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High · 7.8 CVE-2025-22035 EUVD-2025-11251GHSA-jrxv-vv4v-jrrh

tracing: Fix use-after-free in print_graph_function_flags during tracer switching

Published Apr 16, 2025 · Updated Aug 5, 2026 · Assigned by Linux

Vendor: Linux Product: Linux Package: kernel Package: linux Package: linux Package: linux-allwinner-5.19 Package: linux-aws Package: linux-aws-5.0 Package: linux-aws-5.11 Package: linux-aws-5.13 Package: linux-aws-5.15 Package: linux-aws-5.19 Package: linux-aws-5.3 Package: linux-aws-5.4 Package: linux-aws-5.8 Package: linux-aws-6.2 Package: linux-aws-6.5 Package: linux-aws-6.8 Package: linux-aws-fips Package: linux-azure Package: linux-azure-5.11 Package: linux-azure-5.13 Package: linux-azure-5.15 Package: linux-azure-5.19 Package: linux-azure-5.3 Package: linux-azure-5.4 Package: linux-azure-5.8 Package: linux-azure-6.11 Package: linux-azure-6.2 Package: linux-azure-6.5 Package: linux-azure-6.8 Package: linux-azure-edge Package: linux-azure-fde Package: linux-azure-fde-5.19 Package: linux-azure-fde-6.2 Package: linux-azure-fips Package: linux-azure-nvidia Package: linux-bluefield Package: linux-fips Package: linux-gcp Package: linux-gcp-5.11 Package: linux-gcp-5.13 Package: linux-gcp-5.15 Package: linux-gcp-5.19 Package: linux-gcp-5.3 Package: linux-gcp-5.4 Package: linux-gcp-5.8 Package: linux-gcp-6.11 Package: linux-gcp-6.2 Package: linux-gcp-6.5 Package: linux-gcp-6.8 Package: linux-gcp-fips Package: linux-gke Package: linux-gke-4.15 Package: linux-gke-5.15 Package: linux-gke-5.4 Package: linux-gkeop Package: linux-gkeop-5.15 Package: linux-gkeop-5.4 Package: linux-hwe Package: linux-hwe-5.11 Package: linux-hwe-5.13 Package: linux-hwe-5.15 Package: linux-hwe-5.19 Package: linux-hwe-5.4 Package: linux-hwe-5.8 Package: linux-hwe-6.11 Package: linux-hwe-6.2 Package: linux-hwe-6.5 Package: linux-hwe-6.8 Package: linux-hwe-edge Package: linux-ibm Package: linux-ibm-5.15 Package: linux-ibm-5.4 Package: linux-ibm-6.8 Package: linux-intel Package: linux-intel-5.13 Package: linux-intel-iot-realtime Package: linux-intel-iotg Package: linux-intel-iotg-5.15 Package: linux-iot Package: linux-kvm Package: linux-lowlatency Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 Package: linux-nvidia Package: linux-nvidia-6.11 Package: linux-nvidia-6.2 Package: linux-nvidia-6.5 Package: linux-nvidia-6.8 Package: linux-nvidia-lowlatency Package: linux-nvidia-tegra Package: linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15 Package: linux-nvidia-tegra-igx Package: linux-oem Package: linux-oem-5.10 Package: linux-oem-5.13 Package: linux-oem-5.14 Package: linux-oem-5.17 Package: linux-oem-5.6 Package: linux-oem-6.0 Package: linux-oem-6.1 Package: linux-oem-6.11 Package: linux-oem-6.5 Package: linux-oem-6.8 Package: linux-oracle Package: linux-oracle-5.0 Package: linux-oracle-5.11 Package: linux-oracle-5.13 Package: linux-oracle-5.15 Package: linux-oracle-5.3 Package: linux-oracle-5.4 Package: linux-oracle-5.8 Package: linux-oracle-6.5 Package: linux-oracle-6.8 Package: linux-raspi Package: linux-raspi-5.4 Package: linux-raspi-realtime Package: linux-raspi2 Package: linux-realtime Package: linux-realtime-6.8 Package: linux-riscv Package: linux-riscv-5.11 Package: linux-riscv-5.15 Package: linux-riscv-5.19 Package: linux-riscv-5.8 Package: linux-riscv-6.5 Package: linux-riscv-6.8 Package: linux-starfive-5.19 Package: linux-starfive-6.2 Package: linux-starfive-6.5 Package: linux-vmware Package: linux-xilinx Package: linux-xilinx-zynqmp Platform: Linux Ecosystem: Azure Linux Ecosystem: Debian Ecosystem: Ubuntu

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

tracing: Fix use-after-free in print_graph_function_flags during tracer switching

Kairui reported a UAF issue in print_graph_function_flags() during
ftrace stress testing [1]. This issue can be reproduced if puting a
'mdelay(10)' after 'mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock)' in s_start(),
and executing the following script:

$ echo function_graph > current_tracer
$ cat trace > /dev/null &
$ sleep 5 # Ensure the 'cat' reaches the 'mdelay(10)' point
$ echo timerlat > current_tracer

The root cause lies in the two calls to print_graph_function_flags
within print_trace_line during each s_show():

* One through 'iter->trace->print_line()';
* Another through 'event->funcs->trace()', which is hidden in
print_trace_fmt() before print_trace_line returns.

Tracer switching only updates the former, while the latter continues
to use the print_line function of the old tracer, which in the script
above is print_graph_function_flags.

Moreover, when switching from the 'function_graph' tracer to the
'timerlat' tracer, s_start only calls graph_trace_close of the
'function_graph' tracer to free 'iter->private', but does not set
it to NULL. This provides an opportunity for 'event->funcs->trace()'
to use an invalid 'iter->private'.

To fix this issue, set 'iter->private' to NULL immediately after
freeing it in graph_trace_close(), ensuring that an invalid pointer
is not passed to other tracers. Additionally, clean up the unnecessary
'iter->private = NULL' during each 'cat trace' when using wakeup and
irqsoff tracers.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20231112150030.84609-1-ryncsn@gmail.com/

Affected products

VendorProductAffectedFixed
Linux Linux 5.4.255 – < 5.4.292, 5.10.193 – < 5.10.236, 5.15.129 – < 5.15.180, 6.1.50 – < 6.1.134, 4.14.324 – < 4.15, 4.19.293 – < 4.20, 6.4.13 – < 6.5, 6.5 5.4.292

Fixed in Linux distributions

Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian 14 linux 6.12.25-1 —
Debian 13 linux 6.12.25-1 —
Debian 12 linux 6.1.135-1 DSA-5907-1
Debian 11 linux 5.10.237-1 DLA-4178-1
Debian 11 linux-6.1 6.1.137-1~deb11u1 DLA-4193-1
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 24.04 LTS linux-bluefield 6.8.0-1012.16 —
Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 22.04 LTS linux-bluefield 5.15.0-1069.71 —
Ubuntu 25.10 linux-azure-fde No fix yet —
Ubuntu 25.04 linux 6.14.0-22.22 USN-7594-1
Ubuntu 25.04 linux-aws +3 6.14.0-1007.7 USN-7594-3, USN-7594-2, USN-7594-1
Ubuntu 25.04 linux-gcp 6.14.0-1008.8 USN-7594-1
Ubuntu 25.04 linux-realtime 6.14.0-1004.4 USN-7594-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux 6.8.0-86.87 USN-7835-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-aws 6.8.0-1041.43 USN-7835-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-azure 6.8.0-1041.47 USN-7835-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-azure-6.11 6.11.0-1018.18~24.04.1 USN-7628-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-azure-nvidia 6.8.0-1029.32 USN-7940-2
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gcp 6.8.0-1042.45 USN-7835-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gcp-6.11 6.11.0-1016.16~24.04.1 USN-7605-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gke 6.8.0-1038.43 USN-7835-3
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gkeop 6.8.0-1025.28 USN-7835-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-hwe-6.11 6.11.0-28.28~24.04.1 USN-7605-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-ibm 6.8.0-1039.39 USN-7835-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-intel +4 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-lowlatency 6.8.0-86.87.1 USN-7835-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11 6.11.0-1015.16~24.04.2 USN-7605-2
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia 6.8.0-1041.44 USN-7835-3
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia-6.11 6.11.0-1012.12 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia-lowlatency 6.8.0-1041.44.1 USN-7835-3
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia-tegra 6.8.0-1012.12 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-oem-6.11 6.11.0-1024.24 USN-7606-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-oracle 6.8.0-1038.39 USN-7835-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-raspi 6.8.0-1041.45 USN-7887-2
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-xilinx 6.8.0-1018.19 —
Show 12 more (older releases, extended support, other products)
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux +1 5.15.0-142.152 USN-7591-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-aws 5.15.0-1086.93 USN-7591-4
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-aws-6.8 6.8.0-1041.43~22.04.1 USN-7835-6
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-azure 5.15.0-1091.100 USN-7597-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-azure-6.8 6.8.0-1041.47~22.04.1 USN-7835-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-azure-fde 5.15.0-1091.100.1 —
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-gcp 5.15.0-1085.94 USN-7591-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-gcp-6.8 6.8.0-1042.45~22.04.1 USN-7835-3
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-gke +1 5.15.0-1083.89 USN-7591-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-gkeop 5.15.0-1068.76 USN-7591-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-hwe-6.8 +1 6.8.0-86.87~22.04.1 USN-7835-4
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-ibm 5.15.0-1078.81 USN-7591-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-ibm-6.8 6.8.0-1039.39~22.04.1 USN-7835-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-intel-iotg 5.15.0-1081.87 USN-7591-5
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-kvm 5.15.0-1082.87 USN-7591-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 6.8.0-86.87.1~22.04.1 USN-7835-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-nvidia 5.15.0-1080.81 USN-7591-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-nvidia-6.8 6.8.0-1041.44~22.04.2 USN-7835-3
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-nvidia-tegra 5.15.0-1039.39 USN-7591-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-nvidia-tegra-igx 5.15.0-1028.28 USN-7591-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-oracle-6.8 6.8.0-1038.39~22.04.1 USN-7835-5
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-raspi 5.15.0-1080.83 USN-7591-6
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-riscv +32 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-xilinx-zynqmp 5.15.0-1050.54 USN-7602-1
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS linux-gke +28 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 18.04 LTS linux-gcp +14 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS linux-hwe-edge No fix yet —
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS linux-raspi-realtime 6.8.0-2032.33 USN-7887-1
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS linux-realtime 6.8.1-1036.37 USN-7835-2
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS linux-intel-iot-realtime 5.15.0-1079.81 USN-7591-3
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS linux-realtime 5.15.0-1086.95 USN-7591-3
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS linux-realtime-6.8 6.8.1-1036.37~22.04.1 USN-7835-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-aws-fips 6.8.0-1041.43+fips1 —
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-azure-fips 6.8.0-1044.50+fips1 USN-7940-1
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-fips 6.8.0-86.87+fips1 —
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-gcp-fips 6.8.0-1042.45+fips1 —
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS linux-aws-fips 5.15.0-1086.93+fips1 USN-7591-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS linux-azure-fips 5.15.0-1091.100+fips1 USN-7597-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS linux-fips 5.15.0-142.152+fips1 USN-7591-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS linux-gcp-fips 5.15.0-1085.94+fips1 USN-7591-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS linux-aws-fips 5.4.0-1147.157+fips1 USN-7585-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS linux-azure-fips 5.4.0-1153.160+fips1 USN-7585-3
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS linux-fips 5.4.0-1121.131 USN-7585-3
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS linux-gcp-fips 5.4.0-1150.159+fips1 USN-7585-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-preview 22.04 LTS linux-aws-fips +2 No fix yet —
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux 5.4.0-218.238 USN-7585-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-aws 5.4.0-1147.157 USN-7585-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-aws-5.15 5.15.0-1086.93~20.04.1 USN-7592-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-azure 5.4.0-1152.159 USN-7585-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-azure-5.15 5.15.0-1091.100~20.04.1 USN-7598-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-bluefield 5.4.0-1106.113 USN-7585-6
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-gcp 5.4.0-1150.159 USN-7585-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-gcp-5.15 5.15.0-1085.94~20.04.1 USN-7592-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-hwe-5.15 +1 5.15.0-142.152~20.04.1 USN-7593-1, USN-7592-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-ibm 5.4.0-1093.98 USN-7585-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-ibm-5.15 5.15.0-1078.81~20.04.1 USN-7592-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-iot 5.4.0-1051.54 USN-7640-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-kvm 5.4.0-1134.143 USN-7585-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15 5.15.0-1039.39~20.04.1 —
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-oracle 5.4.0-1145.155 USN-7585-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-oracle-5.15 +1 5.15.0-1083.89~20.04.1 USN-7655-1, USN-7592-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-raspi 5.4.0-1130.143 USN-7585-7
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-riscv-5.15 5.15.0-1081.85~20.04.1 —
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-xilinx-zynqmp 5.4.0-1065.69 USN-7585-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-aws-5.4 5.4.0-1147.157~18.04.1 USN-7585-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-azure-5.4 5.4.0-1152.159~18.04.1 USN-7585-4
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-gcp-5.4 5.4.0-1150.159~18.04.1 USN-7585-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-hwe-5.4 5.4.0-218.238~18.04.1 USN-7585-5
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-ibm-5.4 5.4.0-1093.98~18.04.1 USN-7585-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-oracle-5.4 5.4.0-1145.155~18.04.1 USN-7585-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-raspi-5.4 5.4.0-1130.143~18.04.1 USN-7585-7
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
SLES 15 SP7 kernel-64kb +6 6.4.0-150700.53.6.1 SUSE-SU-2025:02307-1
SLES 15 SP7 kernel-azure +2 6.4.0-150700.20.6.1 SUSE-SU-2025:02254-1
SLES 15 SP7 kernel-default-base 6.4.0-150700.53.6.1.150700.17.6.1 SUSE-SU-2025:02307-1
SLES 15 SP6 kernel-64kb +3 6.4.0-150600.23.60.4 SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1
SLES 15 SP6 kernel-azure +2 6.4.0-150600.8.43.1 SUSE-SU-2025:02249-1
SLES 15 SP6 kernel-coco +3 6.4.0-15061.28.coco15sp6.1 SUSE-SU-2025:02923-1
SLES 15 SP6 kernel-default 6.4.0-150600.23.60.5 SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1
SLES 15 SP6 kernel-default-base 6.4.0-150600.23.60.5.150600.12.26.4 SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1
SLES 15 SP6 kernel-docs +1 6.4.0-150600.23.60.3 SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1
SLES 12 SP5 kernel-syms +2 4.12.14-122.266.1 SUSE-SU-2025:02334-1
Show 7 more (older releases, extended support, other products)
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
SLE Micro 6.1 kernel-default-base 6.4.0-31.1.21.9 SUSE-SU-2025:20475-1
SLE Micro 6.1 kernel-rt +1 6.4.0-34.1 SUSE-SU-2025:20483-1
SLE Micro 6.1 kernel-source +2 6.4.0-31.1 SUSE-SU-2025:20475-1
SLE Micro 6.0 kernel-default-base 6.4.0-31.1.21.9 SUSE-SU-2025:20493-1
SLE Micro 6.0 kernel-rt +1 6.4.0-34.1 SUSE-SU-2025:20498-1
SLE Micro 6.0 kernel-source +2 6.4.0-31.1 SUSE-SU-2025:20493-1
SLE Live Patching 15 SP7 kernel-default 6.4.0-150700.53.6.1 SUSE-SU-2025:02307-1
SLE Live Patching 15 SP7 kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_2 1-150700.1.5.1 SUSE-SU-2025:02333-1
SLE Live Patching 15 SP7 kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_2 1-150700.15.3.1 SUSE-SU-2025:02307-1
SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 kernel-default 6.4.0-150600.23.60.5 SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1
SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_13 1-150600.1.5.1 SUSE-SU-2025:02335-1
SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_13 1-150600.13.6.4 SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1
SLE Live Patching 12 SP5 kernel-default 4.12.14-122.266.1 SUSE-SU-2025:02334-1
SLE Live Patching 12 SP5 kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_70 1-8.5.1 SUSE-SU-2025:02334-1
SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP7 kernel-rt +2 6.4.0-150700.7.8.1 SUSE-SU-2025:02333-1
SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP6 kernel-rt +3 6.4.0-150600.10.44.1 SUSE-SU-2025:02335-1
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
openSUSE Leap 15.6 dtb-aarch64 +2 6.4.0-150600.23.60.3 SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1
openSUSE Leap 15.6 kernel-64kb +5 6.4.0-150600.23.60.4 SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1
openSUSE Leap 15.6 kernel-azure +2 6.4.0-150600.8.43.1 SUSE-SU-2025:02249-1
openSUSE Leap 15.6 kernel-default 6.4.0-150600.23.60.5 SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1
openSUSE Leap 15.6 kernel-default-base 6.4.0-150600.23.60.5.150600.12.26.4 SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1
openSUSE Leap 15.6 kernel-obs-qa 6.4.0-150600.23.60.2 SUSE-SU-2025:02538-1
openSUSE Leap 15.6 kernel-rt +3 6.4.0-150600.10.44.1 SUSE-SU-2025:02335-1

Amazon Linux

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Amazon Linux 2023 kernel-livepatch-6.12.23-29.97 +1 1.0-0.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-948, ALAS2023-2025-947
Amazon Linux 2023 perf +14 6.1.134-150.224.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-948, ALAS2023-2025-947
Amazon Linux 2023 perf6.12 +5 6.12.23-29.97.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-948

Azure Linux

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Azure Linux 3 kernel 6.6.92.2-1 —

Oracle Linux

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Oracle Linux 9 kernel-uek +34 6.12.0-101.33.4.3.el10uek ELSA-2025-20530, ELSA-2025-20480
Oracle Linux 7 kernel-uek +6 5.4.17-2136.344.4.1.el8uek ELSA-2025-20372
Oracle Linux 7 kernel-uek-tools 5.4.17-2136.344.4.1.el7uek ELSA-2025-20372

Advisories 50

References