Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
f2fs: fix race in concurrent f2fs_stop_gc_thread
In my test case, concurrent calls to f2fs shutdown report the following
stack trace:
Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xc6cfff63bb5513fc: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP PTI
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 678 Comm: f2fs_rep_shutdo Not tainted 6.12.0-rc5-next-20241029-g6fb2fa9805c5-dirty #85
Call Trace:
<TASK>
? show_regs+0x8b/0xa0
? __die_body+0x26/0xa0
? die_addr+0x54/0x90
? exc_general_protection+0x24b/0x5c0
? asm_exc_general_protection+0x26/0x30
? kthread_stop+0x46/0x390
f2fs_stop_gc_thread+0x6c/0x110
f2fs_do_shutdown+0x309/0x3a0
f2fs_ioc_shutdown+0x150/0x1c0
__f2fs_ioctl+0xffd/0x2ac0
f2fs_ioctl+0x76/0xe0
vfs_ioctl+0x23/0x60
__x64_sys_ioctl+0xce/0xf0
x64_sys_call+0x2b1b/0x4540
do_syscall_64+0xa7/0x240
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
The root cause is a race condition in f2fs_stop_gc_thread() called from
different f2fs shutdown paths:
[CPU0] [CPU1]
---------------------- -----------------------
f2fs_stop_gc_thread f2fs_stop_gc_thread
gc_th = sbi->gc_thread
gc_th = sbi->gc_thread
kfree(gc_th)
sbi->gc_thread = NULL
< gc_th != NULL >
kthread_stop(gc_th->f2fs_gc_task) //UAF
The commit c7f114d864ac ("f2fs: fix to avoid use-after-free in
f2fs_stop_gc_thread()") attempted to fix this issue by using a read
semaphore to prevent races between shutdown and remount threads, but
it fails to prevent all race conditions.
Fix it by converting to write lock of s_umount in f2fs_do_shutdown().
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux | 4.16 | 6.6.64 |
Fixed in Linux distributions
Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.
Debian
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian 14 | linux | 6.12.3-1 | — |
| Debian 13 | linux | 6.12.3-1 | — |
| Debian 12 | linux | No fix yet | — |
Ubuntu
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 22.04 LTS | linux-bluefield | 5.15.0-1082.84 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux | 6.8.0-58.60 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-aws | 6.8.0-1027.29 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure | 6.8.0-1027.32 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure-6.11 | 6.11.0-1012.12~24.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure-nvidia | 6.8.0-1014.15 | USN-7468-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 6.8.0-1028.30 | USN-7450-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gcp-6.11 | 6.11.0-1011.11~24.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gke | 6.8.0-1023.27 | USN-7450-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gkeop | 6.8.0-1010.12 | USN-7450-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-ibm | 6.8.0-1024.24 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia | 6.8.0-1026.29 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-6.11 | 6.11.0-1007.7 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-lowlatency | 6.8.0-1026.29.1 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra | 6.8.0-1008.8 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oem-6.11 | 6.11.0-1015.15 | USN-7310-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oem-6.8 | 6.8.0-1026.26 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 6.8.0-1024.25 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi | 6.8.0-1028.32 | USN-7524-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-realtime +1 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-riscv +1 | 6.8.0-58.60.1 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-xilinx | 6.8.0-1017.18 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux +1 | 5.15.0-164.174 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-aws | 5.15.0-1098.105 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-aws-6.8 | 6.8.0-1027.29~22.04.1 | USN-7451-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure | 5.15.0-1102.111 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-6.8 | 6.8.0-1027.32~22.04.1 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-fde | 5.15.0-1102.111.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 5.15.0-1098.107 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gcp-6.8 | 6.8.0-1028.30~22.04.1 | USN-7452-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gke | 5.15.0-1094.100 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gkeop | 5.15.0-1081.89 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-hwe-6.8 | 6.8.0-58.60~22.04.1 | USN-7449-2 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-ibm +1 | 5.15.0-1092.95 | USN-7928-4, USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-ibm-6.8 | 6.8.0-1024.24~22.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-intel-iotg | 5.15.0-1093.99 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-kvm | 5.15.0-1090.95 | USN-7928-5 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia | 5.15.0-1093.94 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-6.8 | 6.8.0-1026.29~22.04.1 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra | 5.15.0-1050.50 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra-igx | 5.15.0-1039.39 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 5.15.0-1095.101 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-oracle-6.8 | 6.8.0-1024.25~22.04.1 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-riscv +32 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-riscv-6.8 +1 | 6.8.0-58.60.1~22.04.1 | USN-7449-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-xilinx-zynqmp | 5.15.0-1062.66 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gke +28 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp +14 | No fix yet | — |
Show 10 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu 16.04 LTS | linux-hwe-edge | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi-realtime | 6.8.0-2023.24 | USN-7523-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-realtime | 6.8.1-1020.21 | USN-7453-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-intel-iot-realtime | 5.15.0-1090.92 | USN-7928-3 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-realtime | 5.15.0-1097.106 | USN-7928-3 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-realtime-6.8 | 6.8.1-1020.21~22.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS 20.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS | linux-fips | 6.8.0-78.78+fips1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS | linux-aws-fips | 5.15.0-1098.105+fips1 | USN-7928-2 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-fips | 5.15.0-1102.111+fips1 | USN-7928-2 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS | linux-fips | 5.15.0-164.174+fips1 | USN-7928-2 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS | linux-gcp-fips | 5.15.0-1098.107+fips1 | USN-7928-2 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS | linux-aws-fips | 5.4.0-1153.163+fips1 | USN-7922-2 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS | linux-azure-fips | 5.4.0-1157.164+fips1 | USN-7939-2 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS | linux-fips | 5.4.0-1127.137 | USN-7922-2 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS | linux-gcp-fips | 5.4.0-1156.165+fips1 | USN-7922-2 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-preview 22.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux | 5.4.0-224.244 | USN-7922-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-aws | 5.4.0-1153.163 | USN-7922-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-aws-5.15 | 5.15.0-1098.105~20.04.1 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-azure | 5.4.0-1156.163 | USN-7939-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-azure-5.15 | 5.15.0-1102.111~20.04.1 | USN-7938-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-bluefield | 5.4.0-1112.119 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 5.4.0-1156.165 | USN-7922-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-gcp-5.15 | 5.15.0-1098.107~20.04.1 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-hwe-5.15 +1 | 5.15.0-164.174~20.04.1 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-ibm | 5.4.0-1099.104 | USN-7922-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-ibm-5.15 | 5.15.0-1092.95~20.04.1 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-intel-iotg-5.15 | 5.15.0-1093.99~20.04.1 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-iot | 5.4.0-1057.60 | USN-7922-5 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-kvm | 5.4.0-1140.149 | USN-7922-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15 | 5.15.0-1050.50~20.04.1 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 5.4.0-1151.161 | USN-7922-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-oracle-5.15 | 5.15.0-1095.101~20.04.1 | USN-7928-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-raspi | 5.4.0-1136.149 | USN-7922-4 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-riscv-5.15 | 5.15.0-1093.97~20.04.2 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-xilinx-zynqmp | 5.4.0-1071.75 | USN-7922-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux-aws-5.4 | 5.4.0-1153.163~18.04.1 | USN-7922-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux-azure-5.4 | 5.4.0-1156.163~18.04.1 | USN-7939-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp-5.4 | 5.4.0-1156.165~18.04.1 | USN-7922-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux-hwe-5.4 | 5.4.0-224.244~18.04.1 | USN-7922-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux-ibm-5.4 | 5.4.0-1099.104~18.04.1 | USN-7922-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux-oracle-5.4 | 5.4.0-1151.161~18.04.1 | USN-7922-3 |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux-raspi-5.4 | 5.4.0-1136.149~18.04.1 | USN-7922-4 |
Oracle Linux
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle Linux 9 | kernel-uek +34 | 6.12.0-101.33.4.3.el10uek | ELSA-2025-20530, ELSA-2025-20480 |
Advisories 26
- WID-SEC-2024-3762 Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen Denial of Service BSI CERT-Bund (WID) · Nov 10, 2026
- USN-7449-1 linux, linux-aws, linux-azure, linux-azure-6.8, linux-ibm, linux-lowlatency, linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8, linux-nvidia, linux-nvidia-6.8, linux-nvidia-lowlatency, linux-oem-6.8, linux-oracle, linux-oracle-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7450-1 linux-gcp, linux-gke, linux-gkeop vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7468-1 linux-azure-nvidia vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7453-1 linux-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7451-1 linux-aws-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7524-1 linux-raspi vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7523-1 linux-raspi-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7310-1 linux-oem-6.11 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7449-2 linux-hwe-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7452-1 linux-gcp-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7938-1 linux-azure-5.15 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7939-2 linux-azure-fips vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7939-1 linux-azure, linux-azure-5.4 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7928-1 linux, linux-aws, linux-aws-5.15, linux-azure, linux-gcp, linux-gcp-5.15, linux-gke, linux-gkeop, linux-hwe-5.15, linux-ibm, linux-ibm-5.15, linux-intel-iotg, linux-intel-iotg-5.15, linux-lowlatency, linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15, linux-nvidia, linux-nvidia-tegra, linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15, linux-nvidia-tegra-igx, linux-oracle, linux-oracle-5.15, linux-xilinx-zynqmp vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7928-2 linux-fips, linux-aws-fips, linux-azure-fips, linux-gcp-fips vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7922-5 linux-iot vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7928-3 linux-realtime, linux-intel-iot-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7928-4 linux-raspi vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7922-2 linux-fips, linux-aws-fips, linux-gcp-fips vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7922-4 linux-raspi, linux-raspi-5.4 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7922-1 linux, linux-aws, linux-aws-5.4, linux-gcp, linux-gcp-5.4, linux-hwe-5.4, linux-ibm, linux-ibm-5.4, linux-kvm, linux-oracle, linux-xilinx-zynqmp vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7928-5 linux-kvm vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7922-3 linux-oracle-5.4 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- ELSA-2025-20530 Important: Unbreakable Enterprise kernel security update (Oracle Linux 9) Oracle Linux Security Advisories (ELSA) · Aug 18, 2025
- ELSA-2025-20480 Important: Unbreakable Enterprise kernel security update (Oracle Linux 9) Oracle Linux Security Advisories (ELSA) · Jul 17, 2025