Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
NFS: Fix nfs_netfs_issue_read() xarray locking for writeback interrupt
The loop inside nfs_netfs_issue_read() currently does not disable
interrupts while iterating through pages in the xarray to submit
for NFS read. This is not safe though since after taking xa_lock,
another page in the mapping could be processed for writeback inside
an interrupt, and deadlock can occur. The fix is simple and clean
if we use xa_for_each_range(), which handles the iteration with RCU
while reducing code complexity.
The problem is easily reproduced with the following test:
mount -o vers=3,fsc 127.0.0.1:/export /mnt/nfs
dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/nfs/file1.bin bs=4096 count=1
echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
dd if=/mnt/nfs/file1.bin of=/dev/null
umount /mnt/nfs
On the console with a lockdep-enabled kernel a message similar to
the following will be seen:
================================
WARNING: inconsistent lock state
6.7.0-lockdbg+ #10 Not tainted
--------------------------------
inconsistent {IN-SOFTIRQ-W} -> {SOFTIRQ-ON-W} usage.
test5/1708 [HC0[0]:SC0[0]:HE1:SE1] takes:
ffff888127baa598 (&xa->xa_lock#4){+.?.}-{3:3}, at:
nfs_netfs_issue_read+0x1b2/0x4b0 [nfs]
{IN-SOFTIRQ-W} state was registered at:
lock_acquire+0x144/0x380
_raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x4e/0xa0
__folio_end_writeback+0x17e/0x5c0
folio_end_writeback+0x93/0x1b0
iomap_finish_ioend+0xeb/0x6a0
blk_update_request+0x204/0x7f0
blk_mq_end_request+0x30/0x1c0
blk_complete_reqs+0x7e/0xa0
__do_softirq+0x113/0x544
__irq_exit_rcu+0xfe/0x120
irq_exit_rcu+0xe/0x20
sysvec_call_function_single+0x6f/0x90
asm_sysvec_call_function_single+0x1a/0x20
pv_native_safe_halt+0xf/0x20
default_idle+0x9/0x20
default_idle_call+0x67/0xa0
do_idle+0x2b5/0x300
cpu_startup_entry+0x34/0x40
start_secondary+0x19d/0x1c0
secondary_startup_64_no_verify+0x18f/0x19b
irq event stamp: 176891
hardirqs last enabled at (176891): [<ffffffffa67a0be4>]
_raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x44/0x60
hardirqs last disabled at (176890): [<ffffffffa67a0899>]
_raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x79/0xa0
softirqs last enabled at (176646): [<ffffffffa515d91e>]
__irq_exit_rcu+0xfe/0x120
softirqs last disabled at (176633): [<ffffffffa515d91e>]
__irq_exit_rcu+0xfe/0x120
other info that might help us debug this:
Possible unsafe locking scenario:
CPU0
----
lock(&xa->xa_lock#4);
<Interrupt>
lock(&xa->xa_lock#4);
*** DEADLOCK ***
2 locks held by test5/1708:
#0: ffff888127baa498 (&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#22){++++}-{4:4}, at:
nfs_start_io_read+0x28/0x90 [nfs]
#1: ffff888127baa650 (mapping.invalidate_lock#3){.+.+}-{4:4}, at:
page_cache_ra_unbounded+0xa4/0x280
stack backtrace:
CPU: 6 PID: 1708 Comm: test5 Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.7.0-lockdbg+
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-1.fc39
04/01/2014
Call Trace:
dump_stack_lvl+0x5b/0x90
mark_lock+0xb3f/0xd20
__lock_acquire+0x77b/0x3360
_raw_spin_lock+0x34/0x80
nfs_netfs_issue_read+0x1b2/0x4b0 [nfs]
netfs_begin_read+0x77f/0x980 [netfs]
nfs_netfs_readahead+0x45/0x60 [nfs]
nfs_readahead+0x323/0x5a0 [nfs]
read_pages+0xf3/0x5c0
page_cache_ra_unbounded+0x1c8/0x280
filemap_get_pages+0x38c/0xae0
filemap_read+0x206/0x5e0
nfs_file_read+0xb7/0x140 [nfs]
vfs_read+0x2a9/0x460
ksys_read+0xb7/0x140
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux | 6.4 | 6.6.23 |
Fixed in Linux distributions
Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.
Debian
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian 14 | linux | 6.7.12-1 | — |
| Debian 13 | linux | 6.7.12-1 | — |
Ubuntu
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux | 6.8.0-35.35 | USN-6816-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-aws | 6.8.0-1009.9 | USN-6817-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure | 6.8.0-1008.8 | USN-6817-3 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 6.8.0-1008.9 | USN-6817-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gke | 6.8.0-1004.7 | USN-6817-3 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-ibm +2 | 6.8.0-1006.6 | USN-6878-1, USN-6817-2, USN-6816-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi | 6.8.0-1005.5 | USN-6816-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-riscv +1 | 6.8.0-35.35.1 | USN-6816-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-riscv +32 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gke +26 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp +13 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 16.04 LTS | linux-hwe-edge | No fix yet | — |
Show 1 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi-realtime | 6.8.0-2004.4 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-realtime | 6.8.1-1002.2 | — |
SUSE
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-64kb +3 | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.3 | SUSE-SU-2024:2203-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-azure +1 | 6.4.0-150600.8.5.4 | SUSE-SU-2024:2135-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.3.150600.12.2.7 | SUSE-SU-2024:2203-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-docs | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.4 | SUSE-SU-2024:2203-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-source | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.2 | SUSE-SU-2024:2203-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-syms | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:2203-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-syms-azure | 6.4.0-150600.8.5.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:2135-1 |
Show 4 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLE Micro 6.1 | kernel-livepatch-MICRO-6-0-RT_Update_5 | 1-1.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20249-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.1 | kernel-rt +1 | 6.4.0-25.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20249-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-17.1.1.51 | SUSE-SU-2025:20008-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-livepatch-MICRO-6-0-RT_Update_5 | 1-1.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20166-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-rt +1 | 6.4.0-9.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20166-1, SUSE-SU-2025:20028-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-source +2 | 6.4.0-18.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20008-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-default | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.3 | SUSE-SU-2024:2203-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_1 | 1-150600.1.5.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:2973-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_1 | 1-150600.13.3.7 | SUSE-SU-2024:2203-1 |
| SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP6 | kernel-rt +3 | 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:2973-1 |
openSUSE
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | dtb-aarch64 +2 | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:2203-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-64kb +5 | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.3 | SUSE-SU-2024:2203-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-azure +1 | 6.4.0-150600.8.5.4 | SUSE-SU-2024:2135-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.3.150600.12.2.7 | SUSE-SU-2024:2203-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-docs | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.4 | SUSE-SU-2024:2203-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-rt +3 | 6.4.0-150600.10.5.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:2973-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-source | 6.4.0-150600.23.7.2 | SUSE-SU-2024:2203-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-syms-azure | 6.4.0-150600.8.5.1 | SUSE-SU-2024:2135-1 |
Advisories 13
- USN-6878-1 linux-oracle vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 27, 2026
- USN-6816-1 linux, linux-ibm, linux-lowlatency, linux-raspi vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 27, 2026
- USN-6817-3 linux-azure, linux-gke vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 27, 2026
- USN-6817-1 linux-aws, linux-gcp vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 27, 2026
- USN-6817-2 linux-oem-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 27, 2026
- WID-SEC-2024-1008 Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen Denial of Service BSI CERT-Bund (WID) · Oct 12, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:20166-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:20008-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:20028-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:20249-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2024:2973-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2024:2135-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2024:2203-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · May 2, 2025