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High · 7.4 CVE-2026-104437 EUVD-2026-91447GHSA-cwfq-rfcr-8hmpGHSA-wc6w-gfmg-rf5p

Zebra before 4.4.0 Consensus Split via SIGHASH_SINGLE Missing-Output Handling

Published Oct 2, 2026 · Updated Oct 6, 2026 · Assigned by VulnCheck

Description

Zebra before 4.4.0 contains a consensus divergence vulnerability in V5 transparent signature verification, computing a ZIP-244 digest for SIGHASH_SINGLE inputs lacking corresponding outputs instead of failing. Attackers can craft V5 transactions with fewer outputs than inputs that Zebra accepts and templates via getblocktemplate, producing blocks zcashd rejects.

Affected products

VendorProductAffectedFixed
ZcashFoundation zebra < 4.4.0 4.4.0

Affected packages

EcosystemPackageAffectedFixedRecord
crates.io zebrad < 4.4.0 4.4.0 GHSA-cwfq-rfcr-8hmp

References