Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
nvme-fabrics: fix kernel crash while shutting down controller
The nvme keep-alive operation, which executes at a periodic interval,
could potentially sneak in while shutting down a fabric controller.
This may lead to a race between the fabric controller admin queue
destroy code path (invoked while shutting down controller) and hw/hctx
queue dispatcher called from the nvme keep-alive async request queuing
operation. This race could lead to the kernel crash shown below:
Call Trace:
autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0xbc (unreliable)
__blk_mq_sched_dispatch_requests+0x114/0x24c
blk_mq_sched_dispatch_requests+0x44/0x84
blk_mq_run_hw_queue+0x140/0x220
nvme_keep_alive_work+0xc8/0x19c [nvme_core]
process_one_work+0x200/0x4e0
worker_thread+0x340/0x504
kthread+0x138/0x140
start_kernel_thread+0x14/0x18
While shutting down fabric controller, if nvme keep-alive request sneaks
in then it would be flushed off. The nvme_keep_alive_end_io function is
then invoked to handle the end of the keep-alive operation which
decrements the admin->q_usage_counter and assuming this is the last/only
request in the admin queue then the admin->q_usage_counter becomes zero.
If that happens then blk-mq destroy queue operation (blk_mq_destroy_
queue()) which could be potentially running simultaneously on another
cpu (as this is the controller shutdown code path) would forward
progress and deletes the admin queue. So, now from this point onward
we are not supposed to access the admin queue resources. However the
issue here's that the nvme keep-alive thread running hw/hctx queue
dispatch operation hasn't yet finished its work and so it could still
potentially access the admin queue resource while the admin queue had
been already deleted and that causes the above crash.
The above kernel crash is regression caused due to changes implemented
in commit a54a93d0e359 ("nvme: move stopping keep-alive into
nvme_uninit_ctrl()"). Ideally we should stop keep-alive before destroyin
g the admin queue and freeing the admin tagset so that it wouldn't sneak
in during the shutdown operation. However we removed the keep alive stop
operation from the beginning of the controller shutdown code path in commit
a54a93d0e359 ("nvme: move stopping keep-alive into nvme_uninit_ctrl()")
and added it under nvme_uninit_ctrl() which executes very late in the
shutdown code path after the admin queue is destroyed and its tagset is
removed. So this change created the possibility of keep-alive sneaking in
and interfering with the shutdown operation and causing observed kernel
crash.
To fix the observed crash, we decided to move nvme_stop_keep_alive() from
nvme_uninit_ctrl() to nvme_remove_admin_tag_set(). This change would ensure
that we don't forward progress and delete the admin queue until the keep-
alive operation is finished (if it's in-flight) or cancelled and that would
help contain the race condition explained above and hence avoid the crash.
Moving nvme_stop_keep_alive() to nvme_remove_admin_tag_set() instead of
adding nvme_stop_keep_alive() to the beginning of the controller shutdown
code path in nvme_stop_ctrl(), as was the case earlier before commit
a54a93d0e359 ("nvme: move stopping keep-alive into nvme_uninit_ctrl()"),
would help save one callsite of nvme_stop_keep_alive().
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux | 6.10.7 – < 6.11, 6.11 | 6.11 |
Fixed in Linux distributions
Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.
Debian
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian 14 | linux | 6.12.3-1 | — |
| Debian 13 | linux | 6.12.3-1 | — |
Ubuntu
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux | 6.8.0-58.60 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-aws | 6.8.0-1027.29 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure | 6.8.0-1027.32 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure-6.11 | 6.11.0-1012.12~24.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure-nvidia | 6.8.0-1014.15 | USN-7468-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 6.8.0-1028.30 | USN-7450-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gcp-6.11 | 6.11.0-1011.11~24.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gke | 6.8.0-1023.27 | USN-7450-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gkeop | 6.8.0-1010.12 | USN-7450-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-ibm | 6.8.0-1024.24 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia | 6.8.0-1026.29 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-6.11 | 6.11.0-1007.7 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-lowlatency | 6.8.0-1026.29.1 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra | 6.8.0-1008.8 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oem-6.11 | 6.11.0-1015.15 | USN-7310-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oem-6.8 | 6.8.0-1026.26 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 6.8.0-1024.25 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi | 6.8.0-1028.32 | USN-7524-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-realtime +1 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-riscv +1 | 6.8.0-58.60.1 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-aws-6.8 | 6.8.0-1027.29~22.04.1 | USN-7451-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-6.8 | 6.8.0-1027.32~22.04.1 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gcp-6.8 | 6.8.0-1028.30~22.04.1 | USN-7452-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-hwe-6.8 | 6.8.0-58.60~22.04.1 | USN-7449-2 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-ibm-6.8 | 6.8.0-1024.24~22.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-6.8 | 6.8.0-1026.29~22.04.1 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-oracle-6.8 | 6.8.0-1024.25~22.04.1 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-riscv +32 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-riscv-6.8 +1 | 6.8.0-58.60.1~22.04.1 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gke +28 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp +14 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 16.04 LTS | linux-hwe-edge | No fix yet | — |
Show 2 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi-realtime | 6.8.0-2023.24 | USN-7523-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-realtime | 6.8.1-1020.21 | USN-7453-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-realtime-6.8 | 6.8.1-1020.21~22.04.1 | — |
SUSE
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-64kb +6 | 6.4.0-150600.23.33.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0154-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-azure +2 | 6.4.0-150600.8.23.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0117-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-coco +3 | 6.4.0-15061.12.coco15sp6.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0289-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-150600.23.33.1.150600.12.14.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0154-1 |
| SLES 15 SP5 | kernel-64kb +6 | 5.14.21-150500.55.94.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0577-2, SUSE-SU-2025:0577-1 |
| SLES 15 SP5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.94.1.150500.6.43.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0577-2, SUSE-SU-2025:0577-1 |
Show 8 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLES for SAP 15 SP5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.94.1.150500.6.43.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0577-2, SUSE-SU-2025:0577-1 |
| SLES for SAP 15 SP5 | kernel-docs +4 | 5.14.21-150500.55.94.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0577-2, SUSE-SU-2025:0577-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.1 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-24.1.21.4 | SUSE-SU-2025:20248-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.1 | kernel-livepatch-MICRO-6-0-RT_Update_5 | 1-1.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20249-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.1 | kernel-livepatch-MICRO-6-0_Update_5 | 1-1.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:20248-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.1 | kernel-rt +4 | 6.4.0-25.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20249-1, SUSE-SU-2025:20248-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-24.1.21.4 | SUSE-SU-2025:20165-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-livepatch-MICRO-6-0-RT_Update_5 | 1-1.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20166-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-livepatch-MICRO-6-0_Update_5 | 1-1.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:20165-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-rt +4 | 6.4.0-25.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20166-1, SUSE-SU-2025:20165-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.94.1.150500.6.43.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0577-2, SUSE-SU-2025:0577-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.5 | kernel-rt +1 | 5.14.21-150500.13.85.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0556-1 |
| SLE Micro 5.5 | kernel-source +1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.94.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0577-2, SUSE-SU-2025:0577-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-default | 6.4.0-150600.23.33.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0154-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_7 | 1-150600.1.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0153-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_7 | 1-150600.13.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0154-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP5 | kernel-default | 5.14.21-150500.55.94.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0577-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP5 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_23 | 1-150500.11.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0577-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP5 | kernel-64kb +5 | 5.14.21-150500.55.94.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0577-2, SUSE-SU-2025:0577-1 |
| SLE HPC 15 SP5 | kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150500.55.94.1.150500.6.43.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0577-2, SUSE-SU-2025:0577-1 |
| SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP6 | kernel-rt +3 | 6.4.0-150600.10.23.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0153-1 |
openSUSE
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | dtb-aarch64 +10 | 6.4.0-150600.23.33.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0154-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-azure +2 | 6.4.0-150600.8.23.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0117-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-150600.23.33.1.150600.12.14.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0154-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-rt +3 | 6.4.0-150600.10.23.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:0153-1 |
Oracle Linux
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle Linux 9 | kernel-uek +34 | 6.12.0-101.33.4.3.el10uek | ELSA-2025-20530, ELSA-2025-20480 |
Advisories 23
- USN-7449-1 linux, linux-aws, linux-azure, linux-azure-6.8, linux-ibm, linux-lowlatency, linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8, linux-nvidia, linux-nvidia-6.8, linux-nvidia-lowlatency, linux-oem-6.8, linux-oracle, linux-oracle-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7450-1 linux-gcp, linux-gke, linux-gkeop vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7468-1 linux-azure-nvidia vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7453-1 linux-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7451-1 linux-aws-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7524-1 linux-raspi vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7523-1 linux-raspi-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7310-1 linux-oem-6.11 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7449-2 linux-hwe-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7452-1 linux-gcp-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:20165-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:20166-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:20248-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:20249-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:0117-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:0153-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:0154-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:0556-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:0577-2 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:0577-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:0289-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- ELSA-2025-20530 Important: Unbreakable Enterprise kernel security update (Oracle Linux 9) Oracle Linux Security Advisories (ELSA) · Aug 18, 2025
- ELSA-2025-20480 Important: Unbreakable Enterprise kernel security update (Oracle Linux 9) Oracle Linux Security Advisories (ELSA) · Jul 17, 2025