Description
Espressif ESP32 chips allow 29 hidden HCI commands, such as 0xFC02 (Write memory).
Affected products
| Vendor | Product | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Espressif | ESP32 | 2025-03-06 | — |
Public exploits
Exploit or proof-of-concept code for this vulnerability is publicly available, which lowers the bar for attackers. Treat it as a reason to patch sooner.
GitHub 4 repositories
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demining/Bluetooth-Attacks-CVE-2025-27840 ★ 13 · Mar 30, 2025
Bitcoin Cryptanalysis: CVE-2025-27840 Vulnerability in ESP32 Microcontrollers Puts Billions of IoT Devices at Risk via Wi-Fi & Bluetooth
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em0gi/CVE-2025-27840 ★ 11 · Mar 9, 2025
Expanded version of the code shown at RootedCON redone in python - CVE-2025-27840
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JasonW88/esp32-cve-2025-27840-power-trace-experiment ★ 0 · Aug 5, 2026
Firmware for getting a power trace of the behavior of the bluetooth module on the ESP32 when the ESP32 is sent the undocumented hci bluetooth commands (CVE-2025-27840). Uses ESP-IDF v5.0.8 and v5.0.9.
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h4r-m0n1e/CVE-2025-27840-WIP ★ 0 · Apr 8, 2025
A Work-In-Progress for CVE-2025-27840
Sources: PoC-in-GitHub, Metasploit Framework, Exploit-DB — updated daily. Only links are listed; no exploit code is hosted here.
References
- https://github.com/TarlogicSecurity/Talks/blob/main/2025_RootedCon_BluetoothTools.pdf
- https://x.com/pascal_gujer/status/1898442439704158276
- https://www.tarlogic.com/news/backdoor-esp32-chip-infect-ot-devices/
- https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/undocumented-backdoor-found-in-bluetooth-chip-used-by-a-billion-devices/
- https://reg.rootedcon.com/cfp/schedule/talk/5
- https://flyingpenguin.com/?p=67838
- https://github.com/em0gi/CVE-2025-27840
- https://github.com/orgs/espruino/discussions/7699
- https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/undocumented-commands-found-in-bluetooth-chip-used-by-a-billion-devices/
- https://darkmentor.com/blog/esp32_non-backdoor/
- https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43308740
- https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43301369
- https://github.com/esphome/esphome/discussions/8382
- https://cheriot.org/auditing/backdoor/2025/03/09/no-esp32-style-backdoor.html
- https://www.espressif.com/en/news/Response_ESP32_Bluetooth