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OpenAdvisories
High · 7.8 CVE-2025-37838 EUVD-2025-11838GHSA-m8p9-q552-5h79

HSI: ssi_protocol: Fix use after free vulnerability in ssi_protocol Driver Due to Race Condition

Published Apr 18, 2025 · Updated Aug 5, 2026 · Assigned by Linux

Vendor: Linux Product: Linux Package: linux Package: linux Package: linux-allwinner-5.19 Package: linux-aws Package: linux-aws-5.0 Package: linux-aws-5.11 Package: linux-aws-5.13 Package: linux-aws-5.15 Package: linux-aws-5.19 Package: linux-aws-5.3 Package: linux-aws-5.4 Package: linux-aws-5.8 Package: linux-aws-6.2 Package: linux-aws-6.5 Package: linux-aws-6.8 Package: linux-aws-fips Package: linux-aws-hwe Package: linux-azure Package: linux-azure-4.15 Package: linux-azure-5.11 Package: linux-azure-5.13 Package: linux-azure-5.15 Package: linux-azure-5.19 Package: linux-azure-5.3 Package: linux-azure-5.4 Package: linux-azure-5.8 Package: linux-azure-6.11 Package: linux-azure-6.2 Package: linux-azure-6.5 Package: linux-azure-6.8 Package: linux-azure-edge Package: linux-azure-fde Package: linux-azure-fde-5.19 Package: linux-azure-fde-6.2 Package: linux-azure-fde-6.8 Package: linux-azure-fips Package: linux-azure-nvidia Package: linux-bluefield Package: linux-fips Package: linux-gcp Package: linux-gcp-4.15 Package: linux-gcp-5.11 Package: linux-gcp-5.13 Package: linux-gcp-5.15 Package: linux-gcp-5.19 Package: linux-gcp-5.3 Package: linux-gcp-5.4 Package: linux-gcp-5.8 Package: linux-gcp-6.11 Package: linux-gcp-6.2 Package: linux-gcp-6.5 Package: linux-gcp-6.8 Package: linux-gcp-fips Package: linux-gke Package: linux-gke-4.15 Package: linux-gke-5.15 Package: linux-gke-5.4 Package: linux-gkeop Package: linux-gkeop-5.15 Package: linux-gkeop-5.4 Package: linux-hwe Package: linux-hwe-5.11 Package: linux-hwe-5.13 Package: linux-hwe-5.15 Package: linux-hwe-5.19 Package: linux-hwe-5.4 Package: linux-hwe-5.8 Package: linux-hwe-6.11 Package: linux-hwe-6.2 Package: linux-hwe-6.5 Package: linux-hwe-6.8 Package: linux-hwe-edge Package: linux-ibm Package: linux-ibm-5.15 Package: linux-ibm-5.4 Package: linux-ibm-6.8 Package: linux-intel Package: linux-intel-5.13 Package: linux-intel-iot-realtime Package: linux-intel-iotg Package: linux-intel-iotg-5.15 Package: linux-iot Package: linux-kvm Package: linux-lowlatency Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 Package: linux-nvidia Package: linux-nvidia-6.11 Package: linux-nvidia-6.2 Package: linux-nvidia-6.5 Package: linux-nvidia-6.8 Package: linux-nvidia-lowlatency Package: linux-nvidia-tegra Package: linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15 Package: linux-nvidia-tegra-igx Package: linux-oem Package: linux-oem-5.10 Package: linux-oem-5.13 Package: linux-oem-5.14 Package: linux-oem-5.17 Package: linux-oem-5.6 Package: linux-oem-6.0 Package: linux-oem-6.1 Package: linux-oem-6.11 Package: linux-oem-6.5 Package: linux-oem-6.8 Package: linux-oracle Package: linux-oracle-5.0 Package: linux-oracle-5.11 Package: linux-oracle-5.13 Package: linux-oracle-5.15 Package: linux-oracle-5.3 Package: linux-oracle-5.4 Package: linux-oracle-5.8 Package: linux-oracle-6.5 Package: linux-oracle-6.8 Package: linux-raspi Package: linux-raspi-5.4 Package: linux-raspi-realtime Package: linux-raspi2 Package: linux-realtime Package: linux-realtime-6.8 Package: linux-riscv Package: linux-riscv-5.11 Package: linux-riscv-5.15 Package: linux-riscv-5.19 Package: linux-riscv-5.8 Package: linux-riscv-6.5 Package: linux-riscv-6.8 Package: linux-starfive-5.19 Package: linux-starfive-6.2 Package: linux-starfive-6.5 Package: linux-vmware Package: linux-xilinx Package: linux-xilinx-zynqmp Platform: Linux Ecosystem: Debian Ecosystem: Ubuntu

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

HSI: ssi_protocol: Fix use after free vulnerability in ssi_protocol Driver Due to Race Condition

In the ssi_protocol_probe() function, &ssi->work is bound with
ssip_xmit_work(), In ssip_pn_setup(), the ssip_pn_xmit() function
within the ssip_pn_ops structure is capable of starting the
work.

If we remove the module which will call ssi_protocol_remove()
to make a cleanup, it will free ssi through kfree(ssi),
while the work mentioned above will be used. The sequence
of operations that may lead to a UAF bug is as follows:

CPU0 CPU1

| ssip_xmit_work
ssi_protocol_remove |
kfree(ssi); |
| struct hsi_client *cl = ssi->cl;
| // use ssi

Fix it by ensuring that the work is canceled before proceeding
with the cleanup in ssi_protocol_remove().

Affected products

VendorProductAffectedFixed
Linux Linux 4.8 5.4.293

Fixed in Linux distributions

Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian 14 linux 6.12.25-1 —
Debian 13 linux 6.12.25-1 —
Debian 12 linux 6.1.135-1 DSA-5907-1
Debian 11 linux 5.10.237-1 DLA-4178-1
Debian 11 linux-6.1 6.1.137-1~deb11u1 DLA-4193-1
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 24.04 LTS linux-bluefield 6.8.0-1013.17 —
Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 22.04 LTS linux-bluefield 5.15.0-1072.74 —
Ubuntu 25.10 linux-azure-fde No fix yet —
Ubuntu 25.04 linux 6.14.0-22.22 USN-7594-1
Ubuntu 25.04 linux-aws +3 6.14.0-1007.7 USN-7594-3, USN-7594-2, USN-7594-1
Ubuntu 25.04 linux-gcp 6.14.0-1008.8 USN-7594-1
Ubuntu 25.04 linux-realtime 6.14.0-1004.4 USN-7594-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux 6.8.0-87.88 USN-7861-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-aws 6.8.0-1042.44 USN-7861-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-azure 6.8.0-1044.50 USN-7935-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-azure-fde 6.8.0-1046.53 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-azure-nvidia 6.8.0-1029.32 USN-7940-2
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gcp 6.8.0-1043.46 USN-7864-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gke 6.8.0-1039.44 USN-7864-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gkeop 6.8.0-1026.29 USN-7861-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-ibm 6.8.0-1040.40 USN-7861-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-intel +10 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-lowlatency 6.8.0-87.88.1 USN-7861-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia 6.8.0-1042.45 USN-7861-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia-lowlatency 6.8.0-1042.45.1 USN-7861-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia-tegra 6.8.0-1012.12 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-oracle 6.8.0-1039.40 USN-7861-3
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-raspi 6.8.0-1042.46 USN-7861-5
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-xilinx 6.8.0-1019.20 USN-7861-5
Show 18 more (older releases, extended support, other products)
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux +1 5.15.0-144.157 USN-7654-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-aws 5.15.0-1088.95 USN-7654-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-aws-6.8 6.8.0-1042.44~22.04.1 USN-7861-4
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-azure 5.15.0-1094.103 USN-7711-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-azure-6.8 6.8.0-1044.50~22.04.1 USN-7935-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-azure-fde 5.15.0-1094.103.1 —
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-azure-fde-6.8 6.8.0-1046.53~22.04.1 —
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-gcp 5.15.0-1087.96 USN-7654-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-gcp-6.8 6.8.0-1043.46~22.04.1 USN-7864-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-gke +1 5.15.0-1085.91 USN-7654-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-gkeop 5.15.0-1070.78 USN-7654-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-hwe-6.8 +1 6.8.0-87.88~22.04.1 USN-7861-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-ibm 5.15.0-1080.83 USN-7654-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-ibm-6.8 6.8.0-1040.40~22.04.1 USN-7861-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-intel-iotg 5.15.0-1083.89 USN-7654-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-kvm 5.15.0-1084.89 USN-7654-4
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 6.8.0-87.88.1~22.04.1 USN-7861-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-nvidia 5.15.0-1082.83 USN-7654-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-nvidia-6.8 6.8.0-1042.45~22.04.1 USN-7861-3
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-nvidia-tegra 5.15.0-1041.41 USN-7654-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-nvidia-tegra-igx 5.15.0-1030.30 USN-7654-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-oracle-6.8 6.8.0-1039.40~22.04.1 USN-7861-3
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-raspi 5.15.0-1083.86 USN-7686-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-riscv +32 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-xilinx-zynqmp 5.15.0-1052.56 USN-7654-5
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS linux-gke +28 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 18.04 LTS linux-gcp +14 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS linux-hwe-edge No fix yet —
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS linux-raspi-realtime 6.8.0-2033.34 USN-7861-5
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS linux-realtime 6.8.1-1037.38 USN-7861-2
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS linux-intel-iot-realtime 5.15.0-1081.83 USN-7654-2
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS linux-realtime 5.15.0-1088.97 USN-7654-2
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS linux-realtime-6.8 6.8.1-1037.38~22.04.1 USN-7861-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS 20.04 LTS linux-fips +3 No fix yet —
Ubuntu Pro FIPS 18.04 LTS linux-fips +3 No fix yet —
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-aws-fips 6.8.0-1042.44+fips1 —
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-azure-fips 6.8.0-1044.50+fips1 USN-7940-1
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-fips 6.8.0-87.88+fips1 —
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-gcp-fips 6.8.0-1043.46+fips1 —
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS linux-aws-fips 5.15.0-1088.95+fips1 USN-7654-3
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS linux-azure-fips 5.15.0-1094.103+fips1 USN-7712-1
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS linux-fips 5.15.0-144.157+fips1 USN-7654-3
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS linux-gcp-fips 5.15.0-1087.96+fips1 USN-7654-3
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS linux-aws-fips 5.4.0-1152.162+fips1 USN-7874-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS linux-azure-fips 5.4.0-1157.164+fips1 USN-7939-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS linux-fips 5.4.0-1126.136 USN-7874-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 20.04 LTS linux-gcp-fips 5.4.0-1155.164+fips1 USN-7874-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 18.04 LTS linux-aws-fips 4.15.0-2124.130 USN-7853-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 18.04 LTS linux-azure-fips 4.15.0-2104.110 USN-7937-1
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 18.04 LTS linux-fips 4.15.0-1141.153 USN-7853-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 18.04 LTS linux-gcp-fips 4.15.0-2087.93 USN-7853-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 16.04 LTS linux-fips 4.4.0-1119.126 USN-7865-1
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-preview 22.04 LTS linux-fips +3 No fix yet —
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux 5.4.0-223.243 USN-7874-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-aws 5.4.0-1152.162 USN-7874-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-aws-5.15 5.15.0-1088.95~20.04.1 USN-7654-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-azure 5.4.0-1156.163 USN-7939-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-azure-5.15 5.15.0-1094.103~20.04.1 USN-7712-2
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-bluefield 5.4.0-1111.118 —
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-gcp 5.4.0-1155.164 USN-7874-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-gcp-5.15 5.15.0-1087.96~20.04.2 USN-7654-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-hwe-5.15 +1 5.15.0-144.157~20.04.1 USN-7654-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-ibm 5.4.0-1098.103 USN-7874-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-ibm-5.15 5.15.0-1080.83~20.04.1 USN-7654-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-intel-iotg-5.15 5.15.0-1083.89~20.04.1 USN-7655-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-iot 5.4.0-1056.59 USN-7874-3
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-kvm 5.4.0-1139.148 USN-7874-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15 5.15.0-1041.41~20.04.1 USN-7654-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-oracle 5.4.0-1150.160 USN-7874-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-oracle-5.15 5.15.0-1085.91~20.04.3 USN-7654-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-raspi 5.4.0-1135.148 USN-7874-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-riscv-5.15 5.15.0-1083.87~20.04.1 —
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-xilinx-zynqmp 5.4.0-1070.74 USN-7874-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux 4.15.0-243.255 USN-7853-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-aws 4.15.0-1186.199 USN-7853-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-aws-5.4 5.4.0-1152.162~18.04.1 USN-7874-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-azure-4.15 4.15.0-1194.209 USN-7853-3
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-azure-5.4 5.4.0-1156.163~18.04.1 USN-7939-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-gcp-4.15 4.15.0-1179.196 USN-7853-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-gcp-5.4 5.4.0-1155.164~18.04.1 USN-7874-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-hwe-5.4 5.4.0-223.243~18.04.1 USN-7874-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-ibm-5.4 5.4.0-1098.103~18.04.1 USN-7874-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-kvm 4.15.0-1168.173 USN-7854-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-oracle 4.15.0-1148.159 USN-7853-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-oracle-5.4 5.4.0-1150.160~18.04.1 USN-7874-1
Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS linux-raspi-5.4 5.4.0-1135.148~18.04.1 USN-7874-1
Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS linux 4.4.0-274.308 USN-7863-1
Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS linux-aws 4.4.0-1187.202 USN-7863-1
Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS linux-aws-hwe 4.15.0-1186.199~16.04.1 USN-7853-1
Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS linux-azure 4.15.0-1194.209~16.04.1 USN-7853-3
Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS linux-gcp 4.15.0-1179.196~16.04.1 USN-7853-1
Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS linux-hwe 4.15.0-243.255~16.04.1 USN-7853-1
Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS linux-kvm 4.4.0-1150.161 USN-7863-1
Ubuntu Pro 16.04 LTS linux-oracle 4.15.0-1148.159~16.04.1 USN-7875-1
Ubuntu Pro 14.04 LTS linux-aws 4.4.0-1149.155 USN-7863-1
Ubuntu Pro 14.04 LTS linux-azure 4.15.0-1194.209~14.04.1 USN-7853-3
Ubuntu Pro 14.04 LTS linux-lts-xenial 4.4.0-274.308~14.04.1 USN-7863-1

Oracle Linux

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Oracle Linux 9 kernel-uek +34 6.12.0-101.33.4.3.el10uek ELSA-2025-20530, ELSA-2025-20480
Oracle Linux 8 bpftool +18 5.15.0-310.184.5.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20470
Oracle Linux 7 kernel-uek +6 5.4.17-2136.345.5.3.el8uek ELSA-2025-20471
Oracle Linux 7 kernel-uek-tools 5.4.17-2136.345.5.3.el7uek ELSA-2025-20471

Advisories 43

References