Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
mm: hugetlb: independent PMD page table shared count
The folio refcount may be increased unexpectly through try_get_folio() by
caller such as split_huge_pages. In huge_pmd_unshare(), we use refcount
to check whether a pmd page table is shared. The check is incorrect if
the refcount is increased by the above caller, and this can cause the page
table leaked:
BUG: Bad page state in process sh pfn:109324
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x66 pfn:0x109324
flags: 0x17ffff800000000(node=0|zone=2|lastcpupid=0xfffff)
page_type: f2(table)
raw: 017ffff800000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
raw: 0000000000000066 0000000000000000 00000000f2000000 0000000000000000
page dumped because: nonzero mapcount
...
CPU: 31 UID: 0 PID: 7515 Comm: sh Kdump: loaded Tainted: G B 6.13.0-rc2master+ #7
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: QEMU KVM Virtual Machine, BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015
Call trace:
show_stack+0x20/0x38 (C)
dump_stack_lvl+0x80/0xf8
dump_stack+0x18/0x28
bad_page+0x8c/0x130
free_page_is_bad_report+0xa4/0xb0
free_unref_page+0x3cc/0x620
__folio_put+0xf4/0x158
split_huge_pages_all+0x1e0/0x3e8
split_huge_pages_write+0x25c/0x2d8
full_proxy_write+0x64/0xd8
vfs_write+0xcc/0x280
ksys_write+0x70/0x110
__arm64_sys_write+0x24/0x38
invoke_syscall+0x50/0x120
el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0xc8/0xf0
do_el0_svc+0x24/0x38
el0_svc+0x34/0x128
el0t_64_sync_handler+0xc8/0xd0
el0t_64_sync+0x190/0x198
The issue may be triggered by damon, offline_page, page_idle, etc, which
will increase the refcount of page table.
1. The page table itself will be discarded after reporting the
"nonzero mapcount".
2. The HugeTLB page mapped by the page table miss freeing since we
treat the page table as shared and a shared page table will not be
unmapped.
Fix it by introducing independent PMD page table shared count. As
described by comment, pt_index/pt_mm/pt_frag_refcount are used for s390
gmap, x86 pgds and powerpc, pt_share_count is used for x86/arm64/riscv
pmds, so we can reuse the field as pt_share_count.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux | 2.6.20 | 5.10.239 |
Fixed in Linux distributions
Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.
Debian
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian 14 | linux | 6.12.9-1 | — |
| Debian 13 | linux | 6.12.9-1 | — |
| Debian 12 | linux | 6.1.147-1 | DSA-5973-1 |
| Debian 11 | linux | 5.10.244-1 | DLA-4327-1 |
| Debian 11 | linux-6.1 | 6.1.153-1~deb11u1 | DLA-4328-1 |
Ubuntu
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 22.04 LTS | linux-bluefield | 5.15.0-1076.78 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux | 6.8.0-60.63 | USN-7513-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-aws | 6.8.0-1029.31 | USN-7513-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure | 6.8.0-1029.34 | USN-7513-3 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure-6.11 | 6.11.0-1012.12~24.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure-nvidia | 6.8.0-1016.17 | USN-7522-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 6.8.0-1030.32 | USN-7515-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gcp-6.11 | 6.11.0-1011.11~24.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gke | 6.8.0-1025.29 | USN-7515-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gkeop | 6.8.0-1012.14 | USN-7515-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-hwe-6.11 | 6.11.0-21.21~24.04.1 | USN-7379-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-ibm | 6.8.0-1026.26 | USN-7513-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11 | 6.11.0-1011.12~24.04.1 | USN-7381-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia | 6.8.0-1028.31 | USN-7514-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-6.11 | 6.11.0-1007.7 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-lowlatency | 6.8.0-1028.31.1 | USN-7514-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra | 6.8.0-1008.8 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oem-6.11 | 6.11.0-1017.17 | USN-7382-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oem-6.8 | 6.8.0-1028.28 | USN-7513-3 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 6.8.0-1026.27 | USN-7513-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi | 6.8.0-1028.32 | USN-7524-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-realtime +1 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-riscv +1 | 6.8.0-60.63.1 | USN-7513-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-xilinx | 6.8.0-1017.18 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux +1 | 5.15.0-156.166 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-aws | 5.15.0-1092.99 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-aws-6.8 | 6.8.0-1029.31~22.04.1 | USN-7513-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure | 5.15.0-1096.105 | USN-7775-2 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-6.8 | 6.8.0-1029.34~22.04.1 | USN-7513-3 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-fde | 5.15.0-1096.105.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 5.15.0-1092.101 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gcp-6.8 | 6.8.0-1030.32~22.04.1 | USN-7515-2 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gke | 5.15.0-1089.95 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gkeop | 5.15.0-1075.83 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-hwe-6.8 | 6.8.0-60.63~22.04.1 | USN-7513-4 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-ibm +1 | 5.15.0-1086.89 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-ibm-6.8 | 6.8.0-1026.26~22.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-intel-iotg | 5.15.0-1087.93 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-kvm | 5.15.0-1088.93 | USN-7774-4 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 | 6.8.0-60.63.1~22.04.1 | USN-7513-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia | 5.15.0-1087.88 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-6.8 | 6.8.0-1028.31~22.04.1 | USN-7514-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra | 5.15.0-1045.45 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra-igx | 5.15.0-1034.34 | USN-7774-5 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 5.15.0-1090.96 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-oracle-6.8 | 6.8.0-1026.27~22.04.1 | USN-7513-5 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-riscv +32 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-riscv-6.8 | 6.8.0-62.65~22.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-xilinx-zynqmp | 5.15.0-1056.60 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gke +28 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp +14 | No fix yet | — |
Show 16 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu 16.04 LTS | linux-hwe-edge | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi-realtime | 6.8.0-2023.24 | USN-7523-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-realtime | 6.8.1-1022.23 | USN-7513-2 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-intel-iot-realtime | 5.15.0-1085.87 | USN-7774-3 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-realtime | 5.15.0-1092.101 | USN-7774-3 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-realtime-6.8 | 6.8.1-1022.23~22.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS 20.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS 18.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS 16.04 LTS | linux-fips | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS | linux-fips | 6.8.0-78.78+fips1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS | linux-aws-fips | 5.15.0-1092.99+fips1 | USN-7774-2 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-fips | 5.15.0-1096.105+fips1 | USN-7775-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS | linux-fips | 5.15.0-156.166+fips1 | USN-7774-2 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS | linux-gcp-fips | 5.15.0-1092.101+fips1 | USN-7774-2 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 18.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 16.04 LTS | linux-fips | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-preview 22.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux +10 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-aws-5.15 | 5.15.0-1092.99~20.04.1 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-azure-5.15 | 5.15.0-1096.105~20.04.1 | USN-7775-3 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-gcp-5.15 | 5.15.0-1092.101~20.04.1 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-hwe-5.15 +1 | 5.15.0-156.166~20.04.1 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-ibm-5.15 | 5.15.0-1086.89~20.04.1 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-intel-iotg-5.15 | 5.15.0-1087.93~20.04.1 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15 | 5.15.0-1045.45~20.04.1 | USN-7774-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-oracle-5.15 | 5.15.0-1090.96~20.04.1 | USN-7776-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-riscv-5.15 | 5.15.0-1087.91~20.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux +12 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS | linux +7 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 14.04 LTS | linux +3 | No fix yet | — |
Amazon Linux
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon Linux 2023 | kernel-livepatch-6.1.144-170.251 | 1:1.0-0.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1111 |
| Amazon Linux 2023 | perf +14 | 1:6.1.144-170.251.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1111 |
Oracle Linux
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle Linux 9 | kernel-uek +34 | 6.12.0-101.33.4.3.el10uek | ELSA-2025-20530, ELSA-2025-20480 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | bpftool +18 | 5.15.0-312.187.5.el9uek | ELSA-2025-20552 |
Advisories 31
- USN-7524-1 linux-raspi vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7523-1 linux-raspi-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7774-1 linux, linux-aws, linux-aws-5.15, linux-gcp, linux-gcp-5.15, linux-gke, linux-gkeop, linux-hwe-5.15, linux-ibm, linux-ibm-5.15, linux-intel-iotg, linux-intel-iotg-5.15, linux-lowlatency, linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15, linux-nvidia, linux-nvidia-tegra, linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15, linux-oracle, linux-raspi, linux-xilinx-zynqmp vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7774-2 linux-aws-fips, linux-fips, linux-gcp-fips vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7775-1 linux-azure-fips vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7775-3 linux-azure-5.15 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7774-4 linux-kvm vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7775-2 linux-azure vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7774-5 linux-nvidia-tegra-igx vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7774-3 linux-intel-iot-realtime, linux-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7776-1 linux-oracle-5.15 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7522-1 linux-azure-nvidia vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7513-1 linux, linux-aws, linux-aws-6.8, linux-ibm, linux-lowlatency, linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8, linux-oracle vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7513-2 linux-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7513-3 linux-azure, linux-azure-6.8, linux-oem-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7515-2 linux-gcp, linux-gcp-6.8, linux-gkeop vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7514-1 linux-nvidia, linux-nvidia-6.8, linux-nvidia-lowlatency vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7513-4 linux-hwe-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7513-5 linux-oracle-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7515-1 linux-gke vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7379-1 linux, linux-aws, linux-azure, linux-gcp, linux-hwe-6.11, linux-oracle, linux-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 29, 2026
- USN-7382-1 linux-oem-6.11 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 29, 2026
- WID-SEC-2025-0105 Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen Denial of Service BSI CERT-Bund (WID) · Oct 8, 2026
- USN-7381-1 linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Jun 3, 2026
- DLA-4327-1 linux - security update Debian Security (DSA / DLA) · Mar 9, 2026
- DLA-4328-1 linux-6.1 - security update Debian Security (DSA / DLA) · Mar 9, 2026
- DSA-5973-1 linux - security update Debian Security (DSA / DLA) · Mar 9, 2026
- ALAS2023-2025-1111 Important: kernel security update (Amazon Linux 2023) Amazon Linux Security Center (ALAS) · Oct 2, 2025
- ELSA-2025-20552 Important: Unbreakable Enterprise kernel security update (Oracle Linux 8) Oracle Linux Security Advisories (ELSA) · Sep 8, 2025
- ELSA-2025-20530 Important: Unbreakable Enterprise kernel security update (Oracle Linux 9) Oracle Linux Security Advisories (ELSA) · Aug 18, 2025
- ELSA-2025-20480 Important: Unbreakable Enterprise kernel security update (Oracle Linux 9) Oracle Linux Security Advisories (ELSA) · Jul 17, 2025
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/94b4b41d0cdf5cfd4d4325bc0e6e9e0d0e996133
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8410996eb6fea116fe1483ed977aacf580eee7b4
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/02333ac1c35370517a19a4a131332a9690c6a5c7
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/56b274473d6e7e7375f2d0a2b4aca11d67c6b52f
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2e31443a0d18ae43b9d29e02bf0563f07772193d
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/59d9094df3d79443937add8700b2ef1a866b1081