Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
xfrm: state: fix out-of-bounds read during lookup
lookup and resize can run in parallel.
The xfrm_state_hash_generation seqlock ensures a retry, but the hash
functions can observe a hmask value that is too large for the new hlist
array.
rehash does:
rcu_assign_pointer(net->xfrm.state_bydst, ndst) [..]
net->xfrm.state_hmask = nhashmask;
While state lookup does:
h = xfrm_dst_hash(net, daddr, saddr, tmpl->reqid, encap_family);
hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(x, net->xfrm.state_bydst + h, bydst) {
This is only safe in case the update to state_bydst is larger than
net->xfrm.xfrm_state_hmask (or if the lookup function gets
serialized via state spinlock again).
Fix this by prefetching state_hmask and the associated pointers.
The xfrm_state_hash_generation seqlock retry will ensure that the pointer
and the hmask will be consistent.
The existing helpers, like xfrm_dst_hash(), are now unsafe for RCU side,
add lockdep assertions to document that they are only safe for insert
side.
xfrm_state_lookup_byaddr() uses the spinlock rather than RCU.
AFAICS this is an oversight from back when state lookup was converted to
RCU, this lock should be replaced with RCU in a future patch.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux | 4.9 | 6.1.191 |
Fixed in Linux distributions
Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.
Debian
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian 14 | linux | 6.12.13-1 | — |
| Debian 13 | linux | 6.12.13-1 | — |
| Debian 12 | linux | No fix yet | — |
Ubuntu
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 22.04 LTS | linux-bluefield | 5.15.0-1103.105 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux | 6.8.0-64.67 | USN-7651-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-aws | 6.8.0-1032.34 | USN-7651-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure | 6.8.0-1034.39 | USN-7737-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure-nvidia | 6.8.0-1022.23 | USN-7737-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 6.8.0-1033.35 | USN-7651-4 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gcp-6.11 +1 | 6.11.0-1015.15~24.04.1 | USN-7521-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gke | 6.8.0-1028.32 | USN-7651-3 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gkeop | 6.8.0-1015.17 | USN-7651-3 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-hwe-6.11 | 6.11.0-26.26~24.04.1 | USN-7521-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-ibm | 6.8.0-1029.29 | USN-7651-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-lowlatency | 6.8.0-64.67.1 | USN-7651-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11 | 6.11.0-1014.15~24.04.1 | USN-7521-3 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia | 6.8.0-1031.34 | USN-7651-3 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-6.11 | 6.11.0-1010.10 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-lowlatency | 6.8.0-1031.34.1 | USN-7651-3 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra | 6.8.0-1008.8 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oem-6.11 | 6.11.0-1022.22 | USN-7521-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oem-6.8 | 6.8.0-1031.31 | USN-7651-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 6.8.0-1029.30 | USN-7651-3 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi | 6.8.0-1031.35 | USN-7651-6 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-riscv +2 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-xilinx | 6.8.0-1017.18 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux | 5.15.0-202.212 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-aws | 5.15.0-1119.126 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-aws-6.8 | 6.8.0-1032.34~22.04.1 | USN-7651-3 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure | 5.15.0-1125.134 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-6.8 | 6.8.0-1034.39~22.04.1 | USN-7737-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-fde | 5.15.0-1124.133 | USN-8962-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 5.15.0-1120.130 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gcp-6.8 | 6.8.0-1033.35~22.04.1 | USN-7651-4 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gke | 5.15.0-1115.121 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gkeop | 5.15.0-1102.110 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-hwe-6.8 +1 | 6.8.0-64.67~22.04.1 | USN-7653-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-ibm | 5.15.0-1113.117 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-ibm-6.8 | 6.8.0-1029.29~22.04.1 | USN-7651-2 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-intel-iotg | 5.15.0-1114.120 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-kvm | 5.15.0-1111.116 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-lowlatency | 5.15.0-197.207 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 | 6.8.0-64.67.1~22.04.1 | USN-7651-2 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia | 5.15.0-1114.115 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-6.8 | 6.8.0-1031.34~22.04.1 | USN-7651-3 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra | 5.15.0-1070.72 | USN-8963-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra-igx | 5.15.0-1059.59 | USN-8963-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 5.15.0-1116.122 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-oracle-6.8 | 6.8.0-1029.30~22.04.1 | USN-7651-3 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-raspi | 5.15.0-1113.116 | USN-9029-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-riscv +33 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gke +28 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp +14 | No fix yet | — |
Show 14 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu 16.04 LTS | linux-hwe-edge | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi-realtime | 6.8.0-2026.27 | USN-7651-5 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-realtime | 6.8.1-1025.26 | USN-7652-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-intel-iot-realtime | 5.15.0-1111.115 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-realtime | 5.15.0-1118.127 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-realtime-6.8 | 6.8.1-1025.26~22.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS 20.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS 18.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS | linux-fips | 6.8.0-78.78+fips1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS | linux-aws-fips | 5.15.0-1119.126+fips1 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-fips | 5.15.0-1125.134+fips1 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS | linux-fips | 5.15.0-202.212+fips1 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS | linux-gcp-fips | 5.15.0-1120.130+fips1 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 18.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-preview 22.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux +10 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-aws-5.15 | 5.15.0-1119.126~20.04.1 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-azure-5.15 | 5.15.0-1125.134~20.04.1 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-azure-fde-5.15 | 5.15.0-1124.133~20.04.1 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-gcp-5.15 | 5.15.0-1120.130~20.04.1 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-hwe-5.15 | 5.15.0-202.212~20.04.1 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-ibm-5.15 | 5.15.0-1113.117~20.04.1 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-intel-iotg-5.15 | 5.15.0-1114.120~20.04.1 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15 | 5.15.0-197.207~20.04.1 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15 | 5.15.0-1070.72~20.04.1 | USN-8963-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-oracle-5.15 | 5.15.0-1116.122~20.04.1 | USN-8961-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-riscv-5.15 | 5.15.0-1113.117~20.04.2 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS | linux +12 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS | linux-gcp +4 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 14.04 LTS | linux-azure | No fix yet | — |
Red Hat
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| RHEL 10 | rv +76 | 6.12.0-124.8.1.el10_1 | RHSA-2025:20095 |
| RHEL 9 | rv +75 | 5.14.0-611.5.1.el9_7 | RHSA-2025:20518 |
SUSE
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLES 15 SP7 | kernel-64kb +6 | 6.4.0-150700.53.6.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02307-1 |
| SLES 15 SP7 | kernel-azure +2 | 6.4.0-150700.20.6.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02254-1 |
| SLES 15 SP7 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-150700.53.6.1.150700.17.6.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02307-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-64kb +3 | 6.4.0-150600.23.60.4 | SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-azure +2 | 6.4.0-150600.8.43.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02249-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-coco +3 | 6.4.0-15061.28.coco15sp6.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02923-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-default | 6.4.0-150600.23.60.5 | SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-150600.23.60.5.150600.12.26.4 | SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-docs +1 | 6.4.0-150600.23.60.3 | SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1 |
| SLES 12 SP5 | kernel-syms +2 | 4.12.14-122.266.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02334-1 |
Show 7 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLE Micro 6.1 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-31.1.21.9 | SUSE-SU-2025:20475-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.1 | kernel-rt +1 | 6.4.0-34.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20483-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.1 | kernel-source +2 | 6.4.0-31.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20475-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-31.1.21.9 | SUSE-SU-2025:20493-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-rt +1 | 6.4.0-34.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20498-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-source +2 | 6.4.0-31.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20493-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP7 | kernel-default | 6.4.0-150700.53.6.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02307-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP7 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_2 | 1-150700.1.5.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02333-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP7 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_2 | 1-150700.15.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02307-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-default | 6.4.0-150600.23.60.5 | SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_13 | 1-150600.1.5.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02335-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_13 | 1-150600.13.6.4 | SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 12 SP5 | kernel-default | 4.12.14-122.266.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02334-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 12 SP5 | kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_70 | 1-8.5.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02334-1 |
| SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP7 | kernel-rt +2 | 6.4.0-150700.7.8.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02333-1 |
| SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP6 | kernel-rt +3 | 6.4.0-150600.10.44.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02335-1 |
openSUSE
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | dtb-aarch64 +2 | 6.4.0-150600.23.60.3 | SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-64kb +5 | 6.4.0-150600.23.60.4 | SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-azure +2 | 6.4.0-150600.8.43.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02249-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-default | 6.4.0-150600.23.60.5 | SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-150600.23.60.5.150600.12.26.4 | SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-obs-qa | 6.4.0-150600.23.60.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-rt +3 | 6.4.0-150600.10.44.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02335-1 |
Azure Linux
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Azure Linux 3 | kernel | 6.6.121.1-1 | — |
| Azure Linux 2 (CBL-Mariner) | kernel | No fix yet | — |
Oracle Linux
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle Linux 9 | kernel-uek +34 | 6.12.0-101.33.4.3.el10uek | ELSA-2025-20530, ELSA-2025-20480 |
Advisories 32
- USN-8961-1 linux, linux-aws, linux-aws-5.15, linux-aws-fips, linux-azure, linux-azure-5.15, linux-azure-fde-5.15, linux-azure-fips, linux-fips, linux-gcp, linux-gcp-5.15, linux-gcp-fips, linux-gke, linux-gkeop, linux-hwe-5.15, linux-ibm, linux-ibm-5.15, linux-intel-iot-realtime, linux-intel-iotg, linux-intel-iotg-5.15, linux-kvm, linux-lowlatency, linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15, linux-nvidia, linux-oracle, linux-oracle-5.15, linux-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-8963-1 linux-nvidia-tegra, linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15, linux-nvidia-tegra-igx vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-9029-1 linux-raspi vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- USN-8962-1 linux-azure-fde vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 12, 2026
- WID-SEC-2025-0453 Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen BSI CERT-Bund (WID) · Nov 11, 2026
- USN-7737-1 linux-azure, linux-azure-6.8, linux-azure-nvidia vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7653-1 linux-hwe-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7651-3 linux-aws-6.8, linux-gke, linux-gkeop, linux-nvidia, linux-nvidia-6.8, linux-nvidia-lowlatency, linux-oracle, linux-oracle-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7651-2 linux-ibm, linux-ibm-6.8, linux-lowlatency, linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7651-4 linux-gcp, linux-gcp-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7651-6 linux-raspi vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7651-5 linux-raspi-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7652-1 linux-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7521-1 linux, linux-azure, linux-azure-6.11, linux-gcp, linux-gcp-6.11, linux-hwe-6.11, linux-oem-6.11, linux-raspi, linux-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7521-3 linux-lowlatency, linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11, linux-oracle vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7651-1 linux, linux-aws, linux-oem-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- RHSA-2025:20518 Red Hat Security Advisory: kernel security update Red Hat Security Advisories (RHSA) · Oct 17, 2026
- RHSA-2025:20095 Red Hat Security Advisory: kernel security update Red Hat Security Advisories (RHSA) · Oct 17, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:20475-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:20493-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:02335-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:02254-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:20483-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:20498-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:02333-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:02334-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:02307-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:02249-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:02923-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- ELSA-2025-20530 Important: Unbreakable Enterprise kernel security update (Oracle Linux 9) Oracle Linux Security Advisories (ELSA) · Aug 18, 2025
- ELSA-2025-20480 Important: Unbreakable Enterprise kernel security update (Oracle Linux 9) Oracle Linux Security Advisories (ELSA) · Jul 17, 2025
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/80610185e9dd2ef7c0a4818a47390a8655b3dc27
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b86dc510308d7a8955f3f47a4fea4bef887653e4
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a16871c7832ea6435abb6e0b58289ae7dcb7e4fc
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dd4c2a174994238d55ab54da2545543d36f4e0d0
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e952837f3ddb0ff726d5b582aa1aad9aa38d024d