53.22.1.150700.17.15.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4057-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-64kb +6 | 6.4.0-150600.23.78.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4140-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-azure +2 | 6.4.0-150600.8.55.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4128-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-150600.23.78.1.150600.12.34.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:4140-1 |
| SLES 15 SP5 | kernel-64kb +6 | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLES 15 SP5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1.150500.6.61.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLES 15 SP4 | kernel-64kb +6 | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLES 15 SP4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1.150400.24.94.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
Show 17 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLES for SAP 15 SP5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1.150500.6.61.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLES for SAP 15 SP5 | kernel-docs +4 | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLES for SAP 15 SP4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1.150400.24.94.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLES for SAP 15 SP4 | kernel-docs +4 | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.1 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-36.1.21.13 | SUSE-SU-2025:21056-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.1 | kernel-rt +1 | 6.4.0-38.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:21064-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.1 | kernel-source +2 | 6.4.0-36.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:21056-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-36.1.21.13 | SUSE-SU-2025:21040-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-rt +1 | 6.4.0-38.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:21052-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-source +2 | 6.4.0-36.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:21040-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1.150500.6.61.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.5 | kernel-rt +1 | 5.14.21-150500.13.112.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4149-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.5 | kernel-source +1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.4 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1.150400.24.94.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.4 | kernel-rt +1 | 5.14.21-150400.15.136.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4139-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.3 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.3 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1.150400.24.94.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.3 | kernel-rt +1 | 5.14.21-150400.15.136.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4139-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP7 | kernel-default | 6.4.0-150700.53.22.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4057-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP7 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_6 | 1-150700.1.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4141-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP7 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_6 | 1-150700.15.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4057-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-default | 6.4.0-150600.23.78.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4140-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_17 | 1-150600.1.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4301-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_17 | 1-150600.13.5.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4140-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP5 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP5 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_32 | 1-150500.11.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP4 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP4 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_46 | 1-150400.9.5.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP5 | kernel-64kb +5 | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.127.1.150500.6.61.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP4 | kernel-64kb +5 | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP4 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1.150400.24.94.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP7 | kernel-rt +2 | 6.4.0-150700.7.22.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4141-1 |
| SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP6 | kernel-rt +3 | 6.4.0-150600.10.58.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4301-1 |
| SUSE Manager Server LTS 4.3 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1.150400.24.94.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SUSE Manager Server LTS 4.3 | kernel-syms +3 | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SUSE Manager Proxy LTS 4.3 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1.150400.24.94.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
| SUSE Manager Proxy LTS 4.3 | kernel-syms +2 | 5.14.21-150400.24.184.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 |
openSUSE
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | dtb-aarch64 +10 | 6.4.0-150600.23.78.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4140-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-azure +2 | 6.4.0-150600.8.55.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4128-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-150600.23.78.1.150600.12.34.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:4140-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-rt +3 | 6.4.0-150600.10.58.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:4301-1 |
Amazon Linux
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon Linux 2023 | kernel-livepatch-6.1.41-63.109 | 1.0-0.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2023-299 |
| Amazon Linux 2023 | perf +12 | 6.1.41-63.109.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2023-299 |
Advisories 17
- WID-SEC-2025-2394 Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen BSI CERT-Bund (WID) · Nov 9, 2026
- RHSA-2024:2394 Red Hat Security Advisory: kernel security, bug fix, and enhancement update Red Hat Security Advisories (RHSA) · Oct 17, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:4139-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:4140-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:4149-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:21056-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:4141-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:4111-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:21040-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:21052-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:21064-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- ALAS2023-2023-299 Important: kernel security update (Amazon Linux 2023) Amazon Linux Security Center (ALAS) · Feb 11, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:4128-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:4320-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:4132-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:4057-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:4301-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8563b58a4360e648ce18f0e98a75a4be51667431
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eb120c0aff5ceab9c9c46b87f302465bbf2bbaed
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8ceeb3fc86a83700bb1585c189006080a47e8506
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9279a1b74ad98039d5d44d26b9e7a9cfe655b6d3
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3376c4fe2db4aea2dc721a27a999c41fdb45b54f
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8d211554679d0b23702bd32ba04aeac0c1c4f660