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OpenAdvisories
Unscored CVE-2025-40120 EUVD-2025-124963GHSA-3wr8-h4v3-7726

net: usb: asix: hold PM usage ref to avoid PM/MDIO + RTNL deadlock

Published Nov 12, 2025 · Updated May 11, 2026 · Assigned by Linux

Vendor: Linux Product: Linux Package: linux Package: linux Package: linux-allwinner-5.19 Package: linux-aws Package: linux-aws-5.0 Package: linux-aws-5.11 Package: linux-aws-5.13 Package: linux-aws-5.15 Package: linux-aws-5.19 Package: linux-aws-5.3 Package: linux-aws-5.8 Package: linux-aws-6.14 Package: linux-aws-6.17 Package: linux-aws-6.2 Package: linux-aws-6.5 Package: linux-aws-6.8 Package: linux-aws-fips Package: linux-azure Package: linux-azure-5.11 Package: linux-azure-5.13 Package: linux-azure-5.15 Package: linux-azure-5.19 Package: linux-azure-5.3 Package: linux-azure-5.8 Package: linux-azure-6.11 Package: linux-azure-6.14 Package: linux-azure-6.2 Package: linux-azure-6.5 Package: linux-azure-6.8 Package: linux-azure-edge Package: linux-azure-fde Package: linux-azure-fde-5.19 Package: linux-azure-fde-6.14 Package: linux-azure-fde-6.2 Package: linux-azure-fde-6.8 Package: linux-azure-fips Package: linux-azure-nvidia Package: linux-azure-nvidia-6.14 Package: linux-bluefield Package: linux-fips Package: linux-gcp Package: linux-gcp-5.11 Package: linux-gcp-5.13 Package: linux-gcp-5.15 Package: linux-gcp-5.19 Package: linux-gcp-5.3 Package: linux-gcp-5.8 Package: linux-gcp-6.11 Package: linux-gcp-6.14 Package: linux-gcp-6.17 Package: linux-gcp-6.2 Package: linux-gcp-6.5 Package: linux-gcp-6.8 Package: linux-gcp-fips Package: linux-gke Package: linux-gke-4.15 Package: linux-gke-5.15 Package: linux-gke-5.4 Package: linux-gkeop Package: linux-gkeop-5.15 Package: linux-gkeop-5.4 Package: linux-hwe Package: linux-hwe-5.11 Package: linux-hwe-5.13 Package: linux-hwe-5.15 Package: linux-hwe-5.19 Package: linux-hwe-5.8 Package: linux-hwe-6.11 Package: linux-hwe-6.14 Package: linux-hwe-6.2 Package: linux-hwe-6.5 Package: linux-hwe-6.8 Package: linux-hwe-edge Package: linux-ibm Package: linux-ibm-5.15 Package: linux-ibm-6.8 Package: linux-intel-5.13 Package: linux-intel-iot-realtime Package: linux-intel-iotg Package: linux-intel-iotg-5.15 Package: linux-kvm Package: linux-lowlatency Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5 Package: linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 Package: linux-nvidia Package: linux-nvidia-6.11 Package: linux-nvidia-6.17 Package: linux-nvidia-6.2 Package: linux-nvidia-6.5 Package: linux-nvidia-6.8 Package: linux-nvidia-lowlatency Package: linux-nvidia-tegra Package: linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15 Package: linux-nvidia-tegra-igx Package: linux-oem Package: linux-oem-5.10 Package: linux-oem-5.13 Package: linux-oem-5.14 Package: linux-oem-5.17 Package: linux-oem-5.6 Package: linux-oem-6.0 Package: linux-oem-6.1 Package: linux-oem-6.11 Package: linux-oem-6.14 Package: linux-oem-6.17 Package: linux-oem-6.5 Package: linux-oem-6.8 Package: linux-oracle Package: linux-oracle-5.0 Package: linux-oracle-5.11 Package: linux-oracle-5.13 Package: linux-oracle-5.15 Package: linux-oracle-5.3 Package: linux-oracle-5.8 Package: linux-oracle-6.14 Package: linux-oracle-6.17 Package: linux-oracle-6.5 Package: linux-oracle-6.8 Package: linux-raspi Package: linux-raspi-realtime Package: linux-raspi2 Package: linux-realtime Package: linux-realtime-6.14 Package: linux-realtime-6.17 Package: linux-realtime-6.8 Package: linux-riscv Package: linux-riscv-5.11 Package: linux-riscv-5.15 Package: linux-riscv-5.19 Package: linux-riscv-5.8 Package: linux-riscv-6.14 Package: linux-riscv-6.5 Package: linux-riscv-6.8 Package: linux-starfive-5.19 Package: linux-starfive-6.2 Package: linux-starfive-6.5 Package: linux-vmware Package: linux-xilinx Package: linux-xilinx-zynqmp Platform: Linux Ecosystem: Debian Ecosystem: Ubuntu

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: usb: asix: hold PM usage ref to avoid PM/MDIO + RTNL deadlock

Prevent USB runtime PM (autosuspend) for AX88772* in bind.

usbnet enables runtime PM (autosuspend) by default, so disabling it via
the usb_driver flag is ineffective. On AX88772B, autosuspend shows no
measurable power saving with current driver (no link partner, admin
up/down). The ~0.453 W -> ~0.248 W drop on v6.1 comes from phylib powering
the PHY off on admin-down, not from USB autosuspend.

The real hazard is that with runtime PM enabled, ndo_open() (under RTNL)
may synchronously trigger autoresume (usb_autopm_get_interface()) into
asix_resume() while the USB PM lock is held. Resume paths then invoke
phylink/phylib and MDIO, which also expect RTNL, leading to possible
deadlocks or PM lock vs MDIO wake issues.

To avoid this, keep the device runtime-PM active by taking a usage
reference in ax88772_bind() and dropping it in unbind(). A non-zero PM
usage count blocks runtime suspend regardless of userspace policy
(.../power/control - pm_runtime_allow/forbid), making this approach
robust against sysfs overrides.

Holding a runtime-PM usage ref does not affect system-wide suspend;
system sleep/resume callbacks continue to run as before.

Affected products

VendorProductAffectedFixed
Linux Linux 5.14 5.15.195

Fixed in Linux distributions

Distributions backport fixes, so the version that fixes this vulnerability differs per release — upgrade to at least the version shown. From the distributions' security trackers and advisories.

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian 14 linux 6.17.6-1 —
Debian 13 linux 6.12.57-1 —
Debian 12 linux 6.1.158-1 —
Debian 11 linux-6.1 6.1.158-1~deb11u1 DLA-4379-1
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 24.04 LTS linux-bluefield 6.8.0-1017.21 —
Ubuntu Nvidia-BlueField 22.04 LTS linux-bluefield 5.15.0-1084.86 —
Ubuntu 25.10 linux 6.17.0-14.14 USN-8029-1
Ubuntu 25.10 linux-aws +2 6.17.0-1007.7 USN-8030-1, USN-8029-2
Ubuntu 25.10 linux-azure +1 6.17.0-1008.8 USN-8029-3, USN-8029-1
Ubuntu 25.10 linux-azure-fde No fix yet —
Ubuntu 25.10 linux-realtime 6.17.0-1006.7 USN-8029-1
Ubuntu 25.10 linux-riscv 6.17.0-14.14.1 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux 6.8.0-106.106 USN-8095-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-aws 6.8.0-1050.53 USN-8095-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-aws-6.17 +1 6.17.0-1007.7~24.04.1 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-azure 6.8.0-1051.57 USN-8125-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-azure-fde 6.8.0-1058.65 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-azure-nvidia 6.8.0-1039.42 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gcp 6.8.0-1052.55 USN-8095-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gcp-6.17 6.17.0-1008.8~24.04.1 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gke 6.8.0-1048.53 USN-8095-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-gkeop 6.8.0-1035.38 USN-8095-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-ibm 6.8.0-1049.49 USN-8095-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-lowlatency 6.8.0-106.106.1 USN-8095-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia 6.8.0-1049.52 USN-8100-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia-6.17 6.17.0-1008.8 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia-lowlatency 6.8.0-1049.52.1 USN-8100-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-nvidia-tegra 6.8.0-1020.20 —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-oem-6.17 6.17.0-1011.11 USN-8048-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-oracle 6.8.0-1047.48 USN-8095-1
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-raspi 6.8.0-1050.54 USN-8095-5
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-riscv +18 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS linux-xilinx 6.8.0-1028.29 USN-8261-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux +1 5.15.0-170.180 USN-8033-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-aws 5.15.0-1100.107 USN-8033-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-aws-6.8 6.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1 USN-8095-4
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-azure 5.15.0-1109.118 USN-8163-2
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-azure-6.8 6.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1 USN-8126-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-azure-fde 5.15.0-1109.118.1 —
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-azure-fde-6.8 6.8.0-1058.65~22.04.1 —
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-gcp 5.15.0-1100.109 USN-8033-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-gcp-6.8 6.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1 USN-8095-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-gke 5.15.0-1096.102 USN-8033-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-gkeop 5.15.0-1083.91 USN-8033-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-hwe-6.8 +1 6.8.0-106.106~22.04.1 USN-8095-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-ibm 5.15.0-1094.97 USN-8033-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-ibm-6.8 6.8.0-1049.49~22.04.1 USN-8095-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-intel-iotg 5.15.0-1095.101 USN-8033-8
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-kvm 5.15.0-1092.97 USN-8033-5
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8 6.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1 USN-8095-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-nvidia 5.15.0-1095.96 USN-8033-6
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-nvidia-6.8 6.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1 USN-8100-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-nvidia-tegra 5.15.0-1052.52 USN-8034-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-nvidia-tegra-igx 5.15.0-1041.41 USN-8034-2
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-oracle 5.15.0-1097.103 USN-8033-5
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-oracle-6.8 6.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1 USN-8095-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-raspi 5.15.0-1097.100 USN-8141-1
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-riscv +32 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS linux-xilinx-zynqmp 5.15.0-1064.68 USN-8033-7
Show 9 more (older releases, extended support, other products)
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS linux-gke +28 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 18.04 LTS linux-gcp +14 No fix yet —
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS linux-hwe-edge No fix yet —
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS linux-raspi-realtime 6.8.0-2040.41 USN-8095-5
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS linux-realtime 6.8.1-1045.46 USN-8095-3
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS linux-realtime-6.14 No fix yet —
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 24.04 LTS linux-realtime-6.17 6.17.0-1006.7~24.04.1 —
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS linux-intel-iot-realtime 5.15.0-1092.94 USN-8033-2
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS linux-realtime 5.15.0-1099.108 USN-8033-2
Ubuntu Pro Realtime 22.04 LTS linux-realtime-6.8 6.8.1-1045.46~22.04.1 USN-8095-3
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-aws-fips 6.8.0-1050.53+fips1 USN-8095-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-azure-fips 6.8.0-1052.58+fips1 USN-8165-1
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-fips 6.8.0-106.106+fips1 USN-8095-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 24.04 LTS linux-gcp-fips 6.8.0-1052.55+fips1 USN-8095-2
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS linux-aws-fips 5.15.0-1100.107+fips1 USN-8033-3
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS linux-azure-fips 5.15.0-1109.118+fips1 USN-8163-1
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS linux-fips 5.15.0-170.180+fips1 USN-8033-3
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-updates 22.04 LTS linux-gcp-fips 5.15.0-1100.109+fips1 USN-8033-3
Ubuntu Pro FIPS-preview 22.04 LTS linux-fips +3 No fix yet —
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-aws-5.15 5.15.0-1100.107~20.04.2 USN-8033-4
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-azure-5.15 5.15.0-1110.119~20.04.1 USN-8243-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-gcp-5.15 5.15.0-1100.109~20.04.1 USN-8033-5
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-hwe-5.15 5.15.0-170.180~20.04.3 USN-8033-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-ibm-5.15 5.15.0-1094.97~20.04.1 USN-8033-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-intel-iotg-5.15 5.15.0-1095.101~20.04.1 USN-8033-7
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-lowlatency-hwe-5.15 5.15.0-170.180~20.04.1 USN-8033-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-nvidia-tegra-5.15 5.15.0-1052.52~20.04.2 USN-8034-1
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-oracle-5.15 5.15.0-1097.103~20.04.1 USN-8033-5
Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS linux-riscv-5.15 5.15.0-1095.99~20.04.1 —
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
SLES 15 SP7 kernel-64kb +5 6.4.0-150700.53.25.1 SUSE-SU-2025:4393-1
SLES 15 SP7 kernel-azure +2 6.4.0-150700.20.21.1 SUSE-SU-2025:4517-1
SLES 15 SP7 kernel-default-base 6.4.0-150700.53.25.1.150700.17.17.1 SUSE-SU-2025:4393-1
SLES 15 SP7 kernel-docs 6.4.0-150700.53.25.2 SUSE-SU-2025:4393-1
SLES 15 SP6 kernel-64kb +3 6.4.0-150600.23.81.3 SUSE-SU-2025:4422-1
SLES 15 SP6 kernel-azure +2 6.4.0-150600.8.58.1 SUSE-SU-2025:4505-1
SLES 15 SP6 kernel-default-base 6.4.0-150600.23.81.3.150600.12.36.3 SUSE-SU-2025:4422-1
SLES 15 SP6 kernel-docs +1 6.4.0-150600.23.81.1 SUSE-SU-2025:4422-1
SLES 15 SP6 kernel-source 6.4.0-150600.23.81.2 SUSE-SU-2025:4422-1
Show 9 more (older releases, extended support, other products)
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
SLES for SAP 16.0 kernel-64kb +7 6.12.0-160000.8.1 SUSE-SU-2026:20015-1
SLES for SAP 16.0 kernel-default-base 6.12.0-160000.8.1.160000.2.5 SUSE-SU-2026:20015-1
SLES 16.0 kernel-64kb +7 6.12.0-160000.8.1 SUSE-SU-2026:20021-1, SUSE-SU-2026:20015-1
SLES 16.0 kernel-default-base 6.12.0-160000.8.1.160000.2.5 SUSE-SU-2026:20015-1
SLE Micro 6.2 kernel-default-base 6.12.0-160000.8.1.160000.2.5 SUSE-SU-2026:20012-1
SLE Micro 6.2 kernel-rt +5 6.12.0-160000.8.1 SUSE-SU-2026:20562-1, SUSE-SU-2026:20012-1
SLE Micro 6.1 kernel-default-base 6.4.0-38.1.21.15 SUSE-SU-2026:20496-1
SLE Micro 6.1 kernel-rt +1 6.4.0-39.1 SUSE-SU-2026:20059-1
SLE Micro 6.1 kernel-source +2 6.4.0-38.1 SUSE-SU-2026:20496-1
SLE Micro 6.0 kernel-default-base 6.4.0-38.1.21.15 SUSE-SU-2026:20473-1
SLE Micro 6.0 kernel-rt +1 6.4.0-39.1 SUSE-SU-2026:20039-1
SLE Micro 6.0 kernel-source +2 6.4.0-38.1 SUSE-SU-2026:20473-1
SLE Live Patching 15 SP7 kernel-default 6.4.0-150700.53.25.1 SUSE-SU-2025:4393-1
SLE Live Patching 15 SP7 kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_7 1-150700.1.3.1 SUSE-SU-2025:4516-1
SLE Live Patching 15 SP7 kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_7 1-150700.15.3.1 SUSE-SU-2025:4393-1
SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 kernel-default 6.4.0-150600.23.81.3 SUSE-SU-2025:4422-1
SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_18 1-150600.1.3.1 SUSE-SU-2025:4521-1
SLE Live Patching 15 SP6 kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_18 1-150600.13.3.3 SUSE-SU-2025:4422-1
SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP7 kernel-rt +2 6.4.0-150700.7.25.1 SUSE-SU-2025:4516-1
SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP6 kernel-rt +3 6.4.0-150600.10.61.1 SUSE-SU-2025:4521-1
ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
openSUSE Leap 16.0 kernel-default-base 6.12.0-160000.8.1.160000.2.5 openSUSE-SU-2025:20172-1
openSUSE Leap 16.0 kernel-rt +10 6.12.0-160000.8.1 openSUSE-SU-2025:20172-1
openSUSE Leap 15.6 dtb-aarch64 +3 6.4.0-150600.23.81.1 SUSE-SU-2025:4422-1
openSUSE Leap 15.6 kernel-64kb +5 6.4.0-150600.23.81.3 SUSE-SU-2025:4422-1
openSUSE Leap 15.6 kernel-azure +2 6.4.0-150600.8.58.1 SUSE-SU-2025:4505-1
openSUSE Leap 15.6 kernel-default-base 6.4.0-150600.23.81.3.150600.12.36.3 SUSE-SU-2025:4422-1
openSUSE Leap 15.6 kernel-rt +3 6.4.0-150600.10.61.1 SUSE-SU-2025:4521-1
openSUSE Leap 15.6 kernel-source 6.4.0-150600.23.81.2 SUSE-SU-2025:4422-1

Oracle Linux

ReleasePackageFixed inAdvisory
Oracle Linux 8 bpftool +18 5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek ELSA-2025-28048

Advisories 47

References