Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
bpf: consider that tail calls invalidate packet pointers
Tail-called programs could execute any of the helpers that invalidate
packet pointers. Hence, conservatively assume that each tail call
invalidates packet pointers.
Making the change in bpf_helper_changes_pkt_data() automatically makes
use of check_cfg() logic that computes 'changes_pkt_data' effect for
global sub-programs, such that the following program could be
rejected:
int tail_call(struct __sk_buff *sk)
{
bpf_tail_call_static(sk, &jmp_table, 0);
return 0;
}
SEC("tc")
int not_safe(struct __sk_buff *sk)
{
int *p = (void *)(long)sk->data;
... make p valid ...
tail_call(sk);
*p = 42; /* this is unsafe */
...
}
The tc_bpf2bpf.c:subprog_tc() needs change: mark it as a function that
can invalidate packet pointers. Otherwise, it can't be freplaced with
tailcall_freplace.c:entry_freplace() that does a tail call.
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux | 5.6 | 6.6.90 |
Fixed in Linux distributions
Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.
Debian
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian 14 | linux | 6.12.9-1 | — |
| Debian 13 | linux | 6.12.9-1 | — |
| Debian 12 | linux | No fix yet | — |
Ubuntu
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 22.04 LTS | linux-bluefield | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux | 6.8.0-60.63 | USN-7513-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-aws | 6.8.0-1029.31 | USN-7513-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure | 6.8.0-1029.34 | USN-7513-3 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure-6.11 | 6.11.0-1012.12~24.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-azure-nvidia | 6.8.0-1016.17 | USN-7522-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gcp | 6.8.0-1030.32 | USN-7515-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gcp-6.11 | 6.11.0-1011.11~24.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gke | 6.8.0-1025.29 | USN-7515-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-gkeop | 6.8.0-1012.14 | USN-7515-2 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-hwe-6.11 | 6.11.0-21.21~24.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-ibm | 6.8.0-1026.26 | USN-7513-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia | 6.8.0-1028.31 | USN-7514-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-6.11 | 6.11.0-1007.7 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-lowlatency | 6.8.0-1028.31.1 | USN-7514-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-tegra | 6.8.0-1008.8 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oem-6.11 | 6.11.0-1017.17 | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oem-6.8 | 6.8.0-1028.28 | USN-7513-3 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-oracle | 6.8.0-1026.27 | USN-7513-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi | 6.8.0-1028.32 | USN-7524-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-realtime +1 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-riscv +1 | 6.8.0-60.63.1 | USN-7513-1 |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS | linux-xilinx | 6.8.0-1017.18 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux +49 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-aws-6.8 | 6.8.0-1029.31~22.04.1 | USN-7513-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-azure-6.8 | 6.8.0-1029.34~22.04.1 | USN-7513-3 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-gcp-6.8 | 6.8.0-1030.32~22.04.1 | USN-7515-2 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-hwe-6.8 | 6.8.0-60.63~22.04.1 | USN-7513-4 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-ibm-6.8 | 6.8.0-1026.26~22.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 | 6.8.0-60.63.1~22.04.1 | USN-7513-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-nvidia-6.8 | 6.8.0-1028.31~22.04.1 | USN-7514-1 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-oracle-6.8 | 6.8.0-1026.27~22.04.1 | USN-7513-5 |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS | linux-riscv-6.8 | 6.8.0-62.65~22.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS | linux-gke +28 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS | linux-gcp +14 | No fix yet | — |
Show 7 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu 16.04 LTS | linux-hwe-edge | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-raspi-realtime | 6.8.0-2023.24 | USN-7523-1 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS | linux-realtime | 6.8.1-1022.23 | USN-7513-2 |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-realtime +1 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS | linux-realtime-6.8 | 6.8.1-1022.23~22.04.1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS | linux-fips | 6.8.0-78.78+fips1 | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro FIPS-preview 22.04 LTS | linux-fips +3 | No fix yet | — |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS | linux-aws-5.15 +10 | No fix yet | — |
SUSE
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLES 15 SP7 | kernel-64kb +6 | 6.4.0-150700.53.6.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02307-1 |
| SLES 15 SP7 | kernel-azure +2 | 6.4.0-150700.20.6.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02254-1 |
| SLES 15 SP7 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-150700.53.6.1.150700.17.6.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02307-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-64kb +6 | 6.4.0-150600.23.53.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02000-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-azure +2 | 6.4.0-150600.8.40.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:01965-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-coco +3 | 6.4.0-15061.28.coco15sp6.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02923-1 |
| SLES 15 SP6 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-150600.23.53.1.150600.12.24.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02000-1 |
Show 6 more (older releases, extended support, other products)Fewer releases
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| SLE Micro 6.1 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-30.1.21.8 | SUSE-SU-2025:20419-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.1 | kernel-rt +1 | 6.4.0-33.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20421-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.1 | kernel-source +2 | 6.4.0-30.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20419-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-30.1.21.8 | SUSE-SU-2025:20408-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-rt +1 | 6.4.0-33.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20413-1 |
| SLE Micro 6.0 | kernel-source +2 | 6.4.0-30.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:20408-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP7 | kernel-default | 6.4.0-150700.53.6.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02307-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP7 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_2 | 1-150700.1.5.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02333-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP7 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_2 | 1-150700.15.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02307-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-default | 6.4.0-150600.23.53.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02000-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_11 | 1-150600.1.3.2 | SUSE-SU-2025:01964-1 |
| SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_12 | 1-150600.13.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02000-1 |
| SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP7 | kernel-rt +2 | 6.4.0-150700.7.8.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02333-1 |
| SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP6 | kernel-rt +3 | 6.4.0-150600.10.39.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:01964-1 |
openSUSE
Security tracker ↗| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | dtb-aarch64 +10 | 6.4.0-150600.23.53.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02000-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-azure +2 | 6.4.0-150600.8.40.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:01965-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-150600.23.53.1.150600.12.24.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02000-1 |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | kernel-rt +3 | 6.4.0-150600.10.39.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:01964-1 |
Azure Linux
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Azure Linux 2 (CBL-Mariner) | kernel | No fix yet | — |
Oracle Linux
| Release | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle Linux 9 | kernel-uek +34 | 6.12.0-101.33.4.3.el10uek | ELSA-2025-20530, ELSA-2025-20480 |
Advisories 25
- USN-7524-1 linux-raspi vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7523-1 linux-raspi-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Nov 3, 2026
- USN-7522-1 linux-azure-nvidia vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7513-1 linux, linux-aws, linux-aws-6.8, linux-ibm, linux-lowlatency, linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8, linux-oracle vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7513-2 linux-realtime vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7513-3 linux-azure, linux-azure-6.8, linux-oem-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7515-2 linux-gcp, linux-gcp-6.8, linux-gkeop vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7514-1 linux-nvidia, linux-nvidia-6.8, linux-nvidia-lowlatency vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7513-4 linux-hwe-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7515-1 linux-gke vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- USN-7513-5 linux-oracle-6.8 vulnerabilities Ubuntu Security Notices (USN) · Oct 30, 2026
- WID-SEC-2025-0945 Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen BSI CERT-Bund (WID) · Sep 17, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:20421-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:20413-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:20419-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:20408-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:02254-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:02000-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:02333-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:02307-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Mar 23, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:01964-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:02923-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- SUSE-SU-2025:01965-1 Security update for the Linux Kernel SUSE / openSUSE Security Updates · Feb 4, 2026
- ELSA-2025-20530 Important: Unbreakable Enterprise kernel security update (Oracle Linux 9) Oracle Linux Security Advisories (ELSA) · Aug 18, 2025
- ELSA-2025-20480 Important: Unbreakable Enterprise kernel security update (Oracle Linux 9) Oracle Linux Security Advisories (ELSA) · Jul 17, 2025